Isolation and Virulence of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) Isolates from Hibernated Ostrinia nubilalis (Hb.) and Sesamia cretica Led. from Maize Stalks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 549-553
Author(s):  
M. El-Sheikh ◽  
I. El-Shami
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Sesamia Cretica ◽  
Maize Stalks

Appearance of microfungi in maize stalks due to injuries caused by the European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
F. Pál-Fám ◽  
Z. Varga ◽  
S. Keszthelyi
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Mitosporic Fungi ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Maize Stalks

A better understanding of the relationships between insects and microfungi could help to identify the unknown factors reducing yields in maize. As the first step in current research, the aim was to isolate the microfungal species that can be found in the larval cavity of the European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. Lepidoptera. Pyraustidae ) (ECB), one of the most important insect pests of maize. In this way, the scale of potential phytopathogens spread by intermediate hosts could be reduced.Fifty stalk sections damaged by ECB larvae were collected in autumn and fifty in spring on a 20-hectare plot in Ráksi (Somogy county). These were placed in wet chambers and incubated at room temperature under natural light. Identification was done from a pure culture inoculated into potato dextrose agar. Twenty-one species from 14 fungus genera were identified, the majority of which were mitosporic fungi. Species belonging to the Fusarium, Acremoniella and Cladosporium genera were predominant. Most of the species were saprotrophic, though some phytopathogenic species ( Gibberella, Colletotrichum, Nigrospora and Fusarium ) were also identified. The number of genera and the incidence of fungi were much higher in spring samples than in autumn ones, except for Fusarium , where incidence was lower in spring. It was found that failing to harvest the maize significantly enhanced the spread of several fungus species, especially phytopathogenic species, the following year, thereby serving as a source of infection.

A PHENOLOGY MODEL AND FIELD EVALUATION OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS.) VUILLEMIN (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) MYCOSIS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HBN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziding Feng ◽  
Raymond I. Carruthers ◽  
Timothy S. Larkin ◽  
Donald W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Phenology Model ◽  
Validation Experiments

AbstractA simulation model was developed to predict the timing of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), larval mortality following exposure to Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin conidia. Model response was compared with laboratory and field data collected specifically for model validation. In laboratory validation experiments, four conidial doses of a B. bassiana isolate collected from the People’s Republic of China were applied to European corn borer larvae which were then incubated at fluctuating temperatures. Simulation results compared favorably with fungal development and mycosis under laboratory conditions. Field validation experiments showed that applications of B. bassiana to European corn borer neonates in whorl-stage corn resulted in mortality levels over 60% when conidia and European corn borers were placed on the plants on the same day. When B. bassiana conidia were placed on plants prior to European corn borers, mortality decreased linearly with time. Model predictions of the timing of European corn borer mortality were found to be accurate when B. bassiana conidia were placed on corn plants at the same time or prior to European corn borers. When European corn borers were placed on plants prior to conidia, the model underestimated the time to European corn borer death. Lack of model fit in this situation is thought to be due to delayed host and pathogen interactions on the corn plant rather than poor prediction of the physiological development of the disease.

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