scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF SUNSCREEN CONTAINING OCTYL SALICYLATE AND ZINC OXIDE – COMPARISON OF SUN PROTECTION FACTOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Aayush Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Sun Protection Factor

Formulation and Sun Protection Factor Estimation of Squash Cucurbita maxima Seeds Sunblock Lotion

10.17158/322 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane G. Barluado
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Sun Protection Factor

<p>The fact that the sun’s ultraviolet (UVA and UVB) radiation reaches the earth’s surface associates sun exposure with many skin problems such as sunburn, photoaging, hyperpigmentation, and skin cancers. Because sunlight is unavoidable, sunscreen/sunblock application is essential to protect the skin from the mentioned problems. Zinc, in the form of zinc oxide, is an active ingredient in sunblocks as it deflects away UVA and UVB. Zinc is an immunologically important mineral that helps in wound healing, antiinflammation, and cell protection. One natural and rich source of zinc is squash seeds, which many consider as trash. This study features the formulation of a sunblock lotion using squash seeds as the active ingredient. Squash seeds extract and powder were first subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) to quantitate zinc content, and enough were used to formulate a sunblock lotion to a final zinc concentration of 5%. Various physical tests on the finished product showed that it is stable and gentle, having high melting point of 440C, and being easily spreadable, water insoluble, and weakly basic at pH 7.5. Patch tests gave negative results in all subjects, indicating the product’s hypoallergenicity. UV spectrophotometry revealed substantially low UV absorbance (&lt;0.03 from 290nm – 320nm wavelengths), which is consistent with the action of zinc oxide as UV deflector, not absorber. The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) was determined using a modified formula set by the US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 based on the ratio of minimal erythema (skin redness due to dilated dermal capillaries) on protected skin to that on unprotected skin, and was calculated to be SPF20. Further, costing and pricing analysis showed the production cost to be P0.80/mL, and recommended selling price (at 100% markup) of P1.60/mL, which is up to 13 times cheaper than popular commercial brands of similar effectiveness. Thus, the study successfully formulated a gentle, effective, and affordable sunblock lotion using squash seeds as organic active ingredient.</p>

In Vitro Evaluation of Sun Protection Factor of Plant Extracts By Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Geeta Bhandari Garima Negi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Skin Protection ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Acute And Chronic Exposure ◽  
Sunscreen Products

Abstract-Acute and chronic exposure to nonphysiological doses of ultraviolet radiation leads to variety of changes of skin ranging from sun-burn, erythema to skin cancer. For skin protection from deleterious effects of sunlight, sunscreen products are used in various forms having chemical and physical filters. However, synthetic sunscreen formulations are reported to cause adverse effects. Thus the present study was planned to evaluate the sun protection factor (SPF) of leaves extract of Murraya koenigii for their application as herbal sunscreens. The results suggested that the occurrence of active compounds responsible for ultraviolet absorption can be extracted for use in sunscreens preparations as better, cheaper and safe alternative to harmful chemical sunscreens. Keywords: UV radiations, SPF, Murraya koenigii

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Sunscreen Cream from Moringa oleifera and Turbinaria conoides

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Rini Yanuarti ◽  
Nurfitriyana Nurfitriyana ◽  
Muhammad Zuchryanto ◽  
Ginanjar Pratama ◽  
Aris Munandar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Turbinaria Conoides ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
And Control ◽  
Good Homogeneity

Research on the combination of natural ingredients from brown seaweed and Moringa, to be used as sunscreen has been nothing. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the best formulation from sunscreen evaluation. In this study, the ratio of Moringa oleifera and Turbinaria conoides was 1:1 (cream L), 2:1 (cream M), 1:2 (cream N), and control (no added both of natural ingredients) (cream K). The evaluation of sunscreen cream by Sun Protection Factor (SPF) activity, viscosity, pH, homogeneity, and microbial test. SPF values in this study from cream K, L, M, and N were 0.75±2.31, 17.80±0.97, 9.48±1.41, and 15.97±2.38, respectively. Viscosity values were 22,400 cPs for cream K; 32,400 cPs for cream L; 26,000 cPs for cream M; and 32,800 cPs for cream N. The pH value of sunscreen cream in cream K, L, M, N were 7.30±0.02, 6.51±0.02, 6.38±0.04, and 6.43±0.04, respectively. In all of the treatments of sunscreen cream, microbial tests are absent and have good homogeneity. The ratio of 1:1 (cream L) between M. oleifera and T. conoides has a good synergistic effect to ward off UV B light, therefore cream L is the best sunscreen cream in this study.

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