scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Bread Wheat Genotypes Based on Heat Tolerance and SSR Markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-55
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Discovery of miRNAs and Development of Heat-Responsive miRNA-SSR Markers for Characterization of Wheat Germplasm for Terminal Heat Tolerance Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Sihag ◽  
Vijeta Sagwal ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Priyanka Balyan ◽  
Reyazul Rouf Mir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Wheat Germplasm ◽  
Heat Tolerant

A large proportion of the Asian population fulfills their energy requirements from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat quality and yield are critically affected by the terminal heat stress across the globe. It affects approximately 40% of the wheat-cultivating regions of the world. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop improved terminal heat-tolerant wheat varieties. Marker-assisted breeding with genic simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers have been used for developing terminal heat-tolerant wheat varieties; however, only few studies involved the use of microRNA (miRNA)-based SSR markers (miRNA-SSRs) in wheat, which were found as key players in various abiotic stresses. In the present study, we identified 104 heat-stress-responsive miRNAs reported in various crops. Out of these, 70 miRNA-SSR markers have been validated on a set of 20 terminal heat-tolerant and heat-susceptible wheat genotypes. Among these, only 19 miRNA-SSR markers were found to be polymorphic, which were further used to study the genetic diversity and population structure. The polymorphic miRNA-SSRs amplified 61 SSR loci with an average of 2.9 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value of polymorphic miRNA-SSRs ranged from 0.10 to 0.87 with a mean value of 0.48. The dendrogram constructed using unweighted neighbor-joining method and population structure analysis clustered these 20 wheat genotypes into 3 clusters. The target genes of these miRNAs are involved either directly or indirectly in providing tolerance to heat stress. Furthermore, two polymorphic markers miR159c and miR165b were declared as very promising diagnostic markers, since these markers showed specific alleles and discriminated terminal heat-tolerant genotypes from the susceptible genotypes. Thus, these identified miRNA-SSR markers will prove useful in the characterization of wheat germplasm through the study of genetic diversity and population structural analysis and in wheat molecular breeding programs aimed at terminal heat tolerance of wheat varieties.

scholarly journals Investigation of Genetic Diversity in Afghan Bread Wheat Genotypes Using SSR and AFLP Markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bahman Sadeqi ◽  
Said Dadshani ◽  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Gul Mohammad Ajir
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Diversity Assessment

Genetic diversity assessment is the principle component for conservation and characterization of germplasm. Genetic diversity study of Afghan bread wheat genotypes is a first step to identify and to select high performance genotypes and distribute to wheat breeding programs. The main objective of this study is to investigate of genetic diversity in 35 Afghan bread wheat genotypes by using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. DNA extraction according to Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method was conducted and the total genomic DNA was isolated from each variety. Sixty-four SSR primer markers were used and eighteen EcoRI+(N)/MseI+(N) primer combinations with their primer sequences were used for selective polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Every SSR and AFLP fragment was scored as present (1) or absent (0) within all genotypes under study. Marker/ Value ratio of pairwise genetic distance between genotypes according to the SSRs data was from 0.508 to 0.691 with an average distance of 0.599. Relatively different grouping pattern in comparison to AFLP data observed through cluster analysis. Both types of molecular markers (AFLP and SSR) used in this research proved to be suitable for investigating genetic diversity in the genotypes of Afghan bread wheat, however, AFLP markers gave better view of genetically relationships among genotypes than the SSR markers. The grouping generated by AFLP data showed a special agreement with the origin regions of genotypes (Ariana-07 and Mazar-99 originating from the north of Afghanistan, Lalmi-03 and Kabul-02. Large number of DNA bands identified with AFLP markers might provide a better estimation of genetic similarity than those of SSR markers.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Domestic and Introduced Wheats

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Martina Hudcovicová ◽  
Katarína Ondreičková ◽  
Pavol Hauptvogel ◽  
Ján Kraic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Average Gene Diversity ◽  
Average Gene

Abstract A set of 33 wheat EST-SSR markers was designed and 18 from them were polymorphic and used for assessment of genetic diversity within 36 introduced genotypes of hexaploid bread wheat. Altogether 105 alleles were detected, in average 3.18 alleles per locus. Maximum number of alleles 14 was detected at the locus TDI389708. Five the most polymorphic markers were used for the evaluation and comparison of genetic variation within 46 domestic (Slovak) wheat genotypes and 36 introduced (foreign) wheat genotypes. The number of alleles per used primer pair within domestic genotypes varied from 7 to 19, with an average of 13.2 alleles, an average gene diversity 0.846 and PIC 0.980 per locus. The number of alleles per primer within introduced genotypes varied from 7 to 14, with an average of 10.8 alleles, an average gene diversity 0.780 and PIC 0.958 per locus. The level of polymorphism in EST- SSRs was sufficient for discrimination between genotypes and variation within domestic genotypes was slightly higher than in introduced genotypes. Variation revealed by 5 selected EST-SSR markers clustered genotypes according to origin. Domestic and introduced wheats were grouped distinctly into two separate groups.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY FOR HEAT TOLERANCE IN SOME BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER UPPER EGYPT CONDITIONS

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1463-1480
Author(s):  
MORES B. TAWFELIS ◽  
KAMAL A. KHIERALLA ◽  
MOHAMED A. EL MORSHIDY ◽  
YOUSSEF M. FELTAOUS
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Evaluation of genetic diversity among bread wheat varieties and landraces of Pakistan by SSR markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Iqbal ◽  
A. Tabasum ◽  
H. Sayed ◽  
A. Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Wheat Varieties

scholarly journals Genetic variations, heritability, heat tolerance indices and correlations studies for traits of bread wheat genotypes under high temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-686
Author(s):  
Elfadil Mohamed Elbashier ◽  
Elfadil Mohammed Eltayeb Elbashier ◽  
Siddig Esa Idris2 ◽  
Wuletaw Tadesse ◽  
Izzat S.A. Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Tolerance Indices

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to study the genetic variability, heritability, heat tolerance indices and phenotypic and genotypic correlation studies for traits of 250 elite International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) bread wheat genotypes under high temperature in Wad Medani, Center in Sudan.Design/methodology/approachBread wheat is an important food on a global level and is used in the form of different products. High temperature associated with climate change is considered to be a detrimental stress in the future on world wheat production. A total of 10,250 bread wheat genotypes selected from different advanced yield trials introduction from ICARDA and three checks including were grown in two sowing dates (SODs) (1st and 2nd) 1st SOD heat stress and 2nd SOD non-stress at the Gezira Research Farm, of the Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan.FindingsAn alpha lattice design with two replications was used to assess the presence of phenotypic and genotypic variations of different traits, indices for heat stress and heat tolerance for 20 top genotypes and phenotypic and genotypic correlations. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters. A wide range, 944-4,016 kg/ha in the first SOD and 1,192-5,120 kg/ha in the second SOD, was found in grain yield. The average yield on the first SOD is less than that of the secondnd SOD by 717.7 kg/ha, as the maximum and minimum temperatures were reduced by 3ºC each in the second SOD when compared to the first SOD of the critical stage of crop growth shown.Research limitations/implicationsSimilar wide ranges were found in all morpho-physiological traits studied. High heritability in a broad sense was estimated for days to heading and maturity. Moderate heritability estimates found for grain yield ranged from 44 to 63.6 per cent, biomass ranged from 37.8 to 49.1 per cent and canopy temperature (CT) after heading ranged from 44.2 to 48 per cent for the first and secondnd SODs. The top 20 genotypes are better than the better check in the two sowing dates and seven genotypes (248, 139, 143, 27, 67, 192 and 152) were produced high grain yield under both 1st SOD and 2nd SOD.Practical implicationsThe same genotypes in addition to Imam (check) showed smaller tolerance (TOL) values, indicating that these genotypes had a smaller yield reduction under heat-stressed conditions and that they showed a higher heat stress susceptibility index (SSI). A smaller TOL and a higher SSI are favored. Both phenotypic and genotypic correlations of grain yield were positively and significantly correlated with biomass, harvest index, number of spikes/m2, number of seeds/spike and days to heading and maturity in both SODs and negatively and significantly correlated with canopy temperature before and after heading in both SODs.Originality/valueGenetic variations, heritability, heat tolerance indices and correlation studies for traits of bread wheat genotypes under high temperature

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