High Speed Rail in Northern England Tactics and Policies for Implementing Mega Plans by Modular Incrementalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-484
Author(s):  
Ian Wray ◽  
David Thrower ◽  
Jim Steer
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Late Professor ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
East West

Britain lags behind many other countries in its provision of high-speed rail. This paper looks in depth at the challenges of providing high-speed rail links, east–west, across Northern England, identi fied as a key issue by former Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne in his Northern Powerhouse speech in 2014. We ask what can be learned from the politics of Britain's successful motorway programme in the 1960s and 1970s, and from the plan advanced for High Speed North by the late Professor Sir Peter Hall and colleagues, published some weeks before Osborne's speech. Introducing the concept of centripetal urban dynamics, we doubt whether the suppression of public transport demand by the Covid 19 virus will be long lasting. Thus the Hall Plan still has remarkable relevance, especially in its tactics for sequencing investment, which we term modular incrementalism. Some updating is needed, so that the investment strategy focuses on super critical problems for rail investment. We conclude with recommendations for the High Speed North project itself and re flect on wider implications for decision-making processes.

scholarly journals Benchmark of the Trends of Spatial Inequality in World Megaregions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6456
Author(s):  
Ziqi Liu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Liwen Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spatial Inequality ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
International Learning ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Index Measure

There have been growing concerns around the world over the rising spatial inequality (SI) amid fast and vast globalization. This paper presents an effort to benchmark the conditions and trends of spatial inequality in 37 megaregions in the United States, Europe, and China. Furthermore, the study selected three megaregion examples and analyzed the effect of developing high-speed rail (HSR) as an infrastructure investment strategy on reshaping the spatial pattern of job accessibility. The study measures spatial inequality with the Theil index of gross regional product and with the rank-size coefficient of polycentricity. Results show that spatial inequality exists and varies in magnitude within and between megaregions. On average, Chinese megaregions exhibited the level of spatial inequality about two times or more of those in the U.S. and European megaregions. The decade between 2006 and 2016 saw a decrease in the Theil index measure of megaregional inequality in China, but a slight increase in the United States and Europe. Fast growing megaregions exhibit high levels and rising trends of spatial inequality regardless of the country or continent setting. HSR helps improve mobility and accessibility; yet the extent to which HSR reduces spatial inequality is context dependent. This study presents a first attempt to assess and compare the spatial inequality conditions and trajectories in world megaregions aiming at promoting international learning.

Comparative Assessment of Rule-Based Design on the Pressures and Resulting Scantlings of High Speed Powercrafts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste R.G. Souppez ◽  
Ermina Begovic ◽  
Pradeep Sensharma ◽  
Fuhua Wang ◽  
Anders Rosén
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Marine Vehicles ◽  
Current State ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Design Case Study

The rules and regulations inherent to the design pressures and scantlings of high-speed powercrafts are numerous, and regularly reviewed. Recently, the new ISO 12215-5:2019 made notable changes to the way high-speed crafts are analysed, including extending the acceleration experienced up to 8 g in certain circumstances. Nevertheless, despite the multiple iterations and variety of regulatory bodies, the seminal work undertaken on planing crafts throughout the 1960s and 1970s remains the foundation of any rule-based design requirement. Consequently, this paper investigates an array of recently published rules though a comparative design case study, the current state-of-the-art across a number of regulations, and the ultimate impact on scantlings. The study reveals that, despite divergence in intermediate calculations and assumptions, similar requirements are ultimately achieved. Eventually, discussion on the comparison undertaken and future trends in high-speed marine vehicles is provided, tackling the relevance of classical planing theory in light of contemporary innovations.

scholarly journals Does High-Speed Rail Influence Urban Dynamics and Land Pricing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panrawee Rungskunroch ◽  
Yuwen Yang ◽  
Sakdirat Kaewunruen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
City Development ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Practical Factors

At present, many countries around the world have significantly invested in sustainable transportation systems, especially for high-speed rail (HSR) infrastructures, since they are believed to improve economies, and regenerate regional and business growth. In this study, we focus on economic growth, dynamic land use, and urban mobility. The emphasis is placed on testing a hypothesis about whether HSRs can enable socio-economic development. Real case studies using big data from large cities in China, namely Shanghai province and Minhang districts, are taken into account. Socio-technical information such as employment rate, property pricing, and agglomeration in the country’s economy is collected from the China Statistics Bureau and the China Academy of Railway Sciences for analyses. This research aims to re-examine practical factors resulting from HSR’s impact on urban areas by using ANOVA analysis and dummy variable regression to analyse urban dynamics and property pricing. In addition, this study enhances the prediction outcomes that lead to urban planning strategies for the business area. The results reveal that there are various effects (i.e., regional accessibility, city development plans, and so on) required to enable the success of HSR infrastructure in order to enrich urban dynamics and land pricing. This paper also highlights critical perspectives towards sustainability, which are vital to social and economic impacts. In addition, this study provides crucial perspectives on sustainable developments for future HSR projects.

scholarly journals Latest Urban Rail Demand Forecast Model System in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 2668 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Kato ◽  
Daisuke Fukuda ◽  
Yoshihisa Yamashita ◽  
Seiji Iwakura ◽  
Tetsuo Yai
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Model System ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan Area ◽  
Urban Rail

A model system to forecast urban rail travel demand technically supported the formulation of the Tokyo Urban Rail Development Master Plan for 2016. The model system was included in the forthcoming 15-year urban rail investment strategy for Tokyo and was used to make a quantitative assessment of urban rail projects, including 24 new rail development projects that had been proposed in response to expected changes in sociodemographic patterns, land use markets, and the government’s latest transportation policy goals. The system covered the entire urban rail network within the Tokyo metropolitan area, with approximately a 50-km radius and a population of more than 34 million. The system would have to have handled more than 80 million trips per day. Three demand models were used to predict daily rail passenger link flows: urban rail, airport rail access, and high-speed rail access. These practical models had unique characteristics, such as incorporating differences in behavior between older and younger travelers, reflecting expected influences of urban redevelopment on trip generation and distribution, highlighting urban rail access to airports or high-speed-rail stations, examining effects of in-vehicle crowding on rail route choice, and deploying mode choice models for urban rail station access–egress for rail route choice. The authors concluded that the model system would be well calibrated with observed data for reproducing travel patterns, identifying potential problems, assessing proposed projects, presenting results with high accuracy, and assisting decision making of urban rail planners.

scholarly journals International Real Estate Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-395
Author(s):  
Helen X. H. Bao ◽  
◽  
Doris Ka Chuen Mok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Hedonic Pricing ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Repeat Sales ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Value Capture ◽  
Property Prices ◽  
East West

This study examines the impacts of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link on the residential property prices in West Kowloon, in which the terminus and only station of the Hong Kong section of the high-speed rail link is located. The express rail is characterised as being a link between Hong Kong and her motherland, China, which is a major source of buyers of property in Hong Kong. We investigate if there is an east-west connection premium introduced by the project by examining the spatial and temporal changes of property prices in the affected areas. Based on a sample of 282,131 transactions, this study uses the hedonic pricing and repeat sales models to examine whether property prices in West Kowloon have increased because of the development of the high-speed rail which signifies a link between Hong Kong and China and whether they have dropped because of the 2019 political movements which emphasize a decoupling. We find significant and consistent evidence to support these hypotheses from both the hedonic price and repeat sales models. The accessibility premium has been capitalised into property prices since the announcement of the project, and the size of the premium is the largest during the announcement period. However, the east-west connection premium is significantly offset by the recent events of political unrest, with properties that are located nearest the West Kowloon Station being the most affected. We derive policy implications regarding practical implications for the design and implementation of land value capture schemes and urban planning.

scholarly journals High-Speed Rail for Freight: Potential Developments and Impacts on Urban Dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Strale
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Rail Services

At present, high-speed rail is used only as a mode of passenger transport. Yet, the acceleration of logistics and freight transport flows could be compatible with high-speed rail capabilities. This article examines the experiences, literature and prospects of high-speed rail for freight. It uses three hypotheses to evaluate the development of freight high-speed rail services in Europe. The article concludes by describing the potential impacts on urban dynamics. It appears that the potential of freight high-speed rail services is limited in Europe, because of logistical constraints and network capabilities. Nevertheless, policies followed in Europe may change the situation.

East–West cooperation in the automotive industry: Enterprises, mobility, production

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Fava ◽  
Luminita Gatejel
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Eastern And Western Europe ◽  
East West

The paper introduces the special issue ‘East–West cooperation in the automotive industry: Enterprises, mobility, production’ which includes four contributions on the development of socialist automotive industry and on the technological relations between Eastern and Western Europe during the Cold War. The 1960s and 1970s intense relations between socialist governments and Western European automobile companies provide further evidence of the permeability of the Iron Curtain, the early entanglements between the two blocs and the lack of internal cohesion inside each of them. The papers stress the role of the enterprise, both socialist and capitalist, as a crucial agent in directing East–West flows of technology and knowledge. They invite to reconsider the classical vision of West–East transfer of technology and to go deeper in the study of the political uses of foreign technology and on the processes of reception, adaptation and transformation of Western technologies in Socialist Europe.

Research on Prediction of High-Speed Rail Trains Delay Time

CICTP 2020 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shi ◽  
Qiyuan Peng ◽  
Ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Delay Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Rail

Ken Russell's Wartime Imagery

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
War Films ◽  
Personal Style ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Wartime Experience ◽  
National Experience

This article traces Ken Russell's explorations of war and wartime experience over the course of his career. In particular, it argues that Russell's scattered attempts at coming to terms with war, the rise of fascism and memorialisation are best understood in terms of a combination of Russell's own tastes and personal style, wider stylistic and thematic trends in Euro-American cinema during the 1960s and 1970s, and discourses of collective national experience. In addition to identifying Russell's recurrent techniques, this article focuses on how the residual impacts of the First and Second World Wars appear in his favoured genres: literary adaptations and composer biopics. Although the article looks for patterns and similarities in Russell's war output, it differentiates between his First and Second World War films by indicating how he engages with, and temporarily inhabits, the stylistic regime of the enemy within the latter group.

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