scholarly journals Acute leukemias in dogs: Analysis of 31 cases.

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Rafał Sapierzyński ◽  
Tomasz Huć ◽  
Michał Czopowicz ◽  
Urszula Jankowska ◽  
Dariusz Jagielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Recurrent Fever ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Dog Breed

The aim of the present study was to analyse epidemiological, cytological, laboratory and clinical data from canine acute leukemia (AL) cases. The study was conducted from 2009 to 2015, and included 2384 dogs undergoing cytological examination in two veterinary practices in Warsaw. The analysis included dogs in which bone marrow cytology revealed acute leukemia, regardless of its subtype. Data on breed, age, sex, as well as clinical signs and results of haematological examination were collected for every dog. Breed predisposition to acute leukemia was calculated by statistical methods on the basis of the theoretical distribution of canine breeds in Poland. Acute leukemia was diagnosed in 31 dogs (24.7%) undergoing bone marrow cytology, that is, in 1.3% of all the dogs examined by cytology during the study period. The disease was diagnosed mainly in adults, and a strong predisposition was found particularly in German shepherds and Golden retrievers. The median duration of clinical signs from the onset to diagnosis was 14 days. The clinical signs were mostly non-specific (apathy, recurrent fever, lack of appetite), whereas lymphadenomegaly or/and splenomegaly were observed more seldom. Hematology revealed neoplastic leukocytosis in 75% of dogs, whereas anemia and trombocytopenia were observed in 86% and 85% of patients, respectively. Regardless of the leukemia subtype, prognosis was poor. In conclusion, it can be stated that according to current knowledge on canine acute leukemias, bone marrow cytology based on routine staining methods is sufficient for correct diagnosis in a vast majority of cases.

scholarly journals Disseminated Neuroblastoma in an Adult Presenting the Picture of Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Blood ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM N. CHRISTENSON ◽  
JOHN E. ULTMANN ◽  
STEVEN C. MOHOS
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Immature Cells

Abstract A case of neuroblastoma in an adult with extensive metastatic lesions is presented. The initial symptoms and findings suggested idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The blood picture and changes in the clinical picture later led to a diagnosis of acute leukemia. Autopsy disclosed the correct diagnosis, which would have been possible antemortem had the implication of pseudorosette arrangement of immature cells in the bone marrow and the possible occurrence of neuroblastoma in an adult been fully appreciated.

scholarly journals Characterization of Thy-1 (CDw90) expression in CD34+ acute leukemia

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
JT Holden ◽  
RB Geller ◽  
DC Farhi ◽  
HK Holland ◽  
LL Stempora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blast Crisis ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Thy-1 (CDw90) is a phosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface molecule which, when coexpressed with CD34 in normal human bone marrow, identifies a population of immature cells that includes putative hematopoietic stem cells. To date, the characterization of Thy-1 expression has been confined largely to normal tissues and cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the frequency and intensity of Thy-1 expression as defined by reactivity with the anti-Thy-1 antibody 5E10 in 38 cases of CD34+ acute leukemia (21 acute myelogenous leukemia [AML], 8 chronic myelogenous leukemia [CML] in blast crisis, and 9 acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]). In 34 of 38 cases (89%) the CD34+ cells lacked expression of the Thy-1 antigen. High-density Thy-1 expression was found in 1 case of CML in lymphoid blast crisis, and low- density Thy-1 expression was identified on a portion of the leukemic cells in 2 cases of AML with myelodysplastic features, and 1 case of CML in myeloid blast crisis, suggesting a possible correlation between Thy-1 expression and certain instances of stem cell disorders such as CML and AML with dysplastic features. In contrast, the dissociation of Thy-1 and CD34 expression in the majority of acute leukemias studied suggests that the development of these leukemias occurs at a later stage than the hematopoietic stem cell. Characterization of Thy-1 expression in acute leukemia may eventually provide insights into the origin of the disease. In addition, separation of leukemic blasts from normal stem cells based on Thy-1 expression may prove useful in assessing residual disease, as well as in excluding leukemic blasts from stem cell preparations destined for autologous bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation.

Absolute Lymphocyte Count Is a Novel Prognostic Indicator in Acute Leukemia: Implications for Risk Stratification and Future Studies.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2276-2276
Author(s):  
Guillermo R. De Angulo ◽  
Carrie Yuen ◽  
Shana Palla ◽  
Peter M. Anderson ◽  
Patrick A. Zweidler-McKay
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Current Risk

Abstract Background: Despite improving outcomes, 25–50% of children and young adults with acute leukemia still relapse and most salvage rates are discouraging. Additional prognostic factors, particularly those that represent host factors, may further stratify patients and decrease relapse rates. Purpose: To determine if absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) during induction chemotherapy can improve current risk stratification and predict relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: We analyzed 160 consecutive cases of de novo ALL and AML patients 1–21 years of age, treated at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1995–2005. Age at diagnosis, initial WBC, bone marrow blast % on days 0 and 7, were analyzed with ALC on days 0, 15, 21 and 28 of induction therapy. Results: ALC during induction therapy is a significant independent predictor of RFS and OS in young adults and children with either ALL or AML. Specifically, an ALC <350 cells/mcL on day 15 of induction therapy for ALL significantly predicts poor 6-year OS (52% vs. 87%, p=0.015; HR=4.2, Figure 1A) and RFS (46% vs. 80%, p=0.001; HR=4.8, Figure 1B). Similarly, an ALC of <350 cells/mcL on day 15 of induction therapy for AML predicts poor 6-year OS (35% vs. 86%, p=0.033; HR=4, Figure 1C). ALC-15 remains a significant predictor of OS and RFS after adjusting for age at diagnosis, initial WBC and bone marrow response on day 7 (p=0.013; HR=6.3, and p=0.003; HR=6.3, respectively) in multivariate analysis (Table 1). Importantly, ALC-15 defines a subgroup of half of our AML patients and predicts an excellent 5-year OS of 86% (p=0.033, Figure 1C). Conversely, prolonged lymphopenia predicts that 16% of young AML patients will have a dismal 5-year RFS of 14% (p=0.004, Figure 1D). Finally, ALC-15 <350 cells/mcL is able to predict 70% of relapses in both ALL and AML patients. One possible algorithm could identify half of AML patients with a predicted OS of 86% simply by measuring the ALC-15. Those patients with a low ALC on day 15 would be assessed at day 21 and 28 and those with persistent lymphopenia would be predicted to to have an RFS of 14% and would be stratified to receive intensified and/or experimental therapy. Conclusion: We demonstrate that ALC can identify patients at high and low risk for relapse early in the course of treatment for ALL or AML. Our data indicates that ALC is both independent of and a more powerful predictor than age at diagnosis, initial WBC and bone marrow response on day 7. This routine measurement could enhance current risk-stratification and lead to improved outcomes in young patients with acute leukemias. Figure 1 Figure 1. Table 1 Multivariate Analysis of ALC, Age, WBC, Bone marrow response and Survival

scholarly journals Reviewing Bone Marrow Edema in Athletes: A Difficult Diagnostic and Clinical Approach

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Umberto Tarantino ◽  
Chiara Greggi ◽  
Ida Cariati ◽  
Guglielmo Manenti ◽  
Matteo Primavera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Treatment ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Marrow Edema

Bone marrow edema (BME) is defined as an area of low signal intensity on T1-weighted (T1W) MRI images and associated with intermediate or high signal intensity findings on T2-weighted (T2W) MRI images. BME represents a typical imaging finding that characterizes common stress-related bone injuries of professional and amateur athletes. The etiology of stress-related injuries is influenced by numerous factors, including the initiation of a new sports activity or changes in an existing training protocol. The clinical significance of BME remains unclear. However, a correlation between the imaging pattern of BME, the clinical history of the patient and the type of sports activity practiced is essential for correct diagnosis and adequate therapeutic treatment. It is also important to clarify whether there is a specific threshold beyond which exercise can adversely affect the bone remodeling process, as the clinical picture may degenerate into the presence of BME, pain and, in the most severe cases, bone loss. In our review, we summarize the current knowledge on the etiopathogenesis and treatment options for BME and highlight the main aspects that make it difficult to formulate a correct diagnosis and establish an adequate therapeutic treatment.

scholarly journals Acute myocardial infarction during induction chemotherapy for acute MLL t(4;11) leukemia with lineage switch and extreme leukocytosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 734-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Colovic ◽  
Andrija Bogdanovic ◽  
Marijana Virijevic ◽  
Ana Vidovic ◽  
Dragica Tomin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Vein Thrombosis

Introduction. In patients with acute leukemias hemorrhage is the most frequent problem. Vein thrombotic events may appear rarely but arterial thromboses are exceptionally rare. We present a patient with acute leukemia and bilateral deep leg vein thrombosis who developed an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during induction chemotherapy. The etiology and treatment of AMI in patients with acute leukemia, which is a rare occurrence, is discussed. Case Outline. In April of 2012 a 37-year-old male presented with bilateral deep leg vein thrombosis and malaise. Laboratory data were as follows: Hb 118 g/L, WBC 354x109/L (with 91% blasts in differential leukocyte count), platelets 60?109/L. Bone marrow aspirate and immunophenotype revealed the presence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytogenetic analysis was as follows: 46,XY,t(4;11)(q21:q23) [2]/62-82,XY,t(4;11)[18]. Molecular analysis showed MLL-AF4 rearrangement. The patient was on low molecular weight heparin and combined chemotherapy according to protocol HyperCVAD. On day 10 after chemotherapy he got chest pain. Three days later AMI was diagnosed (creatine kinase 66 U/L, CK-MB 13U/L, troponin 1.19 ?g/L). Electrocardiogram showed the ST elevation in leads D1, D2, aVL, V5 and V6 and ?micro q? in D1. On echocardiography, hypokinesia of the left ventricle and ejection fraction of 39% was found. After recovering from AMI and restoring left ventricle ejection fraction to 59%, second course of HyperCVAD was given. The control bone marrow aspirate showed 88% of blasts but with monoblastic appearance. Flow cytometry confirmed a lineage switch from lymphoblasts to monoblasts. In further course of the disease he was treated with a variety of chemotherapeutic combinations without achieving remission. Eventually, palliative chemotherapy was administered to reduce the bulk of blasts. He died five months after the initial diagnosis. Conclusion. AMI in young adults with acute leukemia is a very rare complication which may occur in patients with very high white blood cell count in addition with presence of a CD56 adhesion molecule and other concomitant thrombophilic factors. The treatment of AMI in patients with acute leukemias should include antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, even with more aggressive methods depending on patient?s age and clinical risk assessment.

scholarly journals AML1-ETO Collaborates with the Homeobox Gene Meis1 in Inducing Acute Leukemia in the Mouse Bone Marrow Transplantation Model.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 928-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vegi M. Naidu ◽  
Vijay P.S. Rawat ◽  
Christina Schessl ◽  
Konstantin Petropoulus ◽  
Monica Cusan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Insertional Mutagenesis ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Hox Gene ◽  
Blast Cells

Abstract AML1-ETO is the most frequent fusion gene in human AML. Previously, we and others have demonstrated that the fusion is not able to cause leukaemia on its own in experimental murine models, but that it needs collaborative partners. However, although mutations such as the FLT3-length mutation and C-KIT mutations were defined as important collaborative genetic events in AML1-ETO positive AML, most human AML1-ETO cases do not carry these mutations, indicating the presence of unkown collaborative partners in these patients. On the other hand Meis1, a HOX gene co-factor, belonging to the TALE family of homeodomain proteins, has a well established function as a protooncogene with a strong collaborative potential in Hox gene associated AML in mice. First we confirmed expression of MEIS1 in some patients with AML1-ETO positive AML by real-time PCR. Based on this we sought to determine if AML1-ETO can collaborate with Meis1 in inducing acute leukemias: single constructs or both genes were co-transfected in 5-FU treated primary murine bone marrow cells by retroviral gene transfer, using MSCV retroviral constructs with an IRES–GFP or YFP cassette. Mice were transplanted with BM cells expressing Meis1 alone (n=10), with BM cells solely expressing the fusion gene (n=10) or EGFP (n=7, control) or with BM expressing both genetic alterations (n=14). None of the mice in the Meis1 and AML1-ETO as well as in the control group developed disease. In contrast, 14 mice transplanted with BM co-expressing AML1-ETO and Meis1 developed lethal disease after a median latency of 102 days. Three mice succumbed to a myeloproliferative syndrome and nine mice died by acute leukemia (6 mice developed AML, 3 mice ALL), which was serially transplantable into secondary recipients (median = 57 days). Immunohistochemistry of various organs of leukemic mice showed massive infiltration with blast cells. In MPS and AML 85 ± 9.3 % of the blast cells co-expressed Gr-1+ and Mac1+. In ALL cases 40 ± 19.9 % of the malignant cells co-expressed Mac1 and the lymphoid-associated B220 antigen. Analysis of retroviral integration did not reveal recurrent integration sites as an indication for insertional mutagenesis. In summary, our data demonstrate for the first time that AML1-ETO can collaborate with Meis1 and identify a novel collaborative partner in t(8;21) positive AML. Furthermore, our analyses demonstrate that Meis1 can collaborate with non-homeobox genes in inducing acute leukemia.

scholarly journals Bone marrow cell count per cubic millimeter bone marrow: a new parameter for quantitating therapy-induced cytoreduction in acute leukemia

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Hiddemann ◽  
BD Clarkson ◽  
T Buchner ◽  
MR Melamed ◽  
M Andreeff
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Cell ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract A new technique is introduced for determining the number of bone marrow cells per cubic millimeter marrow, providing an accurate and objective means for quantitating therapy-induced cytoreduction. The method requires a correction for admixed peripheral blood in bone marrow aspirates to measure the fraction of remaining pure marrow. While cell kinetic differences between blood, aspirates, and biopsies identify the proportion of contaminating blood cells, the ratio of red cell hematocrits in blood and aspirate gives the volume of trapped blood. By combining both procedures, bone marrow cell counts per unit volume pure marrow result (BMC/cu mm BM), which were found highly reproducible. Blast cell counts (BMBC/cu mm BM) were obtained by additional morphological differentiation. BMC and BMBC/cu mm BM were monitored in 16 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia treated with daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and 6-thioguanine in combination and in 4 patients with end-stage acute leukemias and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas during high-dose thymidine therapy. Total and daily therapy- induced cytoreduction rates were significantly greater (P less than 0.01) in responders than nonresponders to either regimen. Changes in BMC/cu mm BM were also found representative for changes in BMBC/cu mm BM, since the majority of bone marrow cells were blasts. In acute leukemia. BMC/cu mm BM thus provides accurate and objective measurements of treatment efficacy in vivo and after short periods of drug exposure. Differences in cytoreduction rates within the group of responders also suggest possible prognostic implications.

scholarly journals Bone marrow cell count per cubic millimeter bone marrow: a new parameter for quantitating therapy-induced cytoreduction in acute leukemia

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Hiddemann ◽  
BD Clarkson ◽  
T Buchner ◽  
MR Melamed ◽  
M Andreeff
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Cell ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Marrow Cells

A new technique is introduced for determining the number of bone marrow cells per cubic millimeter marrow, providing an accurate and objective means for quantitating therapy-induced cytoreduction. The method requires a correction for admixed peripheral blood in bone marrow aspirates to measure the fraction of remaining pure marrow. While cell kinetic differences between blood, aspirates, and biopsies identify the proportion of contaminating blood cells, the ratio of red cell hematocrits in blood and aspirate gives the volume of trapped blood. By combining both procedures, bone marrow cell counts per unit volume pure marrow result (BMC/cu mm BM), which were found highly reproducible. Blast cell counts (BMBC/cu mm BM) were obtained by additional morphological differentiation. BMC and BMBC/cu mm BM were monitored in 16 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia treated with daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and 6-thioguanine in combination and in 4 patients with end-stage acute leukemias and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas during high-dose thymidine therapy. Total and daily therapy- induced cytoreduction rates were significantly greater (P less than 0.01) in responders than nonresponders to either regimen. Changes in BMC/cu mm BM were also found representative for changes in BMBC/cu mm BM, since the majority of bone marrow cells were blasts. In acute leukemia. BMC/cu mm BM thus provides accurate and objective measurements of treatment efficacy in vivo and after short periods of drug exposure. Differences in cytoreduction rates within the group of responders also suggest possible prognostic implications.

scholarly journals Importance of Detection of Intracellular Myeloperoxidase, CD13, CD79a, CD22, CD3 and Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase By Flow Cytometry Diagnosis of Acute Leukemias

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 5194-5194
Author(s):  
Aldair Sousa Paiva ◽  
Hugo Diogenes De Oliveira Paiva ◽  
Geraldo Barroso Cavalcanti ◽  
Frank Bahia ◽  
Rodrigo Villar Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Terminal Transferase

Abstract Background: The detection of Intracellular (IC) antigens by flow cytometry (FC) such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), cCD13, cCD79a, cCD22, cCD3 and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) has become the useful tool in the differential diagnosis between acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL). Through detection of myeloid antigens (MPO and cCD13), B cells precursors (cCD79a and cCD22) and precocity T-cells (cCD3) it has been possible to confirm the diagnosis of these acute leukemias. The detection of intracellular cell markers by FC usually requires previous permeabilization of fresh cell suspensions. TdT, also known as DNA nucleotidylexotransferase (DNTT) or terminal transferase, is a specialized DNA polymerase expressed in immature, pre-B, pre-T lymphoid cells, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cells. TdT adds N-nucleotides to the V, D, and J exons of the TCR and BCR genes during antibody gene recombination, enabling the phenomenon of junctional diversity. In humans, terminal transferase is encoded by the DNTT gene. This antigen is expressed mostly in the nucleus cells from primary lymphoid organs, like the thymus and bone marrow. The TdT detection has also been shown to be useful in confirming the acute forms of B and T-lineage lymphoproliferative diseases by FC. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the importance of this cell markers' detection by FC in the differential diagnostic of acute leukemias. Methods: Bone marrow and/or peripheral blood leukemic cells from 50 cases of acute leukemia: 16 ALL and 36 AML. The cells were fixed and permeabilized in briefly exposed to Becton & Dickinson Lyse Solution at concentration of 10%, and subsequently labeled with monoclonal antibodies anti-MPO, TdT, CD3, CD13, CD22 and CD79a. Results: The MPO expression was observed in 35/36(97,22%) and cCD13 in all cases of AML and in none ALL patients. Three cases of MPO-positive ALL (FAB-L2) could be reclassified as M0-AML. These cases were CD34+;HLADR+;CD33-;CD13-;CD7+ and cCD13+. The intensity of TdT expression was observed in 15/16 (93.8%) of ALL and 5/36 (13.9%) of AML. The cCD22 and cCD79a were positive in 15/16 (93.8%) and all of pre-B ALL respectively and cCD3 was expressed in one case of Pre-T ALL that initial phenotype was CD34+/HLADR+/TdT+/CD7+ and sCD3-). Conclusions: These results indicate that monoclonal antibodies anti-MPO, cCD13, cCD79a, cCD22, cCD3 and TdT were excellent cell markers for the diagnosis and classification of acute leukemias and can be reliably detected by FC. This rapid and specific technique should be a valuable addition to routine immunophenotyping of acute leukemia. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Real-Time PCR (TaqMan Probe and Sybr Green), Serological Techniques (ELISA, IFA and DAT) and Clinical Signs Evaluation, for the Diagnosis of Canine Leishmaniasis in Experimentally Infected Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2627
Author(s):  
María Paz Peris ◽  
Adriana Esteban-Gil ◽  
Paula Ortega-Hernández ◽  
Mariano Morales ◽  
Nabil Halaihel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sybr Green ◽  
Taqman Probe ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Infection

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) diagnosis is not fully resolved. Currently, two specific methodologies are in continuous development, the detection of the parasite DNA or RNA in target organs and the detection of specific antibodies against Leishmania sp. For a correct diagnosis, it has been shown that the joint use of this type of test is necessary. In this work, a Sybr Green and a TaqMan Probe based on real time PCRs (qPCR) was performed for the detection of Leishmania sp. in order to correlate the results with clinicopathological and serological evaluations (IFA, ELISA and DAT) to propose an optimal biological sample to be used to detect the parasite in both early and late stages of the infection. A total of four samples were processed: conjunctival swabs, popliteal lymph node aspirates, bone marrow aspirates, and peripheral blood from experimentally infected dogs belonging to a larger study. Our results indicated that a single non-invasive sample (conjunctival swab) and the application of both types of qPCR would be reliable for determining Leishmania infection as well as the disease stage in dogs, thus avoiding bone marrow, lymph node aspirate or blood samples collection.

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