scholarly journals Patterns of Associated Injuries in Patients with Mild/Moderate Head Injuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Olubunmi Emmanuel Odeyemi ◽  
Chiamaka Bianca Offorbuike ◽  
Oluwasegun Eniayekan ◽  
Eniola Olusanya ◽  
Shekinah Yobuh Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injuries ◽  
Associated Injuries

scholarly journals Location of Sternal Fractures as a Possible Marker for Associated Injuries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max J. Scheyerer ◽  
Stefan M. Zimmermann ◽  
Samy Bouaicha ◽  
Hans-Peter Simmen ◽  
Guido A. Wanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Fracture Location ◽  
Chest Injuries ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Manubrium Sterni ◽  
Sternal Fractures

Introduction. Sternal fractures often occur together with serious and life-threatening additional injuries. This retrospective study was designed to assess concomitant injuries and develop a correlation between fracture location and the severity of injury.Methods.All patients () diagnosed with a fracture of the sternum by means of a CT scan were analysed with respect to accident circumstances, fracture morphology and topography, associated injuries, and outcome.Results. Isolated sternal fractures occurred in 9%. In all other admissions, concomitant injuries were diagnosed: mainly rip fractures (64%), injury to the head (48%), the thoracic spine (38%), lumbar spine (27%), and cervical spine (22%). Predominant fracture location was the manubrium sterni. In these locations, the observed mean ISS was the highest. They were strongly associated with thoracic spine and other chest injuries. Furthermore, the incidence of head injuries was significantly higher. ICU admission was significantly higher in patients with manubrium sterni fractures.Conclusion. Sternal fractures are frequently associated with other injuries. It appears that the fracture location can provide important information regarding concomitant injuries. In particular, in fractures of manubrium sterni, the need for further detailed clinical and radiologic workup is necessary to detect the frequently associated injuries and reduce the increased mortality.

scholarly journals “Locked up inside home” – Head injury patterns during coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Nishant Goyal ◽  
Srikant Kumar Swain ◽  
Kanav Gupta ◽  
Jitender Chaturvedi ◽  
Rajnish Kumar Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Radiological Diagnosis ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Head Injured ◽  
Injured Patients

Background: As citizens have been forced to stay home during coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the crisis created unique trends in the neurotrauma patterns with changes in mode, severity, and outcome of head injured patients. Methods: Details of neurotrauma admissions under the neurosurgery department at our institute since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic in the country were collected retrospectively and compared to the same period last year in terms of demographic profile, mode of injury, GCS at admission, severity of head injury, radiological diagnosis, management (surgical/conservative), and outcome. The patients were studied according to which phase of pandemic they were admitted in – “lockdown” period (March 25 to May 31, 2020) or “unlock” period (June 1 to September 15, 2020). Results: The number of head injuries decreased by 16.8% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, during the lockdown period, the number of admissions was 2.7/week while it was 6.8/week during the “unlock” period. RTA was the mode of injury in 29.6% patients during the lockdown, while during the unlock period, it was 56.9% (P = 0.000). Mild and moderate head injuries decreased by 41% and severe head injuries increased by 156.25% during the COVID-19 pandemic (P = 0.000). The mortality among neurotrauma patients increased from 12.4% to 22.5% during the COVID-19 era (P = 0.009). Conclusion: We observed a decline in the number of head injury admissions during the pandemic, especially during the lockdown. At the same time, there was increase in the severity of head injuries and associated injuries, resulting in significantly higher mortality in our patients during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment in Moderate Degree Diffuse Axonal Head Injuries: Analysis of 84 Cases Using MMSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 06-10
Author(s):  
Momin Abdul Jaleel ◽  
Shighakolli Ramesh ◽  
Subodh Raju ◽  
Renuka Sharma ◽  
Shailendra Anjankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Cognitive Sequelae ◽  
Mini Mental Status Examination ◽  
Routine Assessment

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is commonly seen in traumatic brain injury survivors. Posttraumatic cognitive sequelae may be more devastating than focal motor and focal sensory deficits, and are usually left unattended. Aim and Objective Aim of this study was to assess cognitive impairment in patients who had sustained moderate degree diffuse axonal injuries and having good outcome (Glasgow Outcome Score of 5). Methods and Materials Prospective observational study was done from 2011 to 2015 on the patients who had sustained moderated degree diffuse brain injuries. Eighty-four cases fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied. Patients were assessed with Mini-Mental Status Examination at discharge, end of 1 month, and at 3 months. Result Seventy-six were males and 8 were females. Age ranged from 16 to 49 years. Note that 4.76% (4) patients had hypotension at presentation, 32.14% (27) patients had associated injuries, and 19.04% (16) patients had hyponatremia at presentation. Diabetes mellitus was seen in 34.52% (29) patients, while hypertension was seen in 14.28% (12). At 3 months’ follow-up, 19.06% (16) patients had cognitive impairment. The present study revealed that hypotension and presence of associated injuries at presentation raises the odds of having cognitive impairment by 8 and 5 times, respectively. Conclusion Routine assessment of cognitive impairment in head injury survivors is essential as it may help in identifying cognitive deficits. Early intervention of neurorehabilitation to such patients results in better neurocognitive outcome. Hypotension and associated injuries are associated with poor cognitive outcome.

Closed Head Injuries in Athletes

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence B. Lehman ◽  
Steven J. Ravich
Keyword(s):  
Head Injuries ◽  
Closed Head Injuries ◽  
Closed Head

Anterior cruciate ligament tears and associated injuries

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-182
Author(s):  
Dr Banarji BH Dr Banarji BH ◽  
◽  
Dr Satish Shervegar ◽  
Dr Sundaresh DC Dr Sundaresh DC
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Tears

Complete recovery following transorbital penetrating head injury traversing the brainstem: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. MacLean ◽  
Karim Mukhida ◽  
Jai J. S. Shankar ◽  
Matthias H. Schmidt ◽  
David B. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Head Injuries ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Trauma Resuscitation ◽  
Retained Foreign Body ◽  
First Case ◽  
Initial Injury

Transorbital penetration accounts for one-quarter of the penetrating head injuries (PHIs) in adults and half of those in children. Injuries that traverse (with complete penetration of) the brainstem are often fatal, with survivors rarely seen in clinical practice. Here, the authors describe the case of a 16-year-old male who suffered and recovered from an accidental transorbital PHI traversing the brainstem—the first case of complete neurological recovery following such injury. Neuroimaging captured the trajectory of the initial injury. A delayed-onset carotid cavernous fistula and the subsequent development of internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysms were managed by endovascular embolization.The authors also review the relevant literature. Sixteen cases of imaging-confirmed PHI traversing the brainstem have been reported, 14 involving the pons and 12 penetrating via the transorbital route. Management and outcome of PHI are informed by object velocity, material, entry point, trajectory, relationship to neurovascular structures, and the presence of a retained foreign body. Trauma resuscitation is followed by a careful neurological examination and appropriate neuroimaging. Ophthalmological examination is performed if transorbital penetration is suspected, as injuries may be occult; the potential for neurovascular complications highlights the value of angiography. The featured case shows that complete recovery is possible following injury that traverses the brainstem.

Factors associated with intracranial hypertension in children and teenagers who suffered severe head injuries

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Diniz Guerra ◽  
Luis Fernando Andrade Carvalho ◽  
Carolina Araújo Affonseca ◽  
Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira ◽  
Heliane Brant Machado Freire
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hypertension In Children
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