THE SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SATISFYING NEEDS OF CHILDREN AT RISK IN CENTERS OF DIURNAL CARE - A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN URBAN AREAS AND RURAL AREAS

Does civic participation lead to a large social network? This study claims that high levels of civic participation may obstruct individual social embeddedness. Using survey data from the German Survey on Volunteering (Deutscher Freiwilligensurvey; 1999–2009), this study conducts macro- as well as multi-level regressions to examine the link between civic participation and social embeddedness. Findings reveal that civic participation on the sub-national regional level is not generally associated with social embeddedness, but it affects the participants’ and non-participants’ possibilities for friendships differently. This holds especially true in urban areas, but the effect cannot be found in rural areas. The analysis has implications for further research to enhance the social embeddedness of the excluded.

Download Full-text

Description of a pharmacist-led clinical video telehealth group clinic for opioid overdose prevention and naloxone education

Mental Health Clinician ◽

10.9740/mhc.2019.07.294 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 294-297

Author(s):

Aimee N. Jensen ◽

Candace M. Beam ◽

Amber R. Douglass ◽

Jennifer E. Brabson ◽

Michelle Colvard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

High Risk ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Opioid Overdose ◽

Overdose Prevention ◽

Innovative Practice ◽

Risk Patients ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract To achieve the nationwide goal of reducing opioid-related deaths, a clinical pharmacy specialist–led clinical video telehealth (CVT) clinic was created at a Veterans Affairs medical center (VAMC) to deliver opioid overdose prevention and naloxone education to at-risk patients. The purpose of this innovative practice was to improve access to this potentially life-saving intervention to patients across urban and rural areas. This study is a single-center, descriptive analysis of adult patients across 2 VAMC campuses and 4 community-based outpatient clinics from July 11, 2016, through December 31, 2016. The purpose of this innovative practice was to increase access to overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) to at-risk patients across urban and rural areas. Patient-specific factors were also examined among those receiving naloxone through the CVT clinic compared to other prescribers. During the first 6 months from the initiation of the clinic, 1 pharmacist prescribed 21% of the health care system's naloxone. These patients identified by the pharmacist-led CVT clinic were more likely to be considered high-risk due to concomitant use of opioids and benzodiazepines. In conclusion, the pharmacist-led CVT group clinic has been an efficient strategy to extend OEND services to high-risk patients beyond central, urban areas.

Download Full-text

A Study of the Understated Violence Within Social Contexts Against Adolescent Girls

Journal of Education Culture and Society ◽

10.15503/jecs20172.29.41 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 29-41

Author(s):

Shivangi Nigam ◽

Niranjana Soperna

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Social Issues ◽

Well Being ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Social Contexts ◽

The Social ◽

The Difference ◽

The Individual

Violence against women is linked to their disadvantaged position in the society. It is rooted in unequal power relationships between men and women in society and is a global problem which is not limited to a specific group of women in society. An adolescent girl’s life is often accustomed to the likelihood of violence, and acts of violence exert additional power over girls because the stigma of violence often attaches more to a girl than to the perpetrator. The experience of violence is distressing at the individual emotional and physical level. The field of research and programmes for adolescent girls has traditionally focused on sexuality, reproductive health, and behaviour, neglecting the broader social issues that underpin adolescent girls’ human rights, overall development, health, and well-being. This paper is an endeavour to address the understated or disguised form of violence which the adolescent girls experience within the social contexts. The parameters exposed under this research had been ignored to a large extent when it comes to studying the dimension of violence under the social domain. Hence, the researchers attempted to explore this camouflaged form of violence and discovered some specific parameters such as: Diminished Self Worth and Esteem, Verbal Abuse, Menstruation Taboo and Social Rigidity, Negligence of Medical and Health Facilities and Complexion- A Prime Parameter for Judging Beauty. The study was conducted in the districts of Haryana (India) where personal interviews were taken from both urban and rural adolescent girls (aged 13 to 19 years) based on a structured interview schedule. The results revealed that the adolescent girls, both in urban as well as rural areas were quite affected with the above mentioned issues. In urban areas, however, due to the higher literacy rate, which resulted in more rational thinking, the magnitude was comparatively smaller, but the difference was still negligible.

Download Full-text

Social Progress Index for Urban and Rural Areas of a Region: Evidence from Peru

Statistika: Statistics and Economy Journal ◽

10.54694/stat.2021.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 101 (4) ◽

pp. 422-435

Author(s):

Maylee Inga-Hancco ◽

Adamari Indigoyen-Porras ◽

Sergio Parra-Alarcón ◽

Juan Cerrón-Aliaga ◽

Wagner Vicente-Ramos

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Well Being ◽

Social Progress ◽

Economic Policies ◽

Human Needs ◽

Middle Range ◽

The Social ◽

Global Organization ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

The present study describes the methodological process proposed by the Social Progress Imperative Global Organization to calculate the Social Progress Index in urban and rural areas of the province of Huancayo, Peru, in 2020. The survey was based on 229 observations regarding basic human needs, foundations of well-being and opportunities. The result produced an index of 56.04 for urban areas and 53.98 for rural areas; results that are in the low and low middle range respectively, identifying deficiencies in the quality of economic policies, with respect to the sanitation service, where more than 30% do not have access to drinking water, and others. It was concluded that the index showed no improvement with respect to 2019, likewise the social gaps still persist and the well-being of the aforementioned population was not increased.

Download Full-text

The nutrition transition in Mexico 1988–2016: the role of wealth in the social patterning of obesity by education

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018001167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (13) ◽

pp. 2394-2401 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Carolina Pérez-Ferrer ◽

Anne McMunn ◽

Paola Zaninotto ◽

Eric J Brunner

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Education Level ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Social ◽

Lower Education ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigates whether the reversal of the social gradient in obesity, defined as a cross-over to higher obesity prevalence among groups with lower education level, has occurred among men and women in urban and rural areas of Mexico.DesignCross-sectional series of nationally representative surveys (1988, 1999, 2006, 2012 and 2016). The association between education and obesity was investigated over the period 1988–2016. Effect modification of the education–obesity association by household wealth was tested.SettingMexico.SubjectsWomen (n 54 816) and men (n 20 589) aged 20–49 years.ResultsIn both urban and rural areas, the association between education and obesity in women varied by level of household wealth in the earlier surveys (1988, 1999 and 2006; interaction P<0·001). In urban areas in 1988, one level lower education was associated (prevalence ratio; 95 % CI) with 45 % higher obesity prevalence among the richest women (1·45; 1·24, 1·69), whereas among the poorest the same education difference was protective (0·84; 0·72, 0·99). In the latest surveys (2012, 2016), higher education was protective across all wealth groups. Among men, education level was not associated with obesity in urban areas; there was a direct association in rural areas. Wealth did not modify the association between education and obesity.ConclusionThe reversal of the educational gradient in obesity among women occurred once a threshold level of household wealth was reached. Among men, there was no evidence of a reversal of the gradient. Policies must not lose sight of the populations most vulnerable to the obesogenic environment.

Download Full-text

A Comparative Study of Planned and Spontaneous Gentrification Processes

Open House International ◽

10.1108/ohi-04-2014-b0004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 28-41

Author(s):

Mehmet Emin Şalgamcıoğlu ◽

Alper Ünlü

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Social Geography ◽

Urban Land ◽

Social Diversity ◽

Architectural Pattern ◽

Cultural Transformations ◽

Process Characterization ◽

The Social

This study compared the gentrification processes in Cihangir and Tarlabasi. The dynamics of the gentrification process in Cihangir is compared with the vastly different gentrification process in Tarlabasi. Interpretations of gentrification are also included in this paper. The study analyzed the dynamics of the gentrification process in Cihangir, Istanbul (Turkey) to determine the extent of change during the process. Characterization of the Cihangir neighborhood, which distinguishes Cihangir from other gentrified urban areas, is another aspect of this study. The transformation of Cihangir is currently underway; it involves the revolution and renovation of land and buildings, which is known as gentrification. The gentrification process in Cihangir is affected by socio-economic and socio-cultural transformations. This paper examines gentrification in the Cihangir neighborhood, which has occurred spontaneously and supports the perpetuation of social diversity, which occurs in many urban areas. Although Istanbul’s Tarlabasi region exhibits geophysical characteristics that resemble the geophysical characteristics of Cihangir, Tarlabasi is affected by a completely different gentrification process, which is known as planned gentrification. In the context of this study, scholars question whether gentrification is “erasing the social geography of urban land and unique architectural pattern,” or if gentrification represents “the upgrading and renaissance of the urban land.” (Smith, 1996)

Download Full-text

Between Othering and solidarity: crisis intervention with children at risk

Radical Hope ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447354895.003.0017 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 215-228

Author(s):

Michal Krumer-Nevo

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Young Children ◽

Social Worker ◽

Crisis Intervention ◽

Children At Risk ◽

The Third ◽

The Social

The third chapter of Part Four of the book tells the story of a social worker who came to an apartment following a complaint from the neighbours that young children had been left there on their own only to discover that the apartment was flooded with sewage. The response of the social worker is analysed as an example of a ‘standing against’ position. The possibility of standing by is presented in the chapter as a tentative choice.

Download Full-text

Design of a Development Index for Spanish Municipalities

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12218910 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (21) ◽

pp. 8910

Author(s):

Ana Nieto Masot ◽

Gema Cárdenas Alonso ◽

Ángela Engelmo Moriche

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Principal Component ◽

Point Of View ◽

Development Index ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Economic Diversity ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Social ◽

New Variables

Currently, the demographic vacuum and poor development suffered by most areas of Spain are some of the most worrying issues from a territorial point of view, which is why this study is necessary. In this paper, the objective is to create a Development Index with which to study the different realities of rural and urban spaces through demographic and socioeconomic variables of the Spanish municipalities. Principal Component Analysis is carried out, with whose results the index has been prepared. This is then explored with a Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis. The results show that most developed Spanish municipalities and most of the population are concentrated in coastal areas and in the main cities of the country. In opposition, there are interior rural areas with less developed municipalities at risk of disappearance due to their increasing ages and levels of depopulation. Thus, in this paper, new variables and methods are used in the study of the social and economic diversity of rural and urban areas, verifying the inequality that still exists between both.

Download Full-text

Development of the Smaller Local Communities in Slovenia Depends on the School as the Socio-Cultural Center

Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.5539/jsd.v8n9p218 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Janko Mursak ◽

Jasna Mazgon

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Social Life ◽

Local Community ◽

Primary Role ◽

Cultural Center ◽

Local Schools ◽

Local Environments ◽

The Social

The local schools have always been the centers of the cultural and social life of the Slovenian communities. Functioning as a socio-cultural center of the local community, the school greatly surpassed its primary role of providing education to children. The process of urbanization that reached rural areas as well as the secularization of lifestyles brought about very interesting changes to the previously expanded function of local schools. In the research study we conducted in 2014 and 2015 we examined how contemporary schools perceive the need for collaboration and participation in their local environments. The results of qualitative analysis indicate that merging or closing of local schools could have negative demographic and socio-cultural consequences. Furthermore, the analysis has also revealed the underused potential of the localities lacking tradition, such as new urban areas where the school could be the crucial element in the social organization of the local community.

Download Full-text