scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of black queen cell virus and deformed wing virus in honeybee colonies infected by mites in Van, Eastern Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 5990-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZEYNEP KARAPINAR ◽  
BEKİR OĞUZ ◽  
ENDER DİNÇER ◽  
CİHAT ÖZTÜRK
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Eastern Turkey ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Colony Loss ◽  
Paralysis Virus

This study aimed to determine the presence and prevalence of viral and parasitic infections causing high rates of colony loss in honey bee colonies in Van province, eastern Turkey. Twenty-six different apiaries were collected from five counties in Van province. These samples were tested by Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV) and deformed wing virus (DWV). Selected positives were sequenced, phylogenetically analyzed and investigated in terms of Varroa. DWV and BQCV were identified in 69.23% (18/26) and 88.46% (23/26) of the bees respectively whereas ABPV and CBPV were not detected in the sampled apiaries. Results of the phylogenetic analysis of DWV and BQCV sequences showed 94–100% similarity to DWV and BQCV isolates obtained from Genbank. Prevalence of varroasis was 89% (23/26) in Van. The obtained samples were identified as V. Varroa destructor by morphological investigation. The study showed that viral and parasitic agents commonly infect honeybees in Van province, with high prevalence rates for BQCV and DWV. There was also a high degree of conservation of DWV and BQCV sequences distinct from DWV and BQCV isolates from other geographical regions. These findings, including current prevalence and phylogenetic analysis data for DWV, BQCV and varroazis in honeybees, are useful for future studies. .

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of deformed wing virus, black queen cell virus and acute bee paralysis viruses in Turkish honeybee colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (08) ◽  
pp. 6437-2020
Author(s):  
ABDURRAHMAN ANIL CAGIRGAN ◽  
YAKUP YILDIRIM ◽  
AYSEGUL USTA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Southern City

Viruses are chiefly responsible for colony losses globally, and deformed wing virus (DWV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), and acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) are the most common viral infections in honeybee colonies. As Turkey ranks third in the world in terms of bee colonies, honeybees are of great ecological and economic importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct a phylogenetic analysis of DWV, BQCV, and ABPV, all of which were detected in the southern city of Burdur, which is located along the route that migratory bees take and is a dwelling place for them. Phylogenetic trees were constructed for DWV, BQCV, and ABPV partial nucleotide sequences of the RNA helicase region, the structural polypeptide coding region, and the capsid protein region, respectively. Burdur DWV1 and DWV14 isolates were highly conserved, with 99-100% similarity, and they also shared 93-100% similarity with isolates from Europe and Korea. The two Burdur DWVs had 98% similarity. The DWV1 genome was more similar to the other Turkish isolates than the DWV14. Burdur BQCV2 and BQCV19 isolates, which were highly conserved with 97-99% similarity, formed the same cluster with other Turkish isolates but excluding the Turkey Koycegiz isolate. Burdur ABPV isolates were highly conserved with 99% similarity. Although they showed 94-97% similarity with other European isolates, they were in the same cluster as Turkish isolates. Thus, it was found that although the DWV, BQCV, and ABPV isolates obtained as a result of the present study were highly conserved, they showed differences in relation to the DWV, BWCV, and ABPV isolates that were isolated from different geographical regions.

scholarly journals The Pathogen Profile of a Honey Bee Queen Does Not Reflect That of Her Workers

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Kevill ◽  
Katie Lee ◽  
Michael Goblirsch ◽  
Erin McDermott ◽  
David R. Tarpy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Honey Bee Queen ◽  
Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Throughout a honey bee queen’s lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen’s pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 106 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen.

Occurrence, detection, and quantification of economically important viruses in healthy and unhealthy honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh D. Desai ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Robert W. Currie
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Sacbrood Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Paralysis Virus

AbstractThe occurrence, quantification, and distribution patterns of deformed wing virus (DWV) and sacbrood virus (SBV), (family Iflaviridae); black queen cell virus (BQCV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) (family Dicistroviridae), and chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) (unclassified), were characterised in 80 “healthy” honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies and 23 “unhealthy” colonies by employing reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for virus identification and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for quantification. All seven viruses were common but the most prevalent viruses were DWV, followed by BQCV and IAPV. For most viruses, prevalence in surviving but unhealthy colonies in spring did not differ from that of healthy baseline colony levels in fall suggesting spring prevalence level would not be a useful metric for diagnosis of factors contributing to colony loss. Sacbrood virus was the only virus that was more prevalent in unhealthy colonies from Manitoba, Canada than in healthy from colonies across Canada but did not differ from healthy colonies within Manitoba. Multiple infections were ubiquitous with a few colonies having simultaneous infection with as many as five viruses. Among the three viruses quantified by qPCR, DWV had the highest relative concentrations in pooled samples of worker bees. Deformed wing virus was the only virus within healthy colonies that differed in fall concentration among provinces and was at high levels in unhealthy colonies. Black queen cell virus was positively correlated with IAPV across all samples. Our study provides the first major baseline study of viruses in Canadian honey bees.

scholarly journals The First Detection and Genetic Characterization of Four Different Honeybee Viruses in Wild Bumblebees from Croatia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 808
Author(s):  
Ivana Tlak Gajger ◽  
Laura Šimenc ◽  
Ivan Toplak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Paralysis Virus

To determine the presence and the prevalence of four different honeybee viruses (acute bee paralysis virus—ABPV, black queen cell virus—BQCV, chronic bee paralysis virus—CBPV, deformed wing virus—DWV) in wild bumblebees, pooled randomly selected bumblebee samples were collected from twenty-seven different locations in the territory of Croatia. All samples were prepared and examined using the RT-PCR methods for quantification of mentioned honeybee viruses. Determined prevalence (%) of identified positive viruses were in the following decreasing order: BQCV > DWV > ABPV, CBPV. Additionally, direct sequencing of samples positive for BQCV (n = 24) and DWV (n = 2) was performed, as well as a test of molecular phylogeny comparison with those available in GenBank. Selected positive field viruses’ strains showed 95.7 to 100% (BQCV) and 98.09% (DWV) nucleotide identity with previously detected and deposited honeybee virus strains in the geographic areas in Croatia and neighboring Slovenia. In this article, the first detection of four honeybee viruses with genetic characterization of high diversity strains circulating in wild bumblebees in Croatia is presented.

scholarly journals The Pathogens Spillover and Incidence Correlation in Bumblebees and Honeybees in Slovenia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Metka Pislak Ocepek ◽  
Ivan Toplak ◽  
Urška Zajc ◽  
Danilo Bevk
Keyword(s):  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Nosema Bombi ◽  
Crithidia Bombi ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽  
Bee Virus ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Slovenia has a long tradition of beekeeping and a high density of honeybee colonies, but less is known about bumblebees and their pathogens. Therefore, a study was conducted to define the incidence and prevalence of pathogens in bumblebees and to determine whether there are links between infections in bumblebees and honeybees. In 2017 and 2018, clinically healthy workers of bumblebees (Bombus spp.) and honeybees (Apis mellifera) were collected on flowers at four different locations in Slovenia. In addition, bumblebee queens were also collected in 2018. Several pathogens were detected in the bumblebee workers using PCR and RT-PCR methods: 8.8% on acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), 58.5% on black queen cell virus (BQCV), 6.8% on deformed wing virus (DWV), 24.5% on sacbrood bee virus (SBV), 15.6% on Lake Sinai virus (LSV), 16.3% on Nosema bombi, 8.2% on Nosema ceranae, 15.0% on Apicystis bombi and 17.0% on Crithidia bombi. In bumblebee queens, only the presence of BQCV, A. bombi and C. bombi was detected with 73.3, 26.3 and 33.3% positive samples, respectively. This study confirmed that several pathogens are regularly detected in both bumblebees and honeybees. Further studies on the pathogen transmission routes are required.

scholarly journals Detection of Lotmaria passim, Crithidia mellificae and Replicative Forms of Deformed Wing Virus and Kashmir Bee Virus in the Small Hive Beetle (Aethina tumida)

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Antonio Nanetti ◽  
James D. Ellis ◽  
Ilaria Cardaio ◽  
Giovanni Cilia
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Aethina Tumida ◽  
Small Hive Beetle ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Kashmir Bee Virus ◽  
Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽  
Bee Virus ◽  
Paralysis Virus ◽  
Lotmaria Passim

Knowledge regarding the honey bee pathogens borne by invasive bee pests remains scarce. This investigation aimed to assess the presence in Aethina tumida (small hive beetle, SHB) adults of honey bee pathogens belonging to the following groups: (i) bacteria (Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius), (ii) trypanosomatids (Lotmaria passim and Crithidia mellificae), and (iii) viruses (black queen cell virus, Kashmir bee virus, deformed wing virus, slow paralysis virus, sacbrood virus, Israeli acute paralysis virus, acute bee paralysis virus, chronic bee paralysis virus). Specimens were collected from free-flying colonies in Gainesville (Florida, U.S.A.) in summer 2017. The results of the molecular analysis show the presence of L. passim, C. mellificae, and replicative forms of deformed wing virus (DWV) and Kashmir bee virus (KBV). Replicative forms of KBV have not previously been reported. These results support the hypothesis of pathogen spillover between managed honey bees and the SHB, and these dynamics require further investigation.

scholarly journals Presence and Prevalence of Viruses in Local and Migratory Honeybees (Apis mellifera) in Massachusetts

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (24) ◽  
pp. 7862-7865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Welch ◽  
Francis Drummond ◽  
Sunil Tewari ◽  
Anne Averill ◽  
John P. Burand
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Sacbrood Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Migratory and local bees in Massachusetts were analyzed for seven viruses. Three were detected: black queen cell virus (BQCV), deformed wing virus (DWV), and sacbrood virus (SBV). DWV was most common, followed closely by BQCV and then by SBV. BQCV and SBV were present at significantly higher rates in the migratory bees assayed, bringing into question the impact that these bees have on the health of local bee populations.

scholarly journals Virus infections of honeybees Apis Mellifera

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Tantillo ◽  
Marilisa Bottaro ◽  
Angela Di Pinto ◽  
Vito Martella ◽  
Pietro Di Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Invasive Organisms ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Kashmir Bee Virus ◽  
Paralysis Virus

The health and vigour of honeybee colonies are threatened by numerous parasites (such as <em>Varroa destructor</em> and <em>Nosema</em> spp.) and pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa. Among honeybee pathogens, viruses are one of the major threats to the health and wellbeing of honeybees and cause serious concern for researchers and beekeepers. To tone down the threats posed by these invasive organisms, a better understanding of bee viral infections will be of crucial importance in developing effective and environmentally benign disease control strategies. Here we summarize recent progress in the understanding of the morphology, genome organization, transmission, epidemiology and pathogenesis of eight honeybee viruses: Deformed wing virus (DWV) and Kakugo virus (KV); Sacbrood virus (SBV); Black Queen cell virus (BQCV); Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV); Kashmir bee virus (KBV); Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV); Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV). The review has been designed to provide researchers in the field with updated information about honeybee viruses and to serve as a starting point for future research.

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