scholarly journals Filtering and Wavelet Transform Algorithm for Old Document Image Restoration

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridha Sefina Samosir
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Image Restoration ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Document Image ◽  
Computer Based

The aim of this research was to develop image restoration system using filtering and wavelet transform algorithm. Data collection was through observation and system was developed using prototyping model. Result of this research is a computer based on system to restore image containing noise. Based on the research process, filtering and wavelet transform algorithm can used to restore old document image from interferences (noise).

Feasibility Study of the Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of Computer-Based Job and Occupational Data Collection Methods

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Mitchell ◽  
Winston Bennett ◽  
J. J. Weissmuller ◽  
R. L. Gosc ◽  
Patricia Waldroop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Data Collection Methods ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Collection Methods

An Adaptive Binarization Method for Cost-efficient Document Image System in Wavelet Domain

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 30401-1-30401-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsien Hsia ◽  
Ting-Yu Lin ◽  
Jen-Shiun Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Discrete Wavelet Transform ◽  
Document Image ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Image System ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Binarization Method

Abstract In recent years, the preservation of handwritten historical documents and scripts archived by digitized images has been gradually emphasized. However, the selection of different thicknesses of the paper for printing or writing is likely to make the content of the back page seep into the front page. In order to solve this, a cost-efficient document image system is proposed. In this system, the authors use Adaptive Directional Lifting-Based Discrete Wavelet Transform to transform image data from spatial domain to frequency domain and perform on high and low frequencies, respectively. For low frequencies, the authors use local threshold to remove most background information. For high frequencies, they use modified Least Mean Square training algorithm to produce a unique weighted mask and perform convolution on original frequency, respectively. Afterward, Inverse Adaptive Directional Lifting-Based Discrete Wavelet Transform is performed to reconstruct the four subband images to a resulting image with original size. Finally, a global binarization method, Otsu’s method, is applied to transform a gray scale image to a binary image as the output result. The results show that the difference in operation time of this work between a personal computer (PC) and Raspberry Pi is little. Therefore, the proposed cost-efficient document image system which performed on Raspberry Pi embedded platform has the same performance and obtains the same results as those performed on a PC.

Constructing and Evaluating a Validation Argument for a Next-Generation Alternate Assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy K. Clark ◽  
Meagan Karvonen
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Alternate Assessment ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Dynamic Learning ◽  
Alternate Assessments ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Achievement Standards

Alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards (AA-AAS) have historically lacked broad validity evidence and an overall evaluation of the extent to which evidence supports intended uses of results. An expanding body of validation literature, the funding of two AA-AAS consortia, and advances in computer-based assessment have supported improvements in AA-AAS validation. This paper describes the validation approach used with the Dynamic Learning Maps® alternate assessment system, including development of the theory of action, claims, and interpretive argument; examples of evidence collected; and evaluation of the evidence in light of the maturity of the assessment system. We focus especially on claims and sources of evidence unique to AA-AAS and especially the Dynamic Learning Maps system design. We synthesize the evidence to evaluate the degree to which it supports the intended uses of assessment results for the targeted population. Considerations are presented for subsequent data collection efforts.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing researchers’ perspectives on involving professionals in research: a group concept mapping study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Laustsen ◽  
Albert Westergren ◽  
Pia Petersson ◽  
Maria Haak
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Group Concept Mapping ◽  
Process Adaptation ◽  
Group Concept

Abstract Background Researchers have shown an increased interest in involving professionals from outside academia in research projects. Professionals are often involved in research on ageing and health when the purpose is to address the gap between research and practice. However, there is a need to acquire more knowledge about what the involvement might lead to by exploring researchers’ experiences of involving professionals in research on ageing and health and developing conceptual areas. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify conceptual areas of professionals’ involvement in research on ageing and health, from the perspective of researchers themselves. Methods Group concept mapping, a participatory and mixed method, was used to conceptualize areas. Researchers with experience of involving professionals in research projects on ageing and health participated in qualitative data collection through brainstorming sessions (n = 26), and by sorting statements (n = 27). They then took part in quantitative data collection, where they rated statements according to how much a statement strengthened research (n = 26) and strengthened practice (n = 24). Data were analysed using multidimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. In addition, a qualitative analysis of the latent meaning of the cluster map was conducted. Results Analysis of the sorting stage generated five clusters illustrating conceptual areas of professionals’ involvement in research projects on ageing and health. The five clusters are as follows: complex collaboration throughout the research process; adaptation of research to different stakeholders, mutual learning through partnership; applicable and sustainable knowledge; legitimate research on ageing and health. The qualitative latent meaning of the cluster map showed two themes: the process of involvement and the outcome of involvement. A positive strong correlation (0.87) was found between the rating of strengthened research and practice. Conclusions This study reveals conceptual areas on a comprehensive and illustrative map which contributes to the understanding of professionals’ involvement in research on ageing and health. A conceptual basis for further studies is offered, where the aim is to investigate the processes and outcomes entailed in involving professionals in research on ageing and health. The study also contributes to the development of instruments and theories for optimizing the involvement of professionals in research.

scholarly journals Do It for the Culture: The Case for Memes in Qualitative Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110258
Author(s):  
Constance Iloh
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Cultural Relevance ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Rapport Building ◽  
Everyday Communication ◽  
Remote Data

Memes are a prominent feature of global life in the 21st century. The author asserts that memes are significant to current and future qualitative research. In particular, the text establishes memes as: (a) part of everyday communication, expression, and explanation, thus useful in qualitative research; (b) valuable cultural units and symbols; (c) forms of rapport building and cultivating relational research; (d) approaches that bolster and sustain remote data collection; (e) methods that infuse agency, humor, and creativity into the research process. The author then showcases distinctive ways memes can be effectively incorporated in qualitative research pursuits and publications. The article concludes with the necessity of data collection and representation approaches that advance the meaningfulness and cultural-relevance of qualitative inquiry.

scholarly journals Mask-Making and Drawing as Method: Arts-Based Approaches to Data Collection With War-Affected Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 160940691983247
Author(s):  
Amber Green ◽  
Myriam Denov
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Mask Making ◽  
In Captivity

Globally, the numbers of children living in conflict zones and displaced by war have risen dramatically over the past two decades, and with this, scholarly attention to the impacts of war on children. More recently, researchers have examined how war-affected children are being studied, revealing important shortcomings. These limitations relate to the lack of child participation in research, the need for researchers to engage children in the research process as “active agents” rather than “passive objects” under study, as well as the need for researchers to pay closer attention to ethical dilemmas associated with researching war-affected children. To address these realities, innovative research methods that can be adapted across diverse sociocultural contexts are warranted. In light of these shortcomings, our research team integrated two arts-based methods: mask-making and drawing, alongside traditional qualitative data collection methods with a particularly marginalized population of young people: children born in captivity within the Lord’s Resistance Army in northern Uganda. In this article, we provide information on the context of northern Uganda. We describe how the use of mask-making and drawing was used as data gathering tools and the ways in which these arts-based methods had important benefits for the research participants, researchers, and impacted on the validity of the research as a whole. We propose that the use of these participatory visual methods enriched the themes elicited through more traditional methods. The article describes how these arts-based mediums fostered community building among children typically excluded from their communities and were successful as a tool to build trust between participants and the research team when exploring sensitive topics. The article concludes with implications for future research with war-affected children.

scholarly journals Collecting quantitative experimental data from a non-WEIRD population: challenges and practical recommendations from a field experiment in rural Sierra Leone

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Luetke Lanfer ◽  
Doreen Reifegerste ◽  
Sorie Ibrahim Kargbo
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Collection Strategies ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Extensive Pilot

Abstract Objective Standardized pretest–posttest experimental designs with quantitative surveys are frequently applied to evaluate the effectiveness of health programs. However, this method is strongly informed by research on samples from Western, Educated, Industralized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies and may not produce meaningful results in a distinct cultural, educational and socioeconomic context. Results This paper reports several methodological challenges encountered along the research process of collecting quantitative survey data (i.e., during recruitment, obtaining informed consent, matching pretest–posttest data and data collection) for a mixed-methods field experiment on domestic handwashing in Sierra Leone. Ethical dilemmas of certain research practices are pointed out and potential solutions or alternatives are recommended for each challenge. Analysis of these challenges highlights the importance of reflecting on the aptness of research methodologies for non-WEIRD samples. While this is not to say that quantitative surveys are not suitable in a non-WEIRD context, their employment require considerable time for extensive pilot testing, involving local interviewers and participants in designing research projects and the modification of data collection strategies.

scholarly journals Muhammadiyah Non-Formal Education During the Covid 19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Nur Fazriya Masfufa ◽  
Muhlasin Amrullah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Practical Education ◽  
Comprehensive Picture

Non-formal education is practical education or training for the community that is still carried out by the community to increase knowledge and increase interest in talent in themselves. The purpose of this study is to find out about Muhammadiyah non-formal education, the goals and benefits of non-formal education, the characteristics of Muhammadiyah non-formal education and forms of non-formal education of Muhammadiyah. The data collection techniques were interviews and observations, interviews with resource persons Mrs. Sumjiana (managers) and observations and research at the Muhammadiyah branch of the Muhammadiyah College in Gedangan District. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods. A qualitative approach is a research process to understand social or human problems by analyzing words to create a complex and comprehensive picture, as well as reporting detailed information views obtained from information sources in the natural environment. Muhammadiyah non-formal education during the COVID-19 pandemic took various forms. Muhammadiyah non-formal education such as TK Aisyah 1 Gedangan and TPQ Tunas Jasmine in Gedangan District.

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