scholarly journals Antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic properties of Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (Dioscoreales: Dioscoreaceae) tuber’s aqueous extracts in the rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 67-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doubla Sali Aissatou ◽  
Josiane Thérèse Ngatchic Metsagang ◽  
Celestin Dongmo Sokeng ◽  
Nicolas Yanou Njintang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
High Fat

Tubers of Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (Dioscoreales: Dioscoreaceae) play an important role in food substitution during the periods of food shortage in occidental and central Africa. It is also used in traditional medicine for the treatment of the diarrhea, dysentery, stomach evil, viral hepatitis and the infection of guinea worn. This study attempted to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic properties of aqueous extracts of the tubers of T. leontopetaloides in rats. For this experimentation, two tests were done: antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic tests. Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats with High Fat Diet containing 300 g of egg yolk, 2 g of cholesterol, 250 g of coconut oil and 50 g of soya oil. The group of rats on which the antihyperlipidemic test was done was fed with High Fat Diet and supplemented with T. leontopetaloides aqueous extract at 27.34 mg/kg, and 54.68 mg/kg; after 21 days of experimentation, the different groups of rats were sacrificed. The lipid profile and some biochemical parameters were evaluated. Organs like kidneys, liver and stomach were taken for histopathological evaluation. For the hypolipidemic test, after three weeks of induction of hyperlipidemia, the diet was changed to normal diet and aqueous extract of tubers was given to rats during 21 days at doses of 3.41 mg/kg and 13.67 mg/kg. The animals were sacrificed after 21 days of experimentation. The lipid profile, some biochemical parameters and histopathology of organs were evaluated. The antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic tests of aqueous extract of the tubers of T. leontopetaloides induced reduction in total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and an increase in HDL-cholesterol significantly (p < 0.05); decreasing activities of ALAT and ASAT enzymes, levels of creatinin remained no changed. Histopathological study revealed that extracts did not repair the destructions of liver cells and glomerules of kidneys caused by High Fat Diet. Aqueous extract of tubers of T. leontopetaloides exhibits antihyperlipidemic and hypolipidemic activities; hence it could be important in the management of cardiovascular diseases.

Ethanol Extract of Crataegus Oxyacantha L. Ameliorate Dietary Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rat

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 553-559
Author(s):  
Golbahar Saeedi ◽  
Fereshteh Jeivad ◽  
Mohammadhadi Goharbari ◽  
Gholamreza Gheshlaghi ◽  
Omid Sabzevari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Diet Change ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is one the most prevalent disease worldwide which characterized by fat accumulation in liver with no established efficient therapy. We designed this study to investigate protective and therapeutic effect of Crataegus oxyacantha L. (C. oxyacantha) on NAFLD induced by high fat diet in rat models. Methods NAFLD was induced by High Fat Diet+fructose (HFD), 45 Wistar rats were divided to 8 groups including control, HFD, HFD+diet change, HFD+diet change+C. oxyacantha 20 mg/kg, co treatment of HFD+C. oxyacantha 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, and normal diet+C. oxyacantha 40 mg. C. oxyacantha was administered orally. Effectiveness of the C. oxyacantha was assessed through measuring the biochemical factors, and oxidative stress marker (FRAP, GSH, and MDA). Histopathological study was performed using H & E staining. Results The diet change from high fat to low fat ameliorated liver damage. However, consumption of C. oxyacantha (10 & 20 mg/kg) caused significant reduction in the level of all examined liver biomarkers specially LDH, that showed C. oxyacantha can restore the hepatocyte damage due to HFD. The C. oxyacantha showed a protective effect which was more prominent in the animals treated with the 20 mg/kg C. oxyacantha. The administration of C. oxyacantha caused increased antioxidant status (GSH and FRAP levels) and decreased lipid peroxidation in treated animals. Major Conclusion Accordingly, C. oxyacantha have both therapeutic and protective effect for NAFLD and may be a potential candidate for further assessments in clinical studies.

scholarly journals Comparative biochemical studies of aqueous extract of Egyptian black and raw garlic (Allium sativum) on hypercholesterolemia in rats fed a high-fat diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Abd El Wahab A. E. Safaa ◽  
◽  
A. M. Abdul Azeem ◽  
Mansour A. Amal ◽  
Al Shammari M. Eida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Concentration

Black garlic is a type of garlic that is processed for a specific period, with precisely controlled degrees of moisture and heat until the color of raw garlic turns black. Black garlic plays a strong role in preventing diseases such as hyperlipidemia. This study aims to compare the effect of Egyptian black garlic extract (EBG) and Egyptian raw garlic extract (ERG) at different concentrations on serum biochemical parameters in hyperlipidemia rats’ model. Fifty albino rats were divided randomly into 10 groups with five animals. Rats were fed a normal diet (control) G1, high-fat diet (HFD) 40% lard w/w were (G2- G10) for four weeks to promoting hypercholesterolemia for all rats except G1 (control). After that, HFD groups were treated with 1ml oral administration three times a week of 100% (G3), 75% (G4), 50% (G5), and 25% (G6) EBG extract for 6 weeks. G2 (HFD) was a high-fat diet alone without any extract. ERG extract feed group were treated in the same manner described above, and G7 (HFD+100% ERG extract), G8 (HFD+75% ERG extract), G9 (HFD+50% ERG extract), and G10 (HFD+25% ERG extract) as written here. EBG extract-treated group showed significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum (p < 0.05), decreased both level of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) in serum. EBG extract with high concentration (G3) causes down regulation of lipid and cholesterol (p < 0.05) comparing with ERG extract indicating usefulness for treating hypercholesterolemia. Body weights on rats decrease by feeding of EBG extract, along with liver enzymes decrease in EBG fed rats. This indicates the efficiency of black garlic extract in reducing the level of hypercholesterolemia and avoiding heart disease and atherosclerosis. Keywords: Allium sativum, garlic, black garlic, hypercholesterolemia, biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals TO EVALUATE THE ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC POTENTIAL OF QUERCETIN IN ALLOXANINDUCED DIABETIC RATS FED WITH HIGH-FAT DIET

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Biplav S ◽  
Sindhura G ◽  
Shivalinge Gowda K P
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Group Iii

 Objective: The main aim of the present study is concerned with the evaluation of anti-atherosclerotic potential of quercetin in alloxan-induced diabetic rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD).Methods: Atherosclerosis (AS) is the major cause for many of the cardiovascular disease, and it is accelerated in the presence of diabetes mellitus and causes profound alterations in the lipid profile. The method used for the induction of AS was using HFD for 60 days. In this study, rats were divided into four groups (n=6). Group I served as normal control, Group II alloxan (120 mg/kg b.w i.p)-treated diabetic rats, Group III received quercetin (50 mg/ kg b.w p.o), and Group IV received atorvastatin (10 mg/kg b.w p.o) along with alloxan (120 mg/kg b.w i.p) on the 1st day of the days of the study period. AS was induced in Group II, Group III, and Group IV rats by feeding them with HFD from the 1st day to 60th day. The body weight, feed intake was measured daily. The blood was withdrawn from retro-orbital plexus, and the serum was used for the estimation of lipid profile (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TGs], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], very LDL-C [VLDL-C], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]). After scarification under overdose of ketamine, the histopathological study of aorta was carried out.Results: The results showed that the quercetin-treated rats showed a decrease in body weight gain, decreased levels of TC, TGs, LDL-C, and VLDL-C, and increased levels of HDL-C were observed in Group III rats when compared to alloxan-induced diabetic rats fed with HFD (Group III). The histopathological study of aorta showed no development of plaques and of foam cells.Conclusion: From this study, it can be calculated that quercetin has anti-atherosclerotic activity as it significantly altered overall lipid profile in diabetic rats fed with HFD. This activity may be attributed to its antioxidant, inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity of quercetin.

scholarly journals Effect of Yogurt Fermented by Lactobacillus Fermentum TSI and L. Fermentum S2 Derived from a Mongolian Traditional Dairy Product on Rats with High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Won-Young Cho ◽  
Go-Eun Hong ◽  
Ha-Jung Lee ◽  
Su-Jung Yeon ◽  
Hyun-Dong Paik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Saline Administration

This study aimed to investigate the metabolic effect of yogurt fermented by Lactobacillus fermentum TSI and S2 isolated from a Mongolian traditional dairy product on rats with high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Quality characteristics of yogurt fermented by commercial starter (CON), L. fermentum TSI2 (TSI2 group), L. fermentum S2 (S2 group), and mixed TSI2 and S2 strains at 1:1 (MIX group), were verified. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups and administered the following diets: group NOR, normal diet with oral saline administration; group HF, high-fat diet (HD) with oral saline administration; group TSI, HD and L. fermentum TSI-fermented yogurt; group S2, HD and L. fermentum S2-fermented yogurt; and group MIX, HD and MIX-fermented yogurt. After eight weeks, the HD groups displayed significantly increased body weight and fat, serum cholesterol, and abdominal adipose tissue levels. However, serum HDL cholesterol levels were higher, triglyceride levels were lower, and abdominal adipocytes were smaller in the TSI and S2 groups than in the HF group. These results indicate that L. fermentum TSI reduces abdominal fat and improves blood lipid metabolism in HD-induced obese rats.

High fat worsens olanzapine induced metabolic abnormalities in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (10) ◽  
pp. 3065-3075
Author(s):  
Sahara Juita Jamaluddin ◽  
Kiran C. Nilugal ◽  
Nagaraj M. Kulkarni ◽  
Santosh Fattepur ◽  
Ibrahim Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Iii

PurposeOlanzapine is widely prescribed in the treatment of schizophrenia and various psychiatric illnesses. Schizophrenia patients have been reported to eat a diet that contain higher in fat and lower in fiber. High dietary fat intake can predispose to the development of metabolic abnormalities and exacerbate hepatic changes. The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of olanzapine and high fat diet on blood glucose, lipid profile and the liver in rats.Design/methodology/approachTwenty-four healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into following groups: group I was given normal diet, group II was given high fat diet, group III was given high fat diet and olanzapine (5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally twice daily) and group IV was given normal diet and olanzapine (at same dose). After 30 days, the blood samples were collected to assess levels of blood glucose and total lipid profile. Also, liver specimens were processed for histological study by using light microscope.FindingsGroup III showed significant increase in weight, blood glucose (p < 0.05), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p < 0.05) and decrease in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p < 0.05) when compared to group II. While group III revealed several histological changes including, dilatation and congestion of central veins and blood sinusoids as well some hepatocytes appeared damaged and were replaced by inflammatory cellular infiltrate.Originality/valueThese results suggest that olanzapine and high fat diet greatly increased the blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C and considerable decreased HDL-C as well as mild inflammatory changes

scholarly journals Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. Fruits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7788
Author(s):  
Noureddine Bencheikh ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Ilyass Alami Merrouni ◽  
Salima Boutahiri ◽  
Loubna Kharchoufa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Β Carotene

Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. (Z. lotus) is a medicinal plant species that is widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean basin. Moroccans traditionally use it to treat many illnesses thanks to its beneficial medicinal properties. The purpose of this study is to assess the anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of a flavonoid-rich aqueous extract of Z. lotus fruits (ZLF). The 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and the β-carotene bleaching test were used to determine the antioxidant activity of ZLF. The anti-hyperlipidemic effect of the aqueous extract of ZLF (200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated in albino mice exposed to the chronic high-fat diet, based on lipid profile, blood sugar, and changes in growth performance. The results showed that the aqueous extract of ZLF rich in flavonoids (2242.89 ± 25 µg QE (quercitin equivalent)/mg), and has a considerable antioxidant power against DPPH radicals (IC50 = 116 ± 0.02 µg/mL) and β-carotene oxidation. The aqueous extract of ZLF also showed a significant anti-hyperlipidemic effect by improving abnormal changes in lipid profile and blood glucose levels in albino mice exposed to a chronic high-fat diet. Our findings suggest that the anti-hyperlipidemic activities of ZLF aqueous extract are correlated with its flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the aqueous extract of ZLF could be an essential therapeutic candidate for hyperlipidemia patients, thanks to its richness in bioactive molecules.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy attenuates D-galactose-induced-age-related cardiac dysfunction through mitigating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in pre-diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bo-Htay ◽  
T Shwe ◽  
S Palee ◽  
T Pattarasakulchai ◽  
K Shinlapawittayatorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Lv Dysfunction ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions

Abstract Background D-galactose (D-gal) induced ageing has been shown to exacerbate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction via worsening of apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the heart of obese rats. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in multiple neurological disorders. However, the cardioprotective effect of HBOT on inflammation, apoptosis, LV and mitochondrial functions in D-gal induced ageing rats in the presence of obese-insulin resistant condition has never been investigated. Purpose We sought to determine the effect of HBOT on inflammation, apoptosis, mitochondrial functions and LV function in pre-diabetic rats with D-gal induced ageing. We hypothesized that HBOT attenuates D-gal induced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunctions and reduces inflammation and apoptosis, leading to improved LV function in pre-diabetic rats. Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Then, rats were treated with either vehicle groups (0.9% NSS, subcutaneous injection (SC)) or D-gal groups (150 mg/kg/day, SC) for 8 weeks. At week 21, rats in each group were equally divided into 6 sub-groups: normal diet fed rats treated with vehicle (NDV) sham, normal diet fed rats treated with D-gal (NDDg) sham, high fat diet fed rats treated with D-gal (HFDg) sham, high fat diet fed rats treated with vehicle (HFV) + HBOT, NDDg + HBOT and HFDg + HBOT. Sham treated rats were given normal concentration of O2 (flow rate of 80 L/min, 1 ATA for 60 minutes), whereas HBOT treated rats were subjected to 100% O2 (flow rate of 250 L/min, 2 ATA for 60 minutes), given once daily for 2 weeks. Results Under obese-insulin resistant condition, D-gal-induced ageing aggravated LV dysfunction (Fig 1A) and impaired cardiac mitochondrial function, increased cardiac inflammatory and apoptotic markers (Fig 1B). HBOT markedly reduced cardiac TNF-α level and TUNEL positive apoptotic cells, and improved cardiac mitochondrial function as indicated by decreased mitochondrial ROS production, mitochondrial depolarization and mitochondrial swelling, resulting in the restoration of the normal LV function in HFV and NDDg rats, compared to sham NDDg rats. In addition, in HFDg treated rats, HBOT attenuated cardiac TNF-α level, TUNEL positive apoptotic cells and cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, compared to sham HFDg rats, leading to improved cardiac function as indicated by increased %LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (Figure 1). Conclusion HBOT efficiently alleviates D-gal-induced-age-related LV dysfunction through mitigating inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in pre-diabetic rats. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): 1. The National Science and Technology Development Agency Thailand, 2. Thailand Research Fund Grants

Lactobacillus plantarum DR7 improved brain health in aging rats via the serotonin, inflammatory and apoptosis pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 753-766
Author(s):  
A.I. Zaydi ◽  
L.-C. Lew ◽  
Y.-Y. Hor ◽  
M.H. Jaafar ◽  
L.-O. Chuah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dietary Strategy ◽  
Apoptosis Pathways ◽  
Insight Into

Aging processes affect the brain in many ways, ranging from cellular to functional levels which lead to cognitive decline and increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the potentials of Lactobacillus plantarum DR7 on brain health including cognitive and memory functions during aging and the impacts of high fat diet during a 12-week period. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into six groups: (1) young animals on normal diet (ND, (2) young animals on a high fat diet (HFD), (3) aged animals on ND, (4) aged animals on HFD, (5) aged animals on HFD and L. plantarum DR7 (109 cfu/day) and (6) aged animals receiving HFD and lovastatin. To induce ageing, all rats in group 3 to 6 were injected sub-cutaneously at 600 mg/kg/day of D-galactose daily. The administration of DR7 has reduced anxiety accompanied by enhanced memory during behavioural assessments in aged-HFD rats (P<0.05). Hippocampal concentration of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased during aging but reduced upon administration of both statin and DR7. Expressions of hippocampal neurotransmitters and apoptosis genes showed reduced expressions of indoleamine dioxygenase and P53 accompanied by increased expression of TPH1 in aged- HFD rats administered with DR7, indicating potential effects of DR7 along the pathways of serotonin and oxidative senescence. This study provided an insight into potentials of L. plantarum DR7 as a prospective dietary strategy to improve cognitive functions during aging. This study provided an insight into potentials of L. plantarum DR7 as a prospective dietary strategy to improve cognitive functions during aging.

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