scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of the white lily Moringa oleifera seed extract and its use in water treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Andrade ◽  
Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

White lily Moringa oleifera seed powder acts as a natural coagulant promoting the reduction of water turbidity by the coagulation and sedimentation of the suspended particles, also eliminating the microorganisms by sedimentation. The aqueous extract of M. oleifera presented an inhibitory capacity for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the hydroalcoholic extract inhibited S. aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Vibrio cholerae, using the agar diffusion test. Standard strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to the extracts. The water treatment through the aqueous extract of M. oleifera seeds at 0.02% and 0.01% concentrations was evaluated with the water samples collected in the Sinibu River, Paraíba State, Brazil, using the jar test. The water samples analyzed in this work were characterized by low turbidity (2.8-3.0 NTU), and pH and alkalinity between 5.8-7.3 and 10-30 mg CaCO3/L, respectively. After water treatment with M. oleifera aqueous extract, it was observed that pH, turbidity and alkalinity did not change significantly. Total heterotrophic bacteria counts in the crude water samples were between 1.9 x 10^5 UFC/100 mL and 1.1 x 10^6 CFU/100 mL, while the number of fecal coliforms was between 2.3 x 10^2 NMP/100 mL and 2.4 x 10^3 NMP/100 mL. The counts of total bacteria and fecal coliforms in the water samples treated with aqueous white lily extract at both concentrations tested (0.02% and 0.01%) during the 1.5-hour period did not differ significantly when compared to the untreated water. The results obtained in this work indicate that low turbidity of water influenced the efficacy of M. oleifera extract in the removal of bacteria in the treated water, since the level of coagulation depends on water turbidity.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Conventional and Non-Conventional Flocculants and Disinfectants on Microbial Contaminants in Water Purification

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
F. B. Omiyale ◽  
F. O. Ekundayo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Microbial Contaminants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

This work compares the effect of alum, a conventional flocculant to the bioflocculant isolated from Bacillus subtilis and Moringa oleifera seed powder (non conventional bioflocculants) and chlorine as disinfectant on microbial contaminants in water purification. Bioflocculant was purified from the sand sediments of Onyearugbulem market, jar test method was used in bioflocculating activity and dosage. Bioflocculant purified from Bacillus subtilis isolated from the sediments of Onyearugbulem market stream inhibited the growth of coliform for well, stream and abattoir waste water samples. On the other hand, alum sulfate when compared with bioflocculant at a dosage level of 200 mg for well and stream waters and 800 mg for abattoir waste water yielded flocculating activities of 87.33%, 78.42% and 24.60%. This indicates that purified bioflocculant was more effective than alum sulphate. Bioflocculant produced from Bacillus subtilis should be exploited in water treatment. Moringa oleifera seed powder exhibited both flocculating and disinfecting potentials in water treatment but not effective in the treatment of abattoir waste water. 

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effect of Moringa Extract and Powder on Coliform and BOD Variation with Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew I Aho ◽  
Jonah C Agunwamba
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Better Than

The study investigated the use of moringa extract and powder on coliform and BOD variation with time. Jar test analysis revealed optimum dosages that were used in the experimentation. Raw and waste water samples were treated separately with the extract and powder at detention periods of 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. Coliform and BOD values of the water samples which were either flocculated or not were measured. The results revealed that, raw water coliform in excess of 1700cfu/ml and BOD of 78mg/L were reduced to 540cfu/ml and 60mg/L after 72 hours of using moringa extract in the treatment. But the same treatment using particle sizes of the powder indicated poor performance, especially in waste water treatment. The study reveals that moringa oleifera extract is comparatively better than powder in raw and waste water treatment.                                                         Key words - Comparison, moringa extract, powder treatment

Tratabilidade de Água Superficial Utilizando Coagulantes Naturais à Base de Tanino e Extratos de Sementes de Moringa oleífera

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Thalles Vicente Barbosa Gomes ◽  
Tamara Daiane De Souza ◽  
Patricia Feliciano Braga Bruzze
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

O presente trabalho visa apresentar considerações sobre uma estratégia simplificada de tratamento de águas superficiais, empregando tanino Tanfloc SG e extrato de sementes de Moringa oleifera como coagulantes primários na tratabilidade dessa água para fins não nobres. Para avaliar a viabilidade do emprego destes coagulantes biodegradáveis e fazer um estudo comparativo entre a utilização deles foram realizados ensaios, utilizando o aparelho Jar Test com diferentes concentrações dos coagulantes e medições da turbidez em intervalos de sedimentação de 2 horas, além de diferentes faixas de pH. A Moringa oleifera não mostrou viabilidade na tratabilidade da água superficial. Verificou-se que a concentração de 5mg.L-1 de tanino Tanfloc SG, para um tempo de sedimentação de 2 horas, foi a que proporcionou a maior redução de turbidez (79%). A partir de diferentes faixas de pH (5 e 9), a Moringa oleifera não apresentou nenhuma eficiência. Já o tanino mostrou viabilidade, sendo que em pH 5 houve uma redução de 87,9% e em pH 9 a redução da turbidez foi de 87,72%. Os estudos referidos, no presente trabalho, sugerem haver um maior potencial de aplicação do tanino como coagulante primário, por ter apresentado maior viabilidade no tratamento da água bruta em relação ao extrato de sementes de Moringa oleifera.Palavras-chave: Turbidez. Moringa oleifera. Tanino.AbstractThe aim of the present study is to present considerations on a simplified surface water treatment strategy using Tanfloc SG tannin and Moringa oleifera seed extract as primary coagulants in the treatability of this water for non-noble purposes. To evaluate the viability of the use of these biodegradable coagulants and to make a comparative study between the use of them, tests were performed using the Jar Test apparatus with different concentrations of coagulants and turbidity measurements in sedimentation intervals of 2 hours and different pH ranges. Moringa oleifera showed no viability in the surface water treatability. It was verified that the concentration of 5mg.L-1 of tanfloc SG tannin, for a settling time of 2 hours, was the one that provided the greatest turbidity reduction (79%). From different pH ranges (5 and 9), Moringa oleifera showed no efficiency. The tannin showed viability, and at pH 5 there was a reduction of 87.9% and at pH 9 the turbidity reduction was 87.72%. The studies referred to in this work suggest that there is a greater potential for the application of tannin as a primary coagulant, as it has been shown to be more viable in the treatment of crude water regarding the Moringaoleifera extract.Keywords: Turbidity. Moringa oleifera. Tannin.

scholarly journals Enhanced Coagulation Efficiency of Moringa Oleifera Seeds Through Selective Oil Extraction

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleyman A. Muyibi ◽  
Saad A. Abbas Megat Johari M. M. Noor Fakrul Razi Ahmadun
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Kaolin Suspension ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

In this laboratory based study, varying quantities of oil, corresponding to 20 % w/w, 25 % w/w and 30 % w/w kernel weight extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds ( S1, S2, S3) respectively  were applied in the coagulation of model turbid water (kaolin suspension) and turbid river water samples from River Batang Kali and River Selangor in Malaysia to determine the percentage oil removed which gave the best coagulation efficiency. For model turbid water (kaolin suspension) coagulation of low turbidity of 35 NTU, medium turbidity of 100 NTU and high turbidity of 300 NTU, sample S2  gave the best turbidity removal corresponding to 91.7%, 95.5% and 99% respectively. Application of sample S2 to River Batang Kali with low initial turbidity of 32 NTU and high initial turbidity of 502 NTU gave a highest turbidity removal of 69% and 99% respectively. Application to River Selangor with medium initial turbidity- of 87 NTU and high initial turbidity of 466 NTU gave a highest residual turbidity' of 94% and 98.9%,  respectively.Key words: Moringa oleifera seed, selective oil extraction, coagulation, model turbid water (kaolin suspension), river water, turbidity removal.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Untreated Water in Northern Ireland

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 7107-7112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Whan ◽  
Hywel J. Ball ◽  
Irene R. Grant ◽  
Michael T. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Untreated Water

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the known cause of Johne's disease of both domestic and wild ruminants and has been implicated as a possible cause of Crohn's disease in humans. The organism is shed in the feces of infected animals and can survive for protracted periods in the environment and hence could be present in catchment areas receiving agricultural runoff. A limited survey was undertaken in Northern Ireland to test for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in untreated water entering nine water treatment works (WTWs) over a 1-year period. Three detection methods were employed, viz., immunomagnetic separation-PCR and culture on Herrold's egg yolk medium (HEYM) and BACTEC 12B medium, the latter both supplemented with mycobactins. Of the 192 untreated water samples tested, 15 (8%) tested M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis positive by one or more of the three detection methods. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was successfully isolated from eight untreated water samples, three by BACTEC culture and five by culture on HEYM. Although the highest incidence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was found in spring, overall, there was no statistically significant difference between the seasons. No significant correlation was found between numbers of coliforms or fecal coliforms and the presence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. In general, a higher incidence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was found in untreated water entering those WTWs that had a high mean water pH value over the sampling period. This work indicates the need to determine the efficacy of water treatment processes to either kill or remove M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis from untreated water and the possible risks posed by contact with recreational water sources.

scholarly journals Moringa oleifera seed as a natural coagulant to treat low-turbidity water by in-line filtration

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
João Vitor Mariano Ribeiro ◽  
Priscila Vega Andrade ◽  
Adriano Gonçalves dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Cationic Proteins ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Mechanism ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed ◽  
Filtration Technique

This study evaluated the use of Moringa oleifera (MO) seed as a natural coagulant for the removal of turbidity and apparent color in the water treatment with low initial turbidity through the in-line filtration technique. The morphology and surface charge were investigated by characterization techniques such as optical microscopy, laser particle size, and zeta potential. The cationic proteins of the MO seed were extracted in aqueous solution. The jar test showed the potability standards for turbidity and apparent color were reached in the pH range from 4.0 to 8.5 and dosages ≥ 5 mg L-1 of MO. The dominant coagulation mechanism is adsorption and charge neutralization. This study showed that treating low-turbidity water with MO seed by the in-line filtration technique is possible.

scholarly journals A Breakthrough in Water Purification Using an Oligodynamic Metal and Moringa Oleifera Seed

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alakaparampil Joseph Varkey
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

A simple, efficient and stand-alone method for purification of river water using moringa seed powder and copper is discussed. Coagulant property of the seed powder clears turbid raw water and the oligodynamic activity of copper completely destroys E.coli bacteria. Both raw and treated water samples were tested for contaminants to verify the efficacy of the system. Treated water has turbidity in the range 3 NTU - 5 NTU and non-detected (< 1 MPN/100 mL) E.coli count making it suitable for drinking. The technique is very cost effective and can be practiced anywhere using locally available materials. It does not require a power source or any technical assistance. Being a stand-alone system the technique exceptionally useful in providing drinking water as an immediate solution in disaster areas affected by cyclone or floods.

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