scholarly journals Distribution of pathologic smear results and histopathologic agreement in precancerous cervical lesions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eser Colak ◽  
Esra Zeynep Coskunoglu
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Epithelial Lesions

<p><strong>OBJECTIVES:</strong> The accuracy of the Papanicolau smear test is very important in cervical cancer which is preventable cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of smear results and cyto-histopathological correlation and agreement in biopsies.</p><p><strong>STUDY DESIGN:</strong> A retrospective study was performed at the gynecology obstetrics and pathology department of Baskent University Konya Application and Research Hospital, over a 5-year period. The histopathology results of 89 patients who underwent colposcopic biopsy from 273 patients with pathologic Pap smear results were examined. The histopathologic results and pathologic Pap smear results were compared and the compatibility between them was examined.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Data records were collected for 11,191 women. Overall, the prevalence of cytologic abnormalities was 2.43%. The cytohistopathologic correlation in epithelial lesions was 56% and was statistically significant. In glandular lesions, normal biopsy results were reported in 93% of AGC-NOS cytology results, whereas there was a 100% malignancy correlation with AGC-FN cytology results. In terms of detecting low and high-grade lesions, the false-negative rate was 12% and the false-positive rate was 17%.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> In conclusion, Pap smears can be less cost-effective and easily accessible method. While conservative treatment is appropriate in young patients because of possible regression even in high-grade lesions; in older patients, it should not be hesitated to get biopsy when a suspicious clinic is present.</p>

scholarly journals Role of complementary cytology, colposcopy and histopathology in detecting premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Mangla ◽  
Renuka Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide. India alone accounts for one fifth of total number of cases worldwide. The aim of our study was to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false positive rate and false negative rate of complementary cytology and colposcopy with histopathology as gold standard for detection of premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung hospital, Delhi, India. 100 non pregnant females with complaint of post coital or irregular vaginal bleeding and those who had unhealthy cervix on visual inspection were included in study. Results: Colposcopy exhibited a high degree of accuracy in diagnosis of high grade lesions. Overall sensitivity of cytology was 50% whereas that of colposcopy was 83.3%. Cytology had specificity of 93.4% whereas colposcopy had specificity of 89.4%. 100% of high grade and invasive cancers on colposcopy were associated with similar findings on histology. The degree of agreement between cytology and colposcopy with histology was significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Colposcopy is sensitive method as compared to cytology, especially in the higher grade lesions and combination of both methods appears to be of higher diagnostic importance.

scholarly journals Frozen Section Diagnosis: Accuracy and Errors; with Emphasis on Reasons for Discordance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. A33-38
Author(s):  
Roopam Kishore Gidwani ◽  
Falguni Jay Goswami ◽  
Arpan Mehta ◽  
Nirali V Shah ◽  
Shobhana Ashok Prajapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Error ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Paraffin Section ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Frozen Section Diagnosis ◽  
Final Histological Diagnosis

Background: Frozen section is a multistep process involving surgical resection, intraoperative preparation of slides and their microscopic examination.  It is important to   assess concordant, discordant and deferred diagnosis rates from intra-operative frozen section diagnosis with final diagnosis on paraffin section and to determine the reasons for discordance. An integral part of quality assurance in surgical pathology entails the correlation of intra-operative frozen section diagnosis with final diagnosis on permanent section.  Methods:  A retrospective analysis of 117 cases of frozen section biopsy was carried out which were reported in the Histopathology department between July 2007 to June 2012.  The correlation between the frozen section diagnosis with final histological diagnosis was performed in order to check the accuracy of the technique.  The number and type of discrepancies were compared, causes for the discrepancies were analyzed in order to decrease the avoidable errors and improve on the frozen section diagnoses.   Results:  The overall accuracy of frozen section diagnoses over 5years was 90.60% with false positive rate of 0.85%, false negative rate of 6.84% and 1.71% of deferred diagnosis. Sensitivity was 87.69% and Specificity was 98%.  The discrepancies were mainly due to the interpretation error, sampling error and technical artefacts. Conclusions:  Gross inspection, sampling by pathologist, frozen section complemented with cytological and histological review and cooperation between consultants can avoid certain limitations and provide rapid, reliable, cost effective information necessary for optimum patient care.

scholarly journals Comparison of Diagnostic Efficacy of Visual Inspection of Cervix with Acetic Acid and Pap Smear for Prevention of Cervical Cancer: Is VIA Superseding Pap Smear?

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Patil ◽  
G Durdi ◽  
KS Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objectives To estimate diagnostic efficacy of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) in comparison to Pap smear. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried over a period of 24 months on 200 women attending colposcopy clinic at KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Center, Belgaum, India. All women enrolled in study underwent Pap smear, VIA, colposcopy and biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, false-positive rate and false-negative rate were calculated for VIA, Pap smear and colposcopy with biopsy as the reference standard. Results In our study, sensitivity and specificity of VIA were found to be 86.95% and 72.51% respectively, and that of Pap smear 37.68% and 92.36% respectively. Colposcopy showed higher sensitivity (94.20%) and specificity (94.65%). Conclusion VIA is a suitable primary screening procedure alternative to Pap smear as it has high sensitivity and negative predictive value.

Comparative study of ultrasonographic findings with the operative findings of biliary surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Zubayer Ahmad ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Kazi lsrat Jahan ◽  
ABM Khurshid Alam ◽  
G M Morshed
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Biliary Disease ◽  
Biliary Surgery ◽  
Operative Findings

Background: Biliary disease is one of the most common surgical problems encountered all over the world. Ultrasound is widely accepted for the diagnosis of biliary system disease. However, it is a highly operator dependent imaging modality and its diagnostic success is also influenced by the situation, such as non-fasting, obesity, intestinal gas. Objective: To compare the ultrasonographic findings with the peroperative findings in biliary surgery. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in General Hospital, comilla between the periods of July 2006 to June 2008 among 300 patients with biliary diseases for which operative treatment is planned. Comparison between sonographic findings with operative findings was performed. Results: Right hypochondriac pain and jaundice were two significant symptoms (93% and 15%). Right hypochondriac tenderness, jaundice and palpable gallbladder were most valuable physical findings (respectively, 40%, 15% and 5%). Out of 252 ultrasonically positive gallbladder, stone were confirmed in 249 cases preoperatively. Sensitivity of USG in diagnosis of gallstone disease was 100%. There was, however, 25% false positive rate detection. Specificity was, however, 75% in this case. USG could demonstrate stone in common bile duct in only 12 out of 30 cases. Sensitivity of the test in diagnosing common bile duct stone was 40%, false negative rate 60%. In the series, ultrasonography sensitivity was 100% in diagnosing stone in cystic duct. USG could detect with relatively good but less sensitivity the presence of chronic cholecystitis (92.3%) and worm inside gallbladder (50%). Conclusion: Ultrasonography is the most important investigation in the diagnosis of biliary disease and a useful test for patients undergoing operative management for planning and anticipating technical difficulties. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1): 25-29

scholarly journals Preliminary Results of MyCog, a Brief Assessment for the Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Primary Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
Laura Curtis ◽  
Lauren Opsasnick ◽  
Julia Yoshino Benavente ◽  
Cindy Nowinski ◽  
Rachel O’Conor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Primary Care Settings

Abstract Early detection of Cognitive impairment (CI) is imperative to identify potentially treatable underlying conditions or provide supportive services when due to progressive conditions such as Alzheimer’s Disease. While primary care settings are ideal for identifying CI, it frequently goes undetected. We developed ‘MyCog’, a brief technology-enabled, 2-step assessment to detect CI and dementia in primary care settings. We piloted MyCog in 80 participants 65 and older recruited from an ongoing cognitive aging study. Cases were identified either by a documented diagnosis of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or based on a comprehensive cognitive battery. Administered via an iPad, Step 1 consists of a single self-report item indicating concern about memory or other thinking problems and Step 2 includes two cognitive assessments from the NIH Toolbox: Picture Sequence Memory (PSM) and Dimensional Change Card Sorting (DCCS). 39%(31/80) participants were considered cognitively impaired. Those who expressed concern in Step 1 (n=52, 66%) resulted in a 37% false positive and 3% false negative rate. With the addition of the PSM and DCCS assessments in Step 2, the paradigm demonstrated 91% sensitivity, 75% specificity and an area under the ROC curve (AUC)=0.82. Steps 1 and 2 had an average administration time of &lt;7 minutes. We continue to optimize MyCog by 1) examining additional items for Step 1 to reduce the false positive rate and 2) creating a self-administered version to optimize use in clinical settings. With further validation, MyCog offers a practical, scalable paradigm for the routine detection of cognitive impairment and dementia.

scholarly journals Ultrasound guided needle biopsy of axilla to evaluate nodal metastasis after preoperative systemic therapy in cohort of 106 breast cancers enriched with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baiba Līcīte ◽  
Arvīds Irmejs ◽  
Jeļena Maksimenko ◽  
Pēteris Loža ◽  
Genādijs Trofimovičs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Axillary Node ◽  
Pathogenic Variant ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Node Positive

Abstract Background Aim of the study is to evaluate the role of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the restaging of node positive breast cancer after preoperative systemic therapy (PST). Methods From January 2016 – October 2020 106 node positive stage IIA-IIIC breast cancer cases undergoing PST were included in the study. 18 (17 %) were carriers of pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2. After PST restaging of axilla was performed with ultrasound and FNAC of the marked and/or the most suspicious axillary node. In 72/106 cases axilla conserving surgery and in 34/106 cases axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was performed. Results False Positive Rate (FPR) of FNAC after PST in whole cohort and BRCA1/2 positive subgroup is 8 and 0 % and False Negative Rate (FNR) – 43 and 18 % respectively. Overall Sensitivity − 55 %, specificity- 93 %, accuracy 70 %. Conclusion FNAC after PST has low FPR and is useful to predict residual axillary disease and to streamline surgical decision making regarding ALND both in BRCA1/2 positive and negative subgroups. FNR is high in overall cohort and FNAC alone are not able to predict ypCR and omission of further axillary surgery. However, FNAC performance in BRCA1/2 positive subgroup is more promising and further research with larger number of cases is necessary to confirm the results.

scholarly journals A Method of Segmenting Apples Based on Gray-Centered RGB Color Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Pan Fan ◽  
Guodong Lang ◽  
Bin Yan ◽  
Xiaoyan Lei ◽  
Pengju Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vision System ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Color Space ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Feature Selection Method ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Rgb Color Space

In recent years, many agriculture-related problems have been evaluated with the integration of artificial intelligence techniques and remote sensing systems. The rapid and accurate identification of apple targets in an illuminated and unstructured natural orchard is still a key challenge for the picking robot’s vision system. In this paper, by combining local image features and color information, we propose a pixel patch segmentation method based on gray-centered red–green–blue (RGB) color space to address this issue. Different from the existing methods, this method presents a novel color feature selection method that accounts for the influence of illumination and shadow in apple images. By exploring both color features and local variation in apple images, the proposed method could effectively distinguish the apple fruit pixels from other pixels. Compared with the classical segmentation methods and conventional clustering algorithms as well as the popular deep-learning segmentation algorithms, the proposed method can segment apple images more accurately and effectively. The proposed method was tested on 180 apple images. It offered an average accuracy rate of 99.26%, recall rate of 98.69%, false positive rate of 0.06%, and false negative rate of 1.44%. Experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed method.

scholarly journals A new criterion for the alarm point using a combination of waveform amplitude and onset latency in Br(E)-MsEP monitoring in spine surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
Ryuichi Shinjo ◽  
Kenyu Ito ◽  
Mikito Tsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Onset Latency

OBJECTIVEMonitoring of brain evoked muscle-action potentials (Br[E]-MsEPs) is a sensitive method that provides accurate periodic assessment of neurological status. However, occasionally this method gives a relatively high rate of false-positives, and thus hinders surgery. The alarm point is often defined based on a particular decrease in amplitude of a Br(E)-MsEP waveform, but waveform latency has not been widely examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate onset latency in Br(E)-MsEP monitoring in spinal surgery and to examine the efficacy of an alarm point using a combination of amplitude and latency.METHODSA single-center, retrospective study was performed in 83 patients who underwent spine surgery using intraoperative Br(E)-MsEP monitoring. A total of 1726 muscles in extremities were chosen for monitoring, and acceptable baseline Br(E)-MsEP responses were obtained from 1640 (95%). Onset latency was defined as the period from stimulation until the waveform was detected. Relationships of postoperative motor deficit with onset latency alone and in combination with a decrease in amplitude of ≥ 70% from baseline were examined.RESULTSNine of the 83 patients had postoperative motor deficits. The delay of onset latency compared to the control waveform differed significantly between patients with and without these deficits (1.09% ± 0.06% vs 1.31% ± 0.14%, p < 0.01). In ROC analysis, an intraoperative 15% delay in latency from baseline had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 96% for prediction of postoperative motor deficit. In further ROC analysis, a combination of a decrease in amplitude of ≥ 70% and delay of onset latency of ≥ 10% from baseline had sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 93%, a false positive rate of 7%, a false negative rate of 0%, a positive predictive value of 64%, and a negative predictive value of 100% for this prediction.CONCLUSIONSIn spinal cord monitoring with intraoperative Br(E)-MsEP, an alarm point using a decrease in amplitude of ≥ 70% and delay in onset latency of ≥ 10% from baseline has high specificity that reduces false positive results.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Lachlan Ch De Crespigny ◽  
Hugh P. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Time Linear

We read with interest the report which suggested that the diagnosis of cerebroventricular hemorrhage ([CVH] including both subependymal [SEH] and intraventricular) with real time ultrasound was unreliable.1 Ultrasound, when compared with computed tomography scans, had a 35% false-positive rate and a 21% false-negative rate. In our institution over a 12-month period more than 200 premature babies have been examined (ADR real time linear array scanner with a 7-MHz transducer).

Abstract TMP1: Predicting Scale Design and Derivation to Select Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients for Direct Angiosuite Intervention

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeguang Ren ◽  
Runqi Wangqin ◽  
Maxim Mokin ◽  
Anxin Wang ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Vascular Imaging ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Vessel Occlusion

Introduction: Vascular imaging after head CT to confirm large vessel occlusion (LVO) for acute stroke patients requires additional time and delays recanalization. We developed the T hrombectomy A cute M echanical re P erfusion A ssessment ( TAMPA ) scale for selecting patients with LVO for direct angiosuite transfer and intervention to improve recanalization time. Methods: The TAMPA scale was developed from our prospectively collected “Get with the Guidelines” database. We included all “stroke alert” patients between 1/2017 and 8/2018 with vascular imaging and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores between 5 and 25. We excluded patients with immediately obvious non-stroke diagnoses, those lacking subsequent vascular imaging, or those with incomplete records. Different variables were collected. The TAMPA scale receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) was compared with the ROCs of other commonly used scales. Results: 571 eligible patients from 2115 “acute stroke alerts” were identified for developing the TAMPA scale. The scale was established with a combination of 5 items with a total score of 9: CT hyperdense sign, parenchymal hypodensity, lateralizing hemiparalysis, gaze deviation and speech disturbance. A cutoff of ≥ 4 yielded a sensitivity of 68.98%, specificity of 72.91%, false positive rate of 27.09%, and false negative rate of 31.02%. Compared with other scales, such as total NIHSS, C-stat/CPSSS, RACE, FAST-ED and 3I-SS, the TAMPA scale had the best ROC for the selected group of patients. Conclusions: The TAMPA scale accurately predicts presence of clinically amenable LVO in patients with moderate to severe ischemic stroke. Use of the TAMPA scale to identify high probability mechanical embolectomy candidates for direct transfer to the angiosuite could potentially reduce revascularization times and increase treatment rates.

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