scholarly journals Pregnancy Wastage Due to Fetal Congenital Malformations

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vijayata Sangwan ◽  
Shivani Khandelwal ◽  
Rajiv Mahendru ◽  
Pinkey Lakra ◽  
Sunita Siwach
Keyword(s):  
Neural Tube ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
Pregnancy Wastage ◽  
Cardiovascular Anomalies

<p><strong>OBJECTIVES:</strong> To study the pattern of various congenital anomalies in rural Haryana.<br />STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective study conducted over 1 and ½ years (from January 2015 to June 2016) in a tertiary care center in Haryana, India.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Out of 11,178 births, 227 babies had gross congenital malformations 2.03%. In literature, the most common birth defect reported in western countries is cardiovascular anomalies while in India and eastern countries, it’s the neural tube defect. In our study also, neural tube defects were the most common congenital anomalies accounting for 64.31% of total anomalies. They were more common in unbooked patients (70%) and the rural population. So, the main cause appears to be a lack of awareness and illiteracy.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> There is a need for increased awareness and folic acid supplementation routinely in the periconceptional period to decrease the incidence of congenital anomalies.</p>

scholarly journals The ambit of congenital malformations in the Kachchh district- a hospital-based study at a tertiary care center

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Dr. Dhwani Mehta ◽  
◽  
Dr. Charmi Pawani ◽  
Dr. Snehal B Kukadiya ◽  
Dr. Nimish Pandya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Participants

Background and Aim: Quantifying birth defects in a population is felt as a need as it helpsinappropriate allocation of the health budget to tackle and reduce perinatal, neonatal, and infantmortality rates. Hence a study on congenital anomalies was undertaken in the region of Kachchhdistrict. Material and Methods: Present cross-sectional study was performed on 10 patientsdiagnosed with having congenital malformed fetuses at tertiary care center- G.K. General Hospital,Bhuj, Kachchh district, Gujarat, India over three months – January, February, March 2019. Results:Mean age of the study participants were 22.3 years, most (70%) of the study participants wereprimigravida. Hydrocephalus was the most common birth defect among study participants. Eightypercentages (80%) of study participants had gross anomalies. Sixty percentages (60%) ofparticipants had the outcome of termination. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies were in babies tomothers between 20-30 years of age. Once an anomaly is detected, various management optionsare to be discussed with the patients in consultation with a neonatologist, pediatric surgeon, andneurosurgeon when necessary.

scholarly journals Study of Abdominal Shirodkar sling operation for uterocervical prolapse

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Dr. Uday M, Patel ◽  
◽  
Dr. Manoranjana B. Shah ◽  
Dr. Jui R. Shah ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Participants

Background and Aim: Quantifying birth defects in a population is felt as a need as it helpsinappropriate allocation of the health budget to tackle and reduce perinatal, neonatal, and infantmortality rates. Hence a study on congenital anomalies was undertaken in the region of Kachchhdistrict. Material and Methods: Present cross-sectional study was performed on 10 patientsdiagnosed with having congenital malformed fetuses at tertiary care center- G.K. General Hospital,Bhuj, Kachchh district, Gujarat, India over three months – January, February, March 2019. Results:Mean age of the study participants were 22.3 years, most (70%) of the study participants wereprimigravida. Hydrocephalus was the most common birth defect among study participants. Eightypercentages (80%) of study participants had gross anomalies. Sixty percentages (60%) ofparticipants had the outcome of termination. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies were in babies tomothers between 20-30 years of age. Once an anomaly is detected, various management optionsare to be discussed with the patients in consultation with a neonatologist, pediatric surgeon, andneurosurgeon when necessary.

scholarly journals A study of gross congenital malformation at birth

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Pooja R. Gandhi ◽  
Hetal D. Vora ◽  
Halak J. Vasavada ◽  
Mehul T. Patelia ◽  
Pragneshkumar L. Popatiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Familial Patterns

Background: A congenital anomaly is a structural anomaly of any type that is present at birth. Congenital anomalies may be induced by genetic or environmental factors. Most congenital anomalies, however, show the familial patterns expected of multi-factorial inheritance. The aims and objective of this study were to study the incidence of visible congenital malformations at birth, to study risk factors, to find associated internal malformations.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital affiliated to a medical college. The Inclusion criteria include all new-borns delivered in the hospital with visible congenital malformations examined within 48 hours of birth. Extramural babies were included if they had presented within 48 hours after birth. The Exclusion criteria include still births were excluded from the study.Results: Percentage of congenital malformation was 1.32%. Most common systems involved were musculoskeletal system (46.34%) followed by genitourinary system (21.34%) and gastrointestinal system (14.02%).Conclusions: All Babies with gross congenital malformation should be screened for internal malformation. The incidence of CNS malformation has reduced than observed in previous studies which suggest awareness about antenatal folic acid supplementation. Other than CNS anomalies, other system anomalies were not diagnosed antenatally despite antenatal ultrasound being done in maximum number of mothers, which suggest use of 3D or 4D scan antenatally.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Neonatal Surgical Problems in the Newborn: Incidence, Clinical Course, Immediate Outcome, Follow up Study in a Tertiary Care NICU

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
K. G. Sachin ◽  
K. R. Sachin ◽  
H. Ramesh ◽  
Guru Prasad ◽  
Harsha Bullapur
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Medical College

Background: A congenital anomaly may be defined in terms of physical structure as a malformation, an abnormality of physical structure or form usually found at birth or during the first few weeks of life. Congenital anomalies affect approximately 1 in 33 infants and result in approximately 3.2 million birth defect-related disabilities every year. Congenital anomalies or birth defects are relatively common, affecting 3% to 5% of live births in the United States (US) and 2.1% in Europe. Congenital anomalies account for 8% to 15% of perinatal deaths and 13% to 16% of neonatal deaths in India. Objectives: To provide an insight on the burden and types of surgical problems encountered in our NICU of Bapuji Child Health Institute & Research Center, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India and to study the incidence, clinical profile and outcome of surgical condition. Methodology: A total of 3820 babies were examined over a period of 2 years. The relevant information was documented on a semi-structured proforma and analysed. Results: Overall incidence of congenital malformations at birth was 24.8 per 1000 births. The GIT system (51.58%) was most commonly involved followed by respiratory system (26.32%). The incidence of congenital malformation was more in male babies than female babies. Increased frequency was seen in babies born to mothers between 26–30 years & primigravida. The factors which significantly increased the rate of congenital malformations were consanguinity in parents & bad obstetric history. Out of 95 cases, 72% got discharged normally, 18% died in NICU and 10% got discharged against medical advise. Conclusion: With emphasis on “small family” norms and population control it is necessary to identify malformations so that interventional programmes can be planned. Systematic clinical examination of newborns for early detection of anomalies that may warrant medical or surgical intervention. Accurate antenatal anomaly scan need to be done to identify major malformations and terminate the pregnancy.

scholarly journals Congenital anomalies and associated risk factors in a Saudi population: a cohort study from pregnancy to age 2 years

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e026351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Kurdi ◽  
Muhammad Ali Majeed-Saidan ◽  
Maha S Al Rakaf ◽  
Amal M AlHashem ◽  
Lorenzo D Botto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Renal Malformations

ObjectiveTo assess the three key issues for congenital anomalies (CAs) prevention and care, namely, CA prevalence, risk factor prevalence and survival, in a longitudinal cohort in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.SettingTertiary care centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ParticipantsSaudi women enrolled during pregnancy over 3 years and their 28 646 eligible pregnancy outcomes (births, stillbirths and elective terminations of pregnancy for foetal anomalies). The nested case-control study evaluated the CA risk factor profile of the underlying cohort. All CA cases (1179) and unaffected controls (1262) were followed through age 2 years. Referred mothers because of foetal anomaly and mothers who delivered outside the study centre and their pregnancy outcome were excluded.Primary outcome measuresPrevalence and pattern of major CAs, frequency of CA-related risk factors and survival through age 2 years.ResultsThe birth prevalence of CAs was 412/10 000 births (95% CI 388.6 to 434.9), driven mainly by congenital heart disease (148 per 10 000) (95% CI 134 to 162), renal malformations (113, 95% CI 110 to 125), neural tube defects (19, 95% CI 25.3 to 38.3) and chromosomal anomalies (27, 95% CI 21 to 33). In this study, the burden of potentially modifiable risk factors included high rates of diabetes (7.3%, OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.12), maternal age >40 years (7.0%, OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.35 to 3.3), consanguinity (54.5%, OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.81). The mortality for live births with CAs at 2 years of age was 15.8%.ConclusionsThis study documented specific opportunities to improve primary prevention and care. Specifically, folic acid fortification (the neural tube defect prevalence was >3 times that theoretically achievable by optimal fortification), preconception diabetes screening and consanguinity-related counselling could have significant and broad health benefits in this cohort and arguably in the larger Saudi population.

scholarly journals Mullerian ductal anomalies and its outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Rupa C. Vyas ◽  
Ashleta M. Moghariya ◽  
Sapana R. Shah ◽  
Purvi M. Parikh ◽  
Prachi M. Shelat
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Mullerian Anomalies ◽  
Müllerian Anomalies

Background: The aim is to study various investigative modalities to diagnose Mullerian anomalies and to evaluate the reproductive outcome that occurs as a result of malformation of genital tract.Methods: A prospective study of reproductive anomalies and its outcome was performed by using data from women with congenital anomalies attended in OPD either with complains or for operative treatment or incidental diagnosis during caesarean section, manual removal of placenta, during laparoscopy or laparotomy at tertiary care center. Total 70 women with different types of congenital anomalies were included in study. Out of them gynecological cases (27) were diagnosed on basis of clinical examination and other diagnostic aids while Mullerian anomalies in obstetric cases (43) were observed and their outcomes were studied.Results: Most common utero-vaginal anomaly seen in present study was septate uterus with 18 (25.7%) cases, followed by bicornuate uterus with 13 (18.6%) cases. Most common presenting symptom is primary amenorrhea 21 (30%) followed by cyclical abdominal pain 11 (15.7). HSG, USG are the primary tools to detect genital tract anomalies. Surgical correction was required in 47.1% patients.Conclusions: Present study shows prevalence of congenital malformation of female reproductive tract is 0.17% at our tertiary care center. Utero-vaginal anomalies are a morphologically diverse group of developmental disorders. Establishing an accurate diagnosis is essential for planning treatment and management strategies. The surgical approach for correction of utero-vaginal anomalies is specific to the type of malformation and may vary in a specific group.

scholarly journals Study of pattern of congenital anomalies at tertiary center in Maharashtra, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2802
Author(s):  
B. B. Yadav ◽  
S. B. Yadav ◽  
P. K. Damase
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Tertiary Center

Background: To highlight common pattern of congenital malformation seen at hospital population of tertiary care center in Maharashtra.Methods: The study was a descriptive prospective study and conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of government medical college Latur, Maharashtra for a period of six months. Study includes all womens coming for 2nd trimester MTP due to congenital anomalies in foetus and women’s admitted in labour having anomalous foetus. Details of maternal age, parity, type of anomaly present and sex of fetus were noted.Results: Total babies born in the study period were 3482 (including the second trimester abortions). Total babies with congenital abnormality were 75, making the prevalence 2.15%. 10 cases (13.33) had multiple anomalies involving more than one system. The predominant system involved was central nervous system 40 (53.33%) followed by gastrointestinal system 15 (20%). In this study male babies affected more than females.Conclusions: Prevalence of the congenital anomalies will be definitely higher at tertiary care center and to know prevalence in community, more community based studies are required. Increased awareness about preventable risk factors may help in reducing the incidence of congenital anomalies.

scholarly journals Perinatal Mortality among All Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1075-1080
Author(s):  
Saraswoti Kumari Gautam Bhattarai ◽  
Roshana Ghimire ◽  
Sapana Duwadi ◽  
Rabin Khadka ◽  
Kanchan Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Perinatal mortality comprises the number of stillbirths and death of newborns within seven days of life which is the main contributor to infant and maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of perinatal mortality among all the deliveries in a tertiary care center of a remote part of Nepal. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center located in Jumla among 3798 deliveries (childbirth) from August 2014 to April 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee (2076/2077/05) of the same institution. A convenience sampling technique was used and the data were collected from the medical record section and then entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequencies and percentages for binary data. Results: The prevalence of perinatal mortality was 187 (4.92%) (4.23-4.60% at 95% Confidence Interval) among 3798 deliveries. Regarding the primary causes; the highest proportion was intrapartum hypoxia 62 (33.3%), spontaneous preterm labor 40 (21.5%), and congenital anomalies 38 (20.4%). Similarly, about the final cause; the highest proportion was birth asphyxia 64 (34.2%), intrauterine fetal death 51 (27.3%), congenital anomalies 35 (18.7%), and complication of prematurity 32 (17.1%). Conclusions: The perinatal mortality was quite high in this study with respect to similar studies done in other countries. The finding of this study showed that quality antenatal care with rural ultrasound service is essential to reduce the causes of perinatal mortality.

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of mid trimester termination of pregnancies for fetal congenital malformations at tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4254
Author(s):  
Geethalakshmi Suriyanarayanan ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Kandasamy ◽  
Anuradha Coimbatore Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Fetal Anomalies ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Musculoskeletal Abnormalities

Background: This study was conducted to analyse the spectrum of fetal anomalies as a cause of pregnancy termination in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This retrospective study includes antenatal women with fetal anomalies diagnosed by an ultrasound (USG) and admitted in Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam from January 2018 to January 2020 for termination of pregnancy. Data was collected from hospital records and analysed.Results: Gestational age of women with fetal congenital anomalies ranged from 13 to 21 weeks. Pregnancy termination, was performed between 17-19 weeks of gestation in 41% of patients, between 13-15 weeks and 19-21 weeks in 23% of women respectively. Congenital fetal anomalies resulting in termination of pregnancy were CNS, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, renal and multiple anomalies. CNS abnormalities was a major cause of termination of pregnancy which includes meningomyelocele, spina bifida, acrania, anencephaly.Conclusions: In our study conducted at our tertiary care center, CNS abnormalities were the major cause of mid trimester termination of pregnancies, followed by musculoskeletal abnormalities being second most common cause.

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