EFFECT OF SUMMER PRUNING AND MAGNESIUM SPRAY ON THE MICROCLIMATE AND BERRY QUALITY OF FLAME SEEDLESS GRAPEVINES AND CARBOHYDRATE EXPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 272-289
Keyword(s):  
Berry Quality

scholarly journals Urea-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Sustainable Nitrogen Nanofertilizers for Viticulture: Implications on Yield and Quality of Pinot Gris Grapevines

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Federica Gaiotti ◽  
Marco Lucchetta ◽  
Giacomo Rodegher ◽  
Daniel Lorenzoni ◽  
Edoardo Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles

In recent years, the application of nanotechnology for the development of new “smart fertilizers” is regarded as one of the most promising solutions for boosting a more sustainable and modern grapevine cultivation. Despite showing interesting potential benefits over conventional fertilization practices, the use of nanofertilizers in viticulture is still underexplored. In this work, we investigated the effectiveness of non-toxic calcium phosphate nanoparticles (Ca3(PO4)2∙nH2O) doped with urea (U-ACP) as a nitrogen source for grapevine fertilization. Plant tests were performed for two years (2019–2020) on potted adult Pinot gris cv. vines grown under semi-controlled conditions. Four fertilization treatments were compared: N1: commercial granular fertilization (45 kg N ha−1); N2: U-ACP applied in fertigation (36 kg N ha−1); N3: foliar application of U-ACP (36 kg N ha−1); C: control, receiving no N fertilization. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD), yield parameters as well as those of berry quality were analyzed. Results here presented clearly show the capability of vine plants to recognize and use the nitrogen supplied with U-ACP nanoparticles either when applied foliarly or to the soil. Moreover, all of the quali–quantitative parameters measured in vine plants fed with nanoparticles were perfectly comparable to those of plants grown in conventional condition, despite the restrained dosage of nitrogen applied with the nanoparticles. Therefore, these results provide both clear evidence of the efficacy of U-ACP nanoparticles as a nitrogen source and the basis for the development of alternative nitrogen fertilization strategies, optimizing the dosage/benefit ratio and being particularly interesting in a context of a more sustainable and modern viticulture.

scholarly journals Variability assessment of productivity traits and quality of berries in the genetic collection of garden strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) in the Orenburg region

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
E V Aminova ◽  
R R Salimova ◽  
O E Merezhko
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Productivity Potential

Abstract Nowadays the study of the interrelation of the genotype of strawberry plants in garden and climatic conditions is extremely relevant. Due to the various systems of genetic control and the modifying effects of growing conditions on the manifestation of quantitative traits, there is the need to assess the genotypic variability of economically valuable features, focused on the identification of genotypes characterized by stability and adaptive qualities in growing conditions. The study examined 15 varieties of garden strawberries of domestic and foreign selection. The field experiments and surveys were carried out according to the Program generally accepted in the Russian Federation and methodology for the variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. We studied such features as the number of peduncles (pcs/bush), number of berries (pcs/bush), average weight of berries (g), total and marketable yield (g/bush), sugar content in berries, soluble solids and ascorbic acid. The purpose of this work was to assess the genotype-year interrelation in terms of the variability of productivity features and berry quality and to identify strawberry varieties with a stable genotype. As a result of two-way analysis of variance for the variety-year interrelation, the obtained values were 1.10-8.50 at standard Fst. - 1.24. Statistically important differences had indicators of productivity of a bush between the first and second clusters (t = 5.89 at p <0.01), the first and third (t = 15.83 at p <0.01), the second and third clusters (t = 8.13 at p <0.01), as well as the average berry weight between the first and third, second and third clusters (t = 15.50 and 6.99 at p <0.01, respectively). Significant differences in the value of the Euclidean distance were revealed for varieties Mishutka (54.5), Daryonka (54.5), Pervoklassnitsa (58) realizing their productivity potential in different years of cultivation.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar application of sida compound fertilizer on growth, yield, and fruit chemical composition of ‘early superior’ grapevine

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Rahman M.A. Mohamed ◽  
Faruk H. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Moawd A. Mohamed ◽  
Ali Gobara
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Berry Quality

ABSTRACT This experiment aimed at studying the effect of Sida Compound fertilizer containing seaweed extract, natural fertilizers, growth promoters and micronutrients in chelated form on growth, yield and berry quality of table grape ‘Early Superior’. Foliar application of Sida Compound at concentration 0.05 to 0.20%, three times in a season increased shoot length, leaf area and content of N, P and K in the leaves as well as total soluble solids and total sugar contents in fruits. Yield of fruits increased by 29 and 14%, depending on the season.

scholarly journals 059 EFFECTS OF CALCIUM SPRAYS ON HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY QUALITY

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 436d-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Product ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Berry Quality

The effects of multiple calcium (Ca) sprays on berry quality of mature `Bluecrop' plants was tested for two seasons. In 1992, treatments supplied a total of 0, 1.0, 1.9 or 3.8 kg Ca/ha, in five applications between 18 June and 16 July. Calcium was applied as CaCl2. Concentrations for the highest rate ranged from 0.08% Ca in the first spray to 0.2% in the last. In 1993, treatments included a control, 12.1 kg Ca/ha applied as CaCl2, 24.2 kg Ca as CaCl2, and 12.1 kg Ca as the commercial product Nutrical (CSI Chem., Bondurant, IA). Seven sprays were applied between 4 June and 16 July, using concentrations of 0.1% to 0.4% Ca. Treatments had no effect on the percentage of soft or rotten berries, berry firmness, or Ca concentrations in berries in either year. Leaf Ca levels were increased slightly by higher application rates.

scholarly journals Fertility and Other Characteristics of F1 and Backcross1 Progeny from an Intersectional Blueberry Cross [(highbush cultivar × Vaccinium arboreum) × highbush cultivar]

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Lyrene
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Plant Characteristics

Fertility and morphological traits were studied in the F1 and BC1 generations of intersectional crosses between tetraploid highbush blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium section Cyanococcus) and colchicine-induced tetraploid V. arboreum (Vaccinium section Batodendron). The goal of the introgression project was to combine desirable plant characteristics from V. arboreum with the large fruit and high fruit quality of highbush cultivars. Highbush × V. arboreum crosses were hard to make, but large numbers of BC1 seedlings were easily obtained using the most fertile F1 plants as parents in backcrosses to highbush. Anther awns, a character from V. arboreum, were present in all F1 seedlings, but fruit sclerids, another V. arboreum trait, were absent in most seedlings. Berry size in the BC1 generation was twice as large as in the F1 generation and was twice as large in the F1 as in V. arboreum. The BC1 generation was extremely variable in vigor and berry quality. Although berries of most BC1 plants were smaller, darker, and less desirable in texture and flavor than highbush berries, the high fertility of BC1 plants and the high variability among plants indicate that useful clones could be selected or developed by further breeding.

scholarly journals Soil reflectance and colouring of grape. Vine red light excitation could be decisive for grape berry quality

OENO One ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Robin ◽  
François-Xavier Sauvage ◽  
Martine Pradal ◽  
Marc Chovelon
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Grape Vine ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Light Excitation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Conventional Systems

<p style="text-align: justify;">Various conditions of vine « solarisation » with sun light reflecting clothes partially colored in blue, green or red, were performed in field conditions during 1998 and 1999 years.The experiments were conducted both on table grapes (Muscat de Hambourg , Italia and Danuta) and on wine grapes varieties (Carignane, Mourvèdre, Shiraz, Muscat à petits grains). The « solarisation » clothes were set up at the cluster closure stage and removed at the harvest time. Effect of various experimental conditions on changes <em>in situ</em> berry colour was examined. The chromatic parameters using the Lab and LCH conventional systems were weekly measured on representative berry samples, and levels of significance of the obtained differences were determined by a variance analysis. Differences in the colouring dynamics and in the values of the chromatic parameters at harvest were statistically significant, in particular in function of the importance of the reflecting area set up per vinestock and also in function of the color of the reflecting cloth used. The results were compared to those obtained from various other analyses : reflectance spectra and composition of berries at harvest, tastings of the table grapes. As a main result, the red colour with a maximum of reflectance at 680 nm appeared as the more effective in improving quality of the berries. These results demonstrate the importance of the reflectance properties of the neighbours of the vine, in particular those of the soil of the parcel, on the composition and the quality of the grape. Moreover, they underline that these properties should be taken in account to explain some misunderstood terroir effects. Finally, they strongly suggest that the excitation of vine photoreceptor systems, specially with the clear red light, could be decisive in the signaling and regulatory mechanisms leading to an optimal ripeness of the grape.</p>

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Vitis Hybrid `Suwannee' as Affected by Training System and Pruning Severity

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-368
Author(s):  
Peter C. Andersen ◽  
Charles A. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Specific Number ◽  
Combined Data

The influence of bilateral cordon (BC) and cane training systems and level of pruning severity on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Vitis hybrid `Suwannee' were determined from 1987 to 1989. In 1987, yield and quality were similar on BC- and cane-trained vines. In 1988, shoot count, yield, and quality were similar regardless of training system and pruning severity (50, 70, or 90 nodes per vine). When data from both training systems were combined, yield was related to the number of shoots. Vines pruned more severely compensated by producing more shoots from non-count (non-node) positions on the canes, cordon, or spurs. Similarly, in 1989 yield and berry quality were not affected by training system or levels of pruning severity (50, 70, 90, or 110 nodes), although berry weight was affected by training system, and shoot count and shoot length were affected by level of pruning severity. Interactive effects of training system and pruning level were not significant in either year. An analysis of combined data for 1989 indicated that yield was affected by the number of nodes and shoots. Thus, `Suwannee' may be trained to the BC system, which is more readily adapted to mechanization. Pruning to a specific number of nodes per vine was not critical.

scholarly journals Potential quality of grapes: basis of a practical estimation model

OENO One ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Alain Carbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Practical Model ◽  
General Experience

<p style="text-align: justify;">The agrometeorological model of potential grape berry sugar content joined to the carbon balance model of the triptych « Exposed Leaf Area – Dry Matter Production or Yield – Vigour », with the consideration of moderate water limitation standards and the general experience of berry maturity, lead to the proposal of a practical model for evaluating the potential grape berry quality useful for training vineyards.</p>

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