scholarly journals AWARENESS AND APPLICATION OF HOSPITAL INFECTION CONTROL MEASURES AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN THE HOSPITALS OF AN URBAN AREA IN EL- MINIA GOVERNORATE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 516-522
Author(s):  
KhaledHusseinMIEl dessouki ◽  
◽  
SanaaMahmoudAhmed Hassan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Infection Control

scholarly journals Compliance of Healthcare Professionals with Safety Measures for Control of Hepatitis Viruses in Hemodialysis Centers: An Experience from Southeast Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sodaif Darvish Moghaddam ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zahedi ◽  
Mahdieh Dalili ◽  
Mostafa Shokoohi
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Single Use

Introduction. Noncompliance with the recommended infection control measures by the healthcare professionals (HCPs) plays a major role in transmission of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses in hemodialysis (HD) wards. This study aimed to determine the compliance rate of the HCP with safety measures in the HD wards in southeast Iran. Patients and Methods. A total of 208 patients were enrolled. Adherence of HCPs with standard infection control measures was assessed. Results. Sixty-one HCPs with a mean age of 32.4 ± 11.2 years old were responsible for healthcare services. Compliance with the following items was weak: not sharing medications trolley (29.8%), disinfecting the shared instruments (46.2%), using single use materials for many patients (52.4%), carrying used materials in disposable containers (51.9%), not returning of unused materials to the clean room (55.3%), and adherence to hand washing (58.7%). Periodic monitoring for HBV and HCV was performed on 100% and 69.7% of the patients, respectively. Less than 2/3 of HCPs participated in the retraining courses. Conclusion. Compliance of HCPs with safety measures for viral hepatitis prevention was partly inadequate in HD wards. Emphasis on retraining of HCPs and official supervision would be effective steps in the reduction of viral dissemination.

scholarly journals Why sensitive bacteria are resistant to hospital infection control

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther van Kleef ◽  
Nantasit Luangasanatip ◽  
Marc J Bonten ◽  
Ben S. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Sensitive Strain ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Resistant Strains

Background: Large reductions in the incidence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile have been observed in response to multifaceted hospital-based interventions. Reductions in antibiotic-sensitive strains have been smaller or non-existent. It has been argued that since infection control measures, such as hand hygiene, should affect resistant and sensitive strains equally, observed changes must have largely resulted from other factors, including changes in antibiotic use. We used a mathematical model to test the validity of this reasoning. Methods: We developed a mechanistic model of resistant and sensitive strains in a hospital and its catchment area. We assumed the resistant strain had a competitive advantage in the hospital and the sensitive strain an advantage in the community. We simulated a hospital hand hygiene intervention that directly affected resistant and sensitive strains equally. The annual incidence rate ratio (IRR) associated with the intervention was calculated for hospital- and community-acquired infections of both strains. Results: For the resistant strain, there were large reductions in hospital-acquired infections (0.1 ≤ IRR ≤ 0.6) and smaller reductions in community-acquired infections (0.2 ≤ IRR ≤  0.9). These reductions increased in line with increasing importance of nosocomial transmission of the strain. For the sensitive strain, reductions in hospital acquisitions were much smaller (0.6 ≤ IRR ≤ 0.9), while communityacquisitions could increase or decrease (0.9 ≤ IRR ≤ 1.2). The greater the importance of the community environment for the transmission of the sensitive strain, the smaller the reductions. Conclusions: Counter-intuitively, infection control interventions, including hand hygiene, can have strikingly discordant effects on resistant and sensitive strains even though they target them equally, following differences in their adaptation to hospital and community-based transmission. Observed lack of effectiveness of control measures for sensitive strains does not provide evidence that infection control interventions have been ineffective in reducing resistant strains.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Common Hospital Hand Disinfectants Against Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus,Glycopeptide-Intermediate S.aureus,and Heterogeneous Glycopeptide-IntermediateS. aureus

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Wootton ◽  
Timothy R. Walsh ◽  
Eleri M. Davies ◽  
Robin A. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Mssa Strain

Background.The presence of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and glycopeptide-intermediateS. aureus(GISA) in hospitals poses a significant challenge to hospital infection control teams. The use of disinfectants for both surface and hand cleaning is an essential part of the infection control measures.Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness of common hospital hand disinfectants against MRSA, GISA, and heterogeneous GISA (hGISA).Methods.For methicillin-susceptible S.aureus(MSSA), MRSA, GISA, and hGISA, the levels of susceptibility to hand disinfectants and their active ingredients were determined. Suspension tests were performed on commercial handwashing products.Results.Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2-propanol, Chlorhexidine, and hexachlorophene were similar for all phenotypes. The MICs of cetrimide and triclosan were higher for the MRSA, GISA, and hGISA strains than for the MSSA strain. The MICs for the chlorhexidine-containing agents Hibisol and Hibiscrub (AstraZeneca) and for the propanol-containing agent Sterillium (Medline) were 1-2-fold lower for the MSSA strains than for the MRSA, GISA, and hGISA strains. Suspension tests showed that the GISA and hGISA strains were less susceptible to the triclosan-containing agent Aquasept (SSL) than were the MRSA and MSSA strains, with resistance increasing with glycopeptide resistance. Products containing Betadine (Purdue) were more effective against the GISA and hGISA strains than against the MRSA and MSSA strains, especially after the strain was exposed to the product for 30 seconds.Conclusions.Using the EN 1040 standard criteria for the performance of disinfectants, we determined that all agents, except 50% Aquasept for hGISA and 0.33% hexachlorophene for GISA, performed effectively. However, the GISA and hGISA strains were less susceptible to triclosan-containing products, compared with the MRSA stains, but were more susceptible to products containing Betadine.

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