scholarly journals EFFECT OF PHOTOPERIODS AND SEX RATIO ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF JAPANESE QUAIL

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-309
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Reproductive Performance

The Relation between the Hatching Time and the Sex-ratio in Japanese Quail

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
Kenji Ichinoe ◽  
Osamu Yamamuro ◽  
Shozo Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Hatching Time

Akodon molinae (Rodentia Cricetidae), a new laboratory animal: breeding, management and reproductive performance

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Susana Merani ◽  
Marta Susana Lizarralde
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Sex Ratio At Birth ◽  
Breeding Management ◽  
Laboratory Colony

Akodon molinae, a vole mouse widely distributed in central Argentina, shows remarkable chromosome polymorphisms. It is one of the natural reservoirs of the actiologic agent of haemorrhagic fever, and a laboratory colony could be of great help in investigating this disease. Pregnancy lasted 23 (range 21-25) days. Litters of 4-5 young were born to monogamous breeding pairs about every 30 days, with weaning at 26 days post partum. The sex ratio at birth was 505 males to 500 females: at weaning it was 460 to 440. Sexual maturity was attained at about 16 weeks of age in males and 12-20 weeks in females. Akodon molinae is easy to handle, but fighting and killing or neglect of young are problems.

scholarly journals The density of females of Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) affects their reproductive performance on pupae of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio F. Pereira ◽  
José C. Zanuncio ◽  
José E. Serrão ◽  
Teresinha V. Zanuncio ◽  
Dirceu Pratissoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Bombyx Mori L

Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a gregarious and polyphagous parasitoid mainly of Lepidoptera pupae. The objective of this paper as to study the developent of parasitoid on Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) pupae exposed to one, nine, 18, 27, 36, 45 or 54 female P. elaeisis, respectively. The females of the parasitoid remained in contact with pupae for 24 hours in glass tubes (14.0 x 2.2 cm), packed in a climatic chamber regulated at 25 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and photo phase of 12 hours. With the exception of density 1:1 (72.72%), in other densities parasitism was 100%. Adults of P. elaeisis did not emerge from pupae at densities of 1:1 and 9:1, but 100.0% of parasitoid emergence was observed at the density of 45:1 and 54.54% at 54:1. The duration of the life cycle of this parasitoid ranged from 20 to 28 days. P. elaeisis produced 49 to 589 descendants per pupa of B. mori. The sex ratio of P. elaeisis ranged from 0.93 ± 0.01 to 0.97 ± 0.01 without differences with 18, 27, 36, 45 and 54 females/host. This parasitoid should be reared with the density of 45 females per pupa of B. mori.

The sex ratio of a gilt’s birth litter can affect her fitness as a breeding female

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Seyfang ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood ◽  
A. J. Tilbrook ◽  
C. R. Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Welfare Issue ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Uterine Environment ◽  
Animal Welfare Issue ◽  
Selection Of

Lifetime reproductive performance and behaviour are established in utero driven by genetics and the steroidal milieu of the uterine environment. Developing males synthesise androgens that can be absorbed by females in the litter. Consequently, the proportion of males in a litter has the potential to affect both lifetime reproductive performance and behaviour of female littermates. Although reproductive potential is understandably important for gilt selection, behaviour is becoming progressively more important as group housing of sows increases. Aggression can be a cause for removal from the breeding herd, and can also negatively affect reproductive performance and herd longevity. This review covers existing evidence of masculinisation in rodents and sheep, the mechanism causing masculinisation, and the knowledge gaps surrounding masculinisation in pigs. Premature culling of gilts is an economic and animal welfare issue in the pork industry resulting in low retention of gilts and reduced productivity. The selection of gilts needs to be improved to incorporate both lifetime reproductive potential and behaviour. We determined that there is cause to investigate the effect of the birth litter sex ratio of a gilt on her suitability for selection into the breeding herd.

Operational sex ratio and paternal age sway mating and reproductive performance in Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-310
Author(s):  
Swati Saxena ◽  
Geetanjali Mishra ◽  
Omkar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Operational Sex Ratio ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Older Males

AbstractOperational sex ratio and paternal age are known to independently affect mating behaviour and reproductive performance. We conducted experiments to assess the effects of operational sex ratio and paternal age on mating, reproduction, and total development duration of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Three male-biased sex ratios, no (1:1), modest (1:2), and extreme (1:5) competition treatments, were formed using young, middle-aged, and old males. The reproductive performance of M. sexmaculatus at all ages under extreme competition (1:5) surpassed the other two treatments. More competition among males decreased the time of commencement of mating and increased the duration of copulation. Females laid a greater number of eggs in extreme competition treatments. The operational sex ratio (irrespective of age) had no significant effect on the total developmental duration of offspring. Among different age groups, older males took more time to commence mating and mated for longer durations in all the sex ratio treatments. The number of eggs in the first clutch was lowest when females were mated with older males with increased offspring development duration. Thus, it can be concluded that male-biased sex ratio elevates the performance of M. sexmaculatus. Among different age groups, older males were poor performers than young and middle-aged males.

A quantitative assessment of the reproductive biology of Cyclonaias tuberculata (Bivalvia: Unionidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Haggerty ◽  
Jeffrey T. Garner ◽  
George H. Patterson ◽  
Lannis C. Jones Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tennessee River ◽  
Early Fall

Two hundred and thirty-three purple wartyback unionids (Cyclonaias tuberculata) were collected approximately monthly over a 31-month period from Kentucky Reservoir (Tennessee river mile 201.3), Tennessee, between August 1988 and February 1991. An equal sex ratio and only one case of hermaphroditism were discovered. Histological examinations showed that spermatogenesis and oogenesis occurred throughout the year except during late summer and early fall. "Typical" spermatogenesis was most evident between May and July. Spawning occurred between early spring (March–April) and late summer (August). Brooding variation among females was shown by the presence of embryos in the suprabranchial chambers and gills between early April and late August. Brooding was short term, as indicated by mature larvae being found in the outer demibranchs between early July and late August. Full demibranchs were never found, possibly indicating that the study took place during years of poor reproductive performance.

Effect of vitamin E on reproductive function in the mice treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin*

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Xu ◽  
YP Yin ◽  
XQ Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Experimental Group

The study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E on reproductive performance in mice treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The 75 female and 40 male mice were randomly assigned into five groups. The levels of both TCDD and vitamin E given by gavage were 0 and 0 (Control group), 100 and 0 (experimental group I), 100 and 20 (experimental group II), 100 and 100 (experimental group III), and 100 ng/kg/day and 500 mg/kg/day (experimental group IV), respectively. Males and females were mixed to mate at the ratio of 1:2 after 4-week experiment. The gavage treatments were continued until the end of gestation in female mice after mating. The results showed that the litter number, survival rate, and body weight at birth of offspring in experimental group I had significantly decreased, and the females’ pregnancy rate and pup sex ratio in experimental group I had the decreasing tendencies when compared with the control group. The litter number in experimental group III, survival rate in experimental group II and III, body weight at birth in experimental group III and IV exhibited significant increase compared with experimental group I. The female pregnancy rate in both experimental group III and IV recovered to 100%, but there were no significant differences when compared with experimental group I. The pups’ sex ratio had a gradually increasing tendency with increase of vitamin E level, but there was no significant difference among experimental group I–IV. The results suggest that TCDD could induce reproductive toxicity in mice, whereas vitamin E alleviated adverse effects on reproductive performance in mice caused by TCDD.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ronidazole on Reproductive Performance of Japanese Quail

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-979
Author(s):  
W.C.Y. Yu ◽  
J.C. Gilbreath
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Reproductive Performance
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