scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency Among University Students: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and the Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Episodes of Respiratory Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 2733-2741
Author(s):  
Balsam Qubais Saeed ◽  
Ammar A Jairoun ◽  
Ahmed Ashraf Khamis ◽  
Linah Abdulrahim ◽  
Amal Abobakr Aljomhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
University Students ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Multifactorial aetiology of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kleszyk ◽  
◽  
Elżbieta Mizgała-Izworska ◽  
Anna Góra ◽  
Maciej Przybył ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections

Recurrent respiratory tract infections in children are a common health problem. Exposure to harmful environmental agents and coexistence of chronic diseases affect the severity and rate of infections. Ineffective outpatient treatment is an indication for a more comprehensive diagnostic workup. The aim of the study was to determine the cause of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children. The study group included 130 children aged 3–17 years who were referred for diagnostic investigation to determine the cause of recurrent respiratory tract infections. The eligibility criterion for the study group was the occurrence of 8 or more respiratory tract infections a year in children aged up to 6 years and 5 or more infections a year in children aged 7–17 years. The study group was subdivided into the following age groups: 3–5 years (n = 60), 6–9 years (n = 35), 10–13 years (n = 11) and 14–17 years (n = 24). The presence of potential risk factors for recurrent infection was analysed on the basis of questionnaires. Tests and examinations were also performed in order to exclude allergies, ear, nose and throat disorders and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Selected laboratory values (complete blood count, vitamin D concentration, immunoglobulin levels) were compared with those obtained from 86 healthy children from the control group. The majority of children had risk factors for recurrent respiratory tract infections. Adenoid hypertrophy was diagnosed in 44.6% of children, asthma in 36.9%, vitamin D deficiency in 30.7%, gastroesophageal reflux disease in 16.2% and immunodeficiency in 9.2% of children. Multimorbidity was found in 34.6% of the subjects. In the study group, there were higher vitamin D levels [study group: 25.6 ng/mL (25th percentile = 17; 75th percentile = 33.3), control group: 22.84 ng/mL (25th percentile = 16.3; 75th percentile = 28.7); p < 0.044] and higher leukocyte levels [study group: 7.5 × 103/μL (25th percentile = 5.9; 75th percentile = 9.1), control group: 6.4 × 103/μL (25th percentile = 5.3; 75th percentile = 7.7); p < 0.02]. The results indicate that children with recurrent respiratory tract infections are a heterogeneous group of patients. The youngest children were the largest group (n = 60). In the majority of children, the onset of symptoms was associated with the beginning of nursery/preschool or school attendance. In 1 in 3 children, a combined presence of a few diseases was found which increase susceptibility to recurrent respiratory tract infections.

Vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kana Ram Jat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tract Infections

Studies related to vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children have inconsistent findings. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with LRTI, and to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the incidence and severity of LRTI. A total of 12 studies enrolling 2279 participants were included in our analysis. Children with LRTI were found to have significantly lower mean vitamin D levels as compared to controls There was likewise a correlation between vitamin D levels and incidence and severity of LRTI. Large randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate effect of vitamin D supplementation for LRTI.

scholarly journals Association of Vitamin D Deficiency And Respiratory Syncytial Virus With Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection In Newborn Intensive Care Unit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Tüfekci ◽  
Erhan Aygün
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Newborn infants are exposed to life-threatening conditions such as severe lower respiratory tract infections mostly caused by a respiratory syncytial virus. Previous studies suggest vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of lower respiratory tract infections but this hypothesis is controversial. This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the occurrence of lower respiratory tract infections among Turkish infants.Methods: We performed a case-control study including newborns admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit. Respiratory syncytial virus related respiratory infections were confirmed by the Respi-strip test. Clinical and biological data were collected from medical records and analyzed with Epi Info7.Results: We included 18 newborns (9 cases with the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus-related lower respiratory tract infections and 9 controls admitted with another diagnosis). Their mean age was 23.72 days and sex-ratio was 2. The main clinical symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections were cough, tachypnea, and fever and respiratory syncytial virus test was positive in all cases. Vitamin D level was significantly lower in cases compared to the control group (5.40 vs 17.67 ng/ml respectively). All newborns with lower respiratory tract infections presented vitamin D deficiency and 11.1 % of controls had normal vitamin D status. All babies and mothers with vitamin D deficiency were supplemented. Conclusion: Our results suggest that severe lower respiratory tract infections is associated with lower vitamin D levels among newborns admitted in neonatal intensive care unit. Vitamin D supplementation could help correct this deficiency and prevent postnatal severe lower respiratory tract infections.

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