scholarly journals Evaluation of prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale: a cross-sectional analytic study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gaye Kahveci ◽  
Bekir Kahveci ◽  
Hamza Aslanhan ◽  
Pakize Gamze Erten Bucaktepe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inadequate Care ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS).  Study design: The population of this cross-sectional analytic study consisted of 311 women who were admitted to our hospital at 4-6 weeks after birth. The data were collected between April-June 2018 by applying a sociodemographic data form consisting of 44 questions and the EPDS consisting of 10 questions. We used the EPDS in postpartum period to divide parturients into those with (n=47) and without (n=264) PPD using a cut-off score of ³ 13. The primary outcome is the prevalence of PPD, while the secondary outcomes are associated risk factors.Results: The PPD prevalence was 15.1% (n=47).  In the PPD group, the difference was highly significant in terms of abortion, antenatal depression, inadequate care for the baby and health problem in the newborn [0.6±0.9 vs. 0.2±0.6, 13 (37.1%) vs. 27 (10.5%), 9 (56.3%) vs. 38 (12.9%), 12 (36.4%) vs. 35 (12.6%), respectively] (p<0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that abortion increased PPD by 1.64 fold (1.13-2.37% at 95% CI), antenatal depression by 5.04 fold (2.38-10.68% at 95% CI), inadequate care for the baby by 6.28 fold (1.89-20.86% at 95% CI), and health problem in the newborn increased PPD by 3.59 fold (1.43-8.99% at 95% CI).Conclusion: PPD is a health problem that can affect primarily mother and child. Therefore, it is important to determine highly predictable risk factors using a scale (e.g. EPDS) for early diagnosis and timely treatment of symptoms.

Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S362-S362 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F Cherif ◽  
I. Feki ◽  
R. Sellami ◽  
D. Trigui ◽  
I. Baâti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Almost All

IntroductionChildbirth represents for women a time of vulnerability to postpartum mood disorders. These disorders range in severity from the early maternal blues to postpartum psychosis. Along this spectrum is postpartum depression (PPD) that may have many risk factors.ObjectivesThe study aims to examine the prevalence of PPD and associated risk factors among a sample of Tunisian women receiving cares in the hospital of Sfax.MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study regarding 150 parturients examined during the first and the sixth week post-delivery. The EPDS (Edinburgh postnatal depression scale) was used to assess PPD.ResultsThe total sample had a mean age of 29.61 years. During the sixth week study period, 126 of 150 were examined. Almost all of the women have a low school level (82.7%). Only 9.3% had a personal psychiatric history. Multiparity was found in 43.3% of cases. The current pregnancy was undesired in 15.3% of cases. Sympathetic signs of pregnancy were reported by 64.7% of women. The prevalence of PPD in the first week was 14.7% and 19.8% in the sixth week after delivery. The PPD was associated with the maternal age (> 35 years), the low school level, the existence of mood personal background, the parity, the difficulty to accept the pregnancy and sympathetic signs of pregnancy.ConclusionPostpartum depression is common on our sample. Identifying risk factors of PPD allows clinicians to detect subgroups of women with an increased vulnerability who might receive early psychiatric care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Prevalence, Knowledge and Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression in Western Nepal - A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Sapana Karki ◽  
Shila Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Postpartum depression(PPD)can be defined as non-psychotic depression occurring within a year after childbirth, characterized by low mood, unusual thoughts, feeling of guilt, unexplained anxiety, worthlessness, and other depressive symptoms. Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence, knowledge and risk factors of postpartum disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 217 postpartum mothers in the outpatient department of psychiatry of a tertiary care hospital using the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale(EPDS). All the patients enrolled were directly interviewed using a structured questionnaire to identify the associated risk factors of postpartum depression. The data collected were checked for validity and analyzed using S.P.S. version 16.0. Results: Out of 217 patients, five women were found to have an EPDS(Edinburgh postnatal depression scale) score greater than 10. The prevalence of postpartum depression was found to be 2.3%.Upon evaluation of knowledge about postpartum depression, 90.3% of women were found to have a poor level of knowledge and 8.8% had a good knowledge level. The statistically significant factors associated with postpartum depression were the lack of support from family and partners (p<0.005). Conclusion: There was a comparatively low prevalence of P.P.D. in Western Nepal. Majority of the mothers (90.3%) were found not aware of P.P.D. The present study concluded on the need for educational intervention among the mothers regarding P.P.D. in Western Nepal.

scholarly journals Determination of the Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and Risk Factors Among Postpartum Patients at a Tertiary Government Urban Hospital Using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-Filipino Translation (EPDS-F): A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carmina Lorenzana Santiago ◽  
Maria Antonia Esteban Habana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs in 10-15% of deliveries worldwide. Unfortunately there is a dearth of local studies on its exact prevalence. Method This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for PPD among postpartum patients at a tertiary government hospital using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-Filipino Translation (EPDS-F), a 10-point questionnaire translated into Filipino and previously validated. Four hundred patients within 8 weeks postpartum were recruited and their EPDS-F scores and sociodemographic, medical and personal history, and delivery and perinatal outcome data were obtained. Results The overall prevalence of PPD was 14.5%, which is within the known worldwide prevalence. Among those that had family incomes below PhP10,000, the proportion that had high EPDS-F scores was 68.8%, while those that had low EPDS-F scores was 48.8% (significant at p=0.001). Among those that finished below tertiary education, the proportion that had high EPDS-F scores was 81%, while those that had low EPDS-F scores was 59.9% (significant at p=0.002). Among those who delivered vaginally, 62.1% had high EPDS-F scores vs 44.2% low EPDS-F (p=0.03). Of those that had epidural anesthesia (106 or 26.5%), 44.8% had high EPDS scores and 26.0% had low EPDS-F scores (p=0.04). Regression analysis showed that having an abdominal delivery is correlated with a lower EPDS-F score by 0.87% by logistic regression and 0.46 % by probit regression. Having a higher educational attainment and monthly income are associated with a lower EPDS-F score by regression analysis. Conclusions The prevalence may be skewed because a tertiary government institution caters to delicate pregnancies and those in low socioeconomic brackets. It may be worthwhile to compare responses from a public versus a private institution, also urban versus rural areas. It would be interesting also to evaluate the mode of delivery variable and how exactly it correlates with the development of postpartum depression.

scholarly journals Postpartum Depression and Risk Factors among Vietnamese Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Kim Ly Do ◽  
Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Huong Pham
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
First Year ◽  
New Mothers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
First Time

Postpartum depression (PPD) places a burden on maternal health. PPD exerts a negative impact on mothers’ health and children’s life. The purpose of this research was to identify the prevalence of PPD and the risk factors contributing to PPD. Therefore, a cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted. 116 women were categorized into two groups. One category included new mothers who received scores of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) 12 or more. The other category included mothers who received scores less than 12. Descriptive statistic and then binary logistic regression were also performed. For EPDS ≥ 12, the prevalence of PPD was 27.6% among new mothers during the first year after delivery. Level of education, diseases during pregnancy, being the first-time mothers, dissatisfaction about family, and limited communication and interaction with others were significant predictors of PPD.

Postpartum Depression in a Public Hospital in Cyprus. Prevalence, Risk Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S155
Author(s):  
K. Argyropoulos ◽  
G. Andreou ◽  
D. Avramidis ◽  
P. Gourzis ◽  
G. Charalambous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Programs

IntroductionPostpartum depression (PPD) is a serious mental health condition. Untreated PPD places the mother and infant at risk and is associated with significant long-term effects on child development and behavior.ObjectivesAppropriate screening for and prompt recognition and treatment of depression after the birth of a child are essential for maternal and child well-being.AimsThe purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of PPD in the first 5 days after the birth of a neonate and to investigate associations with several risk factors.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 mothers, in a public obstetric hospital in Nicosia, Cyprus. A questionnaire was administered including socio-demographic characteristics. The Greek version of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), a 10–item questionnaire to identifying women who are at risk of PPD, was used to estimate depression among the participants.ResultsAccording to EPDS, 42% of the mothers screened positive for risk of developing PPD. Higher risk was observed in very young mothers (<20 years) (66.6% vs 15%), in women with history of psychological disorders (86.95% vs 33.85%), in single mothers (71.69% vs 22.8%), in women with serious problems during the pregnancy (74% vs 23.95%) and in mothers with not healthy neonate (75.7% vs 32.4%).ConclusionThe study reveals a high prevalence of PPD and identifies various risk factors associated with developing PPD. The use of maternal depression screening programs such as the EPDS may help to recognize an elevated risk of postpartum depression and to ensure a healthier mother-child relationship.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antenatal Depression and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okechukwu Thompson ◽  
IkeOluwapo Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Antenatal Clinics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objective. The prevalence of antenatal depression (AD) and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Nigeria, was determined.Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted, interviewing 314 pregnant women selected by multistage sampling technique from among those attending antenatal clinics. Information was collected using structured questionnaire and a screening tool, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), to assess probable depression.Results. The prevalence of antenatal depression was 24.5%. There were significant associations between antenatal depression and attending public health facility (P=0.000), young maternal age (P=0.012), single marital status (P=0.010), not having formal education (P=0.022), large family size (P=0.029), planned pregnancy (P=0.014), coexisting medical conditions (P=0.034), history of previous caesarian section (P=0.032), drinking alcohol during pregnancy (P=0.004), and gender based abuse (P=0.001). On health seeking behaviour for antenatal depression among depressed pregnant women, most, 68.9%, consulted their husbands about their symptoms; 57.3% took the decision to get treatment from doctors, and 52% sought prayer in the church.Conclusion. Antenatal depression is prevalent in this study population. Interventions to address its risk factors should be carried out and physicians should suspect depression in pregnant women reporting alcohol use and gender abuse.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of depression among women attending antenatal clinics in Blantyre district, Malawi

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genesis Chorwe-Sungani ◽  
Jennifer Chipps
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antenatal Clinics

Background: Pregnancy is a period associated with major psychological and social changes in the life of a woman and can be associated with anxiety and depression.Aim: To describe demographic, clinical and risk profile of antenatal depression among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Blantyre district, Malawi.Setting: The study was conducted in eight antenatal clinics in Blantyre district, Malawi.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 480 randomly selected pregnant women attending antenatal clinics was conducted. Prevalence was determined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) which was validated against a sub-sample using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The risk factors of depression were assessed using the Pregnancy Risk Questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square test and binary logistic regression.Results: Prevalence of antenatal depression using the EPDS was 19% (95% CI 15.5% – 22.5%, n = 91) and was comparable to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (25.8% [95% CI = 17.5–34], n = 25). The key risk factors that predicted antenatal depression were: ‘being distressed by anxiety or depression for more than 2 weeks during this pregnancy’ (OR = 4.1 [2.1–7.9], p≤ 0.001); ‘feeling that a relationship with partner is not an emotionally supportive one’ (OR = 3.5 [1.4–8.4], p = 0.01); ‘having major stresses, changes or losses in the course of this pregnancy’ (OR = 3.2 [1.7–6.2], p = 0.01); ‘feeling that father was critical of her when growing up’ (OR = 3.2 [1.4–7.6], p = 0.01); and ‘having history of feeling miserable or depressed for ≥2 weeks before this pregnancy’ (OR = 2.4 [1.3–4.4], p = 0.01).Conclusion: This study confirmed the high-prevalence rate of depression in this group and illustrated that antenatal depression was associated with being distressed by anxiety or depression; support from partner; major stresses during pregnancy; and history of feeling miserable or depressed before pregnancy. This study also found a history of poor relationship between pregnant women and their fathers during childhood.

scholarly journals PREVALENSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO DEPRESI POST PARTUM DI KOTA DENPASAR TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
I Komang Lindayani ◽  
Gusti Ayu Marhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Partum Depression

Depresi post partum dapat dialami oleh ibu nifas sejak 2 minggu sampai dengan 1 tahun setelah melahirkan. Kondisi ini jika dideteksi sejak awal dan dapat penanganan yang tepat, akan dapat mencegah masalah lebih lanjut. Identifikasi gejala depresi dan faktor risiko terjadinya depresi post partum penting dilakukan. Kuesioner Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS)sudah sangat umum digunakan di seluruh dunia untuk mendeteksi adanya depresi post partum dengan tingkat sensitivitas sebesar 80% dan spesifitas 84,4%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung prevalensi kejadian depresi post partum di Kota Denpasar Tahun 2019, mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian depresi post partu dan menganalisis hubungan antara faktor risiko yang ditemukan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 3 (tiga) puskesmas rawat inap yaitu Puskesmas I Denpasar Timur, IV Denpasar Selatan dan II Denpasar Barat. Responden berjumlah 67 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner EPDS,  kuesioner faktor yang terkait dengan kehamilan, persalinan dan nifas, dan kuesioner faktor sosial. Analisis univariat dengan menghitung proporsi, analisis bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square dan analisis multivariate dengan menggunakan regresi logistic. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian depresi post partum sebesar 25,4%. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan secara bermakna dengan kejadian depresi post partum antara lain : jenis keluarga, nutrisi untuk bayi dan dukungan keluarga. Sedangkan faktor risiko usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, penghasilan keluarga, paritas, status kehamilan, komplikasi persalinan dan jenis kelamin bayi tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan. Hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan nutrisi untuk bayi memiliki hubungan yang paling kuat dengan kejadian depresi post partum. Post partum depression can be experienced by postpartum mothers from 2 weeks to 1 year after giving birth. This condition, if detected early and can be handled properly, will be able to prevent further problems. Identification of depressive symptoms and risk factors for post partum depression is important. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire has been very commonly used worldwide to detect post partum depression with a sensitivity level of 80% and a specificity of 84.4%. This study aims to calculate the prevalence of post partum depression events in Denpasar City in 2019, determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of post partum depression and analyze the relationship between risk factors found. This research is an observational research with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in 3 (three) inpatient puskesmas, namely Puskesmas I Denpasar Timur, IV Denpasar Selatan and II Denpasar Barat. Respondents numbered 67 people. The instruments used were EPDS questionnaire, factor questionnaire related to pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium, and social  factor questionnaire. Univariate analysis by calculating proportions, bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test and multivariate analysis using logistic regression.The results showed the prevalence of post partum depression was 25.4%. Risk factors significantly related to the incidence of post partum depression include: type of family, nutrition for infants and family support. While risk factors for age, education, occupation, family income, parity, pregnancy status, complications of childbirth and sex of the baby did not show a significant relationship. Logistic regression results show that nutrition for infants has the strongest association with the incidence of post partum depression. 

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