scholarly journals Reproductive behavior of women from a rural community in Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 497-504
Author(s):  
Ivone Ketura Silva Cabral ◽  
Wilsandrei Cella ◽  
Silvia Regina Sampaio Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Amazonas State

The objective of this descriptive and retrospective study was to delineate the reproductive profile of women living in a rural community of Tefé Municipality, Amazonas State, Brazil. The target audience included women (n = 10), aged 18 years and older, living in the Agrovila community, rural area, distant 13.2 km from the center of Tefé. All participants were interviewed, individually, based on a questionnaire designed exclusively for the present study. The results of the descriptive analyzes indicated that the interviewees reached the menarche between 13 and 17 years old, and the first pregnancy occurred during adolescence, between 14 and 16 years old. Half of the women interviewed reported regular use of contraceptive methods regularly. However, the average number of children per woman was 4.6 children. All women reported prenatal care in all pregnancies. However, 50% reported complications during pregnancy; while 20% had one or two miscarriages due to eclampsia. These data point to the need to improve prenatal consultations, raise awareness about the risks of eclampsia for maternal health, as well as the creation of reproductive health programs that recognize the social and cultural conditions of isolated Amazonian communities.

scholarly journals Planning Methods in Ecuador’s Indigenous People

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Robles-Bykbaev ◽  
Nina Naula ◽  
Javier Cornejo-Reyes ◽  
Ana Parra ◽  
Vladimir Robles-Bykbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Social ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Rights

Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is a fundamental human right that implies knowledge and exercise of sexual and reproductive rights (SSR). Among the latter are access to knowledge and use of contraceptive methods; therefore, SSR should be experienced as a constant experience that allows women to achieve full satisfaction and security in their sexual and reproductive sphere through their subjectivity, their body, and their social and cultural life. Knowing about family planning allows having the desired number of children determining the interval between pregnancies and choosing the contraceptive method according to the social, cultural and psychological beliefs, needs and conditions of each woman. However, indigenous women from Canton Cañar (Ecuador) have less access and knowledge to contraceptive methods, mainly due to the influence of social, cultural, religious and economic factors, among others. The lack of information about family planning in indigenous populations of the South of Ecuador has motivated this study; through a medical-anthropological approach, it is intended to determine what is the preference regarding contraceptive methods in indigenous Cañari women in the context of the Cañari culture and what are their perceptions regarding such methods.

The Paradox of Poverty: Socio-Economic Aspects of Population Growth.— By T. Scarlett Epstein and Darrell Jackson. The Macmillan of India Limited Delhi, 1975. pp.127.

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-382
Author(s):  
M. Javed Akbar Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Fertility Decision ◽  
The Social

To many social theoreticians, the population explosion, particularly in the developing nations presents a crippling threat to their developmental pro¬cesses. Their argument's validity rests mainly on the assumption that expected economic progress is swallowed up by unbalanced rise of numbers in the population. The book being reviewed deals mainly with this subject matter and is divided into two parts, each containing three articles contributed by various researchers. Part one, 'The Social context of Fertility Decision' is focused on analyzing the role of factors affecting fertility at the micro-level decision making process. The first article 'Fertility decision in rural India' by Vinod Jainath, examines the applicability to rural India of various models of the process of fertility decision making and finds most of these wanting with respect to the Indian social situation. While analyzing the fertility patterns of Rural India, he points out the positive need for larger families among the poor small farmers mainly due to labour supply considerations. The author argues that unemployment and under¬employment actually motivate the poor to have more children as it better ensures their economic security in their old age. As the chances of gaining employ¬ment for their offspring diminish, they are induced to increase the total number of children in order that atleast one will be able to support them. Thus a vicious circle of poverty arises in large families because of each of the parents wanting to increase their children's chances of employment by ultimately reducing the overall employment opportunities even further and exacerbating their poverty.

COMPORTAMENTO REPRODUTIVO DAS MULHERES RIBEIRINHAS DO AMANÃ

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edila Arnaud Ferreira Moura
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
The Mean

This work presents the results of a study about the reproductive behavior of riverine women living in the Sustainable Development Reserve Amanã, in the Middle Solimões region, state of Amazonas. The study was done in 2001 with the objective of identify aspects of the reproductive behavior of 83 women, collected through reproductive history methodology. These women live in small localities along the rivers and lakes in the middle of the Amazonian forest. The study identified that these women initialize their reproductive period at the age of 17, in average, and the mean age of their last pregnancy occurs at the age of 42, considering those above 50 years old. 36% of these 83 women had lost one or more of their children before the age of five. Only 16% use contraceptives and 12% are sterilized. They don’t have access to the basic health assistance in a regular basis and the local midwives are extremely important in their assistance during pregnancy and delivery. This study em phasizes the importance of reproductive health programs including those social and cultural local conditions.

scholarly journals Improving maternal health services through social accountability interventions in Nepal: an analytical review of existing literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adweeti Nepal ◽  
Santa Kumar Dangol ◽  
Anke van der Kwaak
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
Maternal Health Services ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The persistent quality gap in maternal health services in Nepal has resulted in poor maternal health outcomes. Accordingly, the Government of Nepal (GoN) has placed emphasis on responsive and accountable maternal health services and initiated social accountability interventions as a strategical approach simultaneously. This review critically explores the social accountability interventions in maternal health services in Nepal and its outcomes by analyzing existing evidence to contribute to the informed policy formulation process. Methods A literature review and desk study undertaken between December 2018 and May 2019. An adapted framework of social accountability by Lodenstein et al. was used for critical analysis of the existing literature between January 2000 and May 2019 from Nepal and other low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) that have similar operational context to Nepal. The literature was searched and extracted from database such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, and web search engines such as Google Scholar using defined keywords. Results The study found various social accountability interventions that have been initiated by GoN and external development partners in maternal health services in Nepal. Evidence from Nepal and other LMICs showed that the social accountability interventions improved the quality of maternal health services by improving health system responsiveness, enhancing community ownership, addressing inequalities and enabling the community to influence the policy decision-making process. Strong gender norms, caste-hierarchy system, socio-political and economic context and weak enforceability mechanism in the health system are found to be the major contextual factors influencing community engagement in social accountability interventions in Nepal. Conclusions Social accountability interventions have potential to improve the quality of maternal health services in Nepal. The critical factor for successful outcomes in maternal health services is quality implementation of interventions. Similarly, continuous effort is needed from policymakers to strengthen monitoring and regulatory mechanism of the health system and decentralization process, to improve access to the information and to establish proper complaints and feedback system from the community to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of the interventions. Furthermore, more study needs to be conducted to evaluate the impact of the existing social accountability interventions in improving maternal health services in Nepal.

scholarly journals Common Diseases and Some Demographic Characteristics among Saudi Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdulrahman Al-Haramlah ◽  
Fawziah Al-Bakr ◽  
Haniah Merza
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Common ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

<p class="apa">This study aimed to detect the common diseases among Saudi women and their relationship with the level of physical activity and some variables. This study was applied to 1233 Saudi woman in different regions of the Kingdom, and adopted to explore the common diseases: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol and asthma.</p><p class="apa">The study results showed the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the common diseases among Saudi women and the variables of educational level, the nature of the profession, the social status, the justification of the practice of physical activity, the rate of participation in physical activity per week, the practice of physical activity in relation to asthma and the number of children with regard to obesity.</p><p class="apa">The study provided a number of recommendations including: the need to strengthen the role of culture in promoting physical activity by women, through health education via the health centers in the Kingdom.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical and psychological repercussions of videolaparoscopic tubal ligation: observational, single cohort, retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Spadoto Dias ◽  
Rogério Dias ◽  
Jorge Nahás-Neto ◽  
Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahás ◽  
Nilton José Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Tubal Ligation ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Premenstrual Symptoms ◽  
Bipolar Electrocoagulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Single Cohort

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Tubal ligation is one of the most commonly used contraceptive methods worldwide. Since the controversy over the potential effects of tubal sterilization still continues, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical and psychological repercussions of videolaparoscopic tubal ligation.DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational, single cohort, retrospective study, conducted in a tertiary public hospital.METHODS: A questionnaire was applied to 130 women aged 21-46 years who underwent videolaparoscopic tubal ligation by means of tubal ring insertion or bipolar electrocoagulation and sectioning, between January 1999 and December 2007. Menstrual cycle interval, intensity and duration of bleeding, premenstrual symptoms, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, noncyclic pelvic pain and degree of sexual satisfaction were assessed in this questionnaire. Each woman served as her own control, and comparisons were made between before and after the surgical procedure and between the two techniques used.RESULTS: The clinical and psychological repercussions were significant, with increases in bleeding (P = 0.001), premenstrual symptoms (P < 0.001), dysmenorrhea (P = 0.019) and noncyclic pelvic pain (P = 0.001); and reductions in the number of sexual intercourse occurrences per week (P = 0.001) and in libido (P = 0.001). Women aged ≤ 35 years at the time of sterilization were more likely to develop menstrual abnormalities. The bipolar electrocoagulation method showed greater clinical and psychological repercussions.CONCLUSION: Regardless of the technique used, videolaparoscopic tubal ligation had repercussions consisting of increased menstrual flow and premenstrual symptoms, especially in women aged ≤ 35 years, and also had a negative influence on sexual activity.

scholarly journals Patterns of induced abortion in urban area of Southeastern region, Brazil

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca de Souza e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Single Women ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Southeastern Region ◽  
Fertile Women

OBJECTIVE: To assess the behavior of induced abortion as a function of certain demographic variables, for the population of fertile women (15 to 49 years old) residing in the Vila Madalena subdistrict S. Paulo (Brazil). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Two population samples were selected. One sample, with 996 women, investigated the incidence of induced abortions during 1987, using the RRT. In the other, involving 1,004 women, the same information was detected through a conventional approach. In both samples, the induced abortion occurring during the reproductive life was recorded in direct fashion. Though this analysis refers only to information about past abortions, that is by 2,000 women -, it should be noted that it is exactly the RRT that lends credibility to the found or results given results. CONCLUSION: The analysis furnishes evidence showing that single women, young women between the ages of 15 and 19, women who have not had live births, women who have a number of children below the expected ideal, women who use contraceptive methods (especially inefficient ones) and women who do not have any restrictions as to abortion constitute the categories most inclined to resort to induced abortion. This grouping suggests the existence of interrelationships between categories, that is, each of these categories is probably composed primarily of the same women, those who are at the beginning of their reproductive lives.

scholarly journals Developing partnerships in a paradigm shift to achieve conservation reality in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Els ◽  
J. Du P. Bothma
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Rural Community Development ◽  
The Social

In South Africa, communal rural community development has, for the most part, been viewed as an add-on, rather than as an integral value in the broad spectrum of conservation activities being practised in the country. This paper, therefore, argues for the reality-based adoption of an extension of existing conservation paradigms to incorporate the development of communal rural communities as an integral part of the overall wildlife conservation and management policy in South Africa. The answer to the seeming contradiction in the focus of wildlife conservation and rural development lies in the devel- opment of wildlife management programmes based on multi-disciplinary and multiinstitutional interaction, by also harnessing scientific knowledge and skills found in the social sciences. In this manner, the present largely lip service related to so-called com- munity participation in wildlife management can be changed into programmes which really achieve conservation-based community development enhancing survival for both the communities and their inherent natural resources.

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