scholarly journals Parasitological contamination of mussels and oysters

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 5904-2018
Author(s):  
MIROSŁAW RÓŻYCKI ◽  
JACEK SROKA ◽  
EWA CHMURZYŃSKA ◽  
EWA BILSKA–ZAJĄC ◽  
JOLANTA ZDYBEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Helminthic Infections

The literature on human mussel-borne protozoan and helminthic infections is widely dispersed in epidemiological and parasitological journals. This review is focused on humans as hosts for protozoan, trematode and nematode parasites associated with consumption of mussels. These infections are caused mainly by protozoans transferred as cysts and oocysts or trematodes transferred as cercariae or metacercariae. The main scope of the article covers the following genera: Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Toxoplasma, microsporidia, and Fasciola. Foods regarded until recently as quite exotic are currently becoming increasingly available to consumers. To avoid certain parasitic infections, consumers need to know the risk factors associated with consumption of popular sea foods, such as mussels. The article contains information that may be useful to persons with compromised immune response....

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among inmates of Kisii prison, Kisii county, Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dickson Cheruiyot Rop ◽  
Benson Omweri Nyanchongi ◽  
Johnson Nyangeri ◽  
Vincent Obino Orucho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Helminthic Infections among School Aged Children in Kurmi Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Vera Yafeh Akwa ◽  
Waetsi Nya Yusufu ◽  
Victor Ugochukwu Obisike ◽  
Amina Ojochide Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
High Rate ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Base Line ◽  
School Age ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Helminthic Infections ◽  
Significant Difference

One of the parasitic infection faced by school age children in developing countries is intestinal parasitic infection. This study was designed to determine risk factors associated with gastrointestinal helminthic infections among school age children. A total of 600 stool samples were randomly examined by direct smear method under microscope and formol-ether concentration technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-noneconomic status of the children’s parents and other variables. Of this, (n=252; 42%) were found to be infected with gastrointestinal helminths infections given a breakdown of male (n=148; 24.7%) and female (n=104; 17.3%). However, there was no significant difference in prevalence among the socio-economic status. Parent whose occupation was farmer (n=169; 28%) also recorded high rate of infection, the lowest prevalence was seen among civil servants (n=19; 3%). Parents with little or no knowledge of intestinal helminths were found to be statistically significant (n=199; 33.1%, p<0.02; α =0.02) The  highest  rate of infection was recorded among children who had dirty finger nails (n=232; 38.6%), followed by those who walked barefooted(28.2%),then open defecation (n=147; 24.6%),  hand washing after defecation (n=195; 30,7%,), habit of eating raw/roasted meat (n=136; 22.3%), hand washing before meal (n=102; 17.02%) and keeping of dirty clothes and bed linens (n=180; 30%) . Such a relatively high prevalence rate of helminthic infection in the study area could be used as a base line for the concern bodies to launch de-worming intervention campaigns.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium spp. in North Lebanon

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02.1) ◽  
pp. 34S ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan Osman ◽  
Sadia Benamrouz ◽  
Karine Guyot ◽  
Dima El Safadi ◽  
Hassan Mallat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Molecular Tests

Cryptosporidium spp. are enteroparasites with worldwide distribution that infect the gastrointestinal tract of several vertebrates including humans. Human to human, zoonotic, foodborne and waterborne are reported as the main transmission routes of this parasite. Cryptosporidium spp. have been recognized as the predominant cause of waterborne and foodborne outbreaks. However, the epidemiological situation of cryptosporidiosis is not well known in Lebanon, a developing country with a population often affected by intestinal parasitic infections. This study was devoted to determine the prevalence and the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in symptomatic hospitalized patients and in two children populations with different socio-economic level in North-Lebanon, as well as the risk factors associated with cryptosporidiosis. Fecal samples obtained from these populations were examined microscopically by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining as well as nested PCR were done for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Out of 163 symptomatic hospitalized patients and 249 children, Cryptosporidium was present in 11% and 10.4% respectively according to microscopy examination and/or molecular tests. The genotyping showed the predominance of Cryptosporidium hominis in both populations. Subgenotype analysis of the isolates at the gp60 locus identified three subtypes IdA19, IbA10G2 and IaA18R3 for C. hominis and two subtypes IIaA15G1R1 and IIaA15G2R1 for C. parvum. Moreover, cryptosporidiosis was correlated with having meals outside home and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms especially diarrhea (p <0.05). This work constitutes the first molecular epidemiology study outlining risk factors associated with cryptosporidiosis in Lebanon. These findings support a need of a control program to prevent the circulation of this parasite.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal protozoa in dairy calves: identification of risk factors for infection

2017 ◽  
pp. 5910-5924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Volpato ◽  
Alexandre Alberto Tonin ◽  
Gustavo Machado ◽  
Lenita Moura Stefani ◽  
Gabriela Campigotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
West Region ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Risks Factors

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of gastrointestinal protozoa in dairy calves and to identify potential risk factors for this type of infection. Materials and methods. For this purpose, 243 fecal samples were collected from calves up to 60 days of age in 43 dairy farms located in the West region of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Samples were examined by centrifugal-flotation technique. Results. As a result, Giardia was present in 26.75% (65/243) of all samples, Eimeria in 21.81% (53/243), and Cryptosporidium in 20.99% (51/243). Additionally, 46.50% (113/243) of the samples were negative for any protozoa, while 39.10% (95/243) and 14.40% (35/208) showed single and mixed infections, respectively. There was a higher association between Cryptosporidium and Giardia (6.99%) in cases of mixed infections. However, the triple protozoa association had the lowest prevalence in mixed infections (2.06%). Epidemiologically, a questionnaire was applied to determine risk factors for these parasitic infections. Based on the statistical model applied, some risk factors for Cryptosporidium infections were identified, highlighting feeding management, period of time that calves stayed with their mothers (cows), and contact with dogs; the risk of contracting Giardia increased according to the milk source, while the floor type bedding, and age were appointed as risks factors for Eimeria. Conclusions. Therefore, it is possible to confirm that Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Eimeria may infect dairy calves, and the knowledge of some risk factors associated to their infection in calves.

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with zoonotic parasitic infections in small ruminants in the Greek temperate environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaia Kantzoura ◽  
Anastasia Diakou ◽  
Marc K. Kouam ◽  
Haralambos Feidas ◽  
Helen Theodoropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Temperate Environment

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Primary School Children in Dera District, Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dires Tegen ◽  
Destaw Damtie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Based

Background. Globally, over 600 million school children are living with intestinal parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among school children in Ethiopia and the Amhara region is 52% and 51%, respectively. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IPIs among primary school children in Dera district, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020. The study used a structured pretested questionnaire and stool tests to obtain epidemiological and disease data. Data were analyzed using appropriate univariate and multivariable logistic regression methods by statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25.0. Results. Of the 382 students who were examined for IPIs, 238 (62.3%) (61.8% males, 62.8% females) were positive for one or more IPIs. One hundred thirty-six (35.6%), 98 (25.7%), and 4 (1.05%) were single, double, and triple infections, respectively. Out of the nine species of IPIs detected, Entamoeba sp. was the predominant species (29.6%) followed by hookworm (21.7%), Schistosoma mansoni (11.3%), Taenia sp. (9.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.2%), and Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis nana, and Enterobius vermicularis (4.2%) each, and Trichuris trichiura (0.5%). Family size greater than five (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.004, 3.13), open field school waste disposal (AOR = 15.88; 95% CI: 1.91, 132.1), and lack of knowledge about intestinal parasitic infection (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.2) were the independent risk factors associated with the overall prevalence of IPIs. Conclusions. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was high in the Dera district. Health education, extending school-based deworming, and mass treatments are recommended.

Risk Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infections among School Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mary Flores ◽  
Yvette Bautista ◽  
Louise Carandang ◽  
Krizianne Go ◽  
Ma Olalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Factors Associated
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