scholarly journals Chagas disease: from Latin America to the world

2015 ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Gascon ◽  
MARIA-JESUS PINAZO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Human Chagas Disease and Migration in the Context of Globalization: Some Particular Aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Pinto Dias
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Migration

Human Chagas disease originated in Latin America, being spread around the world in relation with multiple bioecological, sociocultural, and political factors. The process of the disease production and dispersion is discussed, emphasizing the human migration and correlated aspects, in the context of globalization. Positive and negative consequences concern the future of this trypanosomiasis, mainly in terms of the ecologic and sociopolitical characteristics of the endemic and nonendemic countries.

scholarly journals Global Trends of Seroprevalence and Universal Screening Policy for Chagas Disease in Donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Yeon Hee Kim ◽  
Julia Ledien ◽  
Eliana Rodriguez-Monguí ◽  
Andy Dobson ◽  
María-Gloria Basáñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Caribbean

AbstractBackgroundScreening for Trypanosoma cruzi among blood and organ donors is essential to reduce Chagas disease transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) has prioritised curtailing transmission in blood banks (BBs) and transplantation centres (TCs) by 50% by 2025 and 100% by 2030. This study aims to update the situation on T. cruzi screening strategies in BBs and TCs to evaluate the evolution of seroprevalence and the achievement of screening milestones globally.MethodsWe used published articles and government reports on seroprevalence data and screening policies in BBs and TCs across the world. We conducted meta-analyses of T. cruzi seroprevalence estimates by who region, endemicity status, and country, and used meta-regression to identify the covariates influencing the estimates. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.ResultsBased on 99 studies and reports and found a global pattern of increased universal screening policies (USPs) in BBs from 1990 to 2018. We found information for 50 countries, of which 44 (88%) have implemented USPs and 21 (42%) achieved 100% coverage by 2015. Out of the 21 Chagas-disease endemic countries, 20 are in advanced USPS stages, and 18 achieved 100% coverage by 2015. Latin America (LA) was the first region to start USPS since the 1990s and 19 countries are in advanced stages of implementation and by 2015 there is evidence of 100% coverage in 15 LA countries. In the Caribbean Region, USPs are still in early implementation stages and by 2015 only five out of 24 countries have achieved 100% coverage. Outside Latin America and the Caribbean, there are USPs only in the USA, which initiated in 2007 and with 100% coverage in 2016. In Europe, there are no USPs, but some countries have implemented selective screening of at-risk donors in the UK, Spain, France and Switzerland. Whereas Sweden and Italy have implemented a deferral system. For TCs, national guidelines have been produced in some European countries since the 2000s; in the USA, USPs started since 2002, but 100% coverage is yet to be achieved. There is a global decrease in T. cruzi seroprevalence among blood donors from the 1970s to 2010s, particularly in endemic countries, where the T. cruzi pooled seroprevalence decreased from 2.42% (95% CI 0.75%-7.53%) in the 1970s to 0.38% (95% CI 0.30%-0.60%) in the 2010s. Seroprevalence in non-endemic countries has remained relatively stable between 1990s and 2010s around 0.01% (95% CI 0.01%-0.03%). Country and decade were identified as the two major predictors of seroprevalence in BBs. Data on TCs was scarce.InterpretationDespite global progress in T. cruzi screening policies, both USPs and 100% coverage are yet to be achieved. Seroprevalence in BBs have decreased in endemic countries, likely due to a combination of vector control, increased USPs and voluntary donation, and improved diagnosis. To achieve the proposed WHO goals by 2025 and 2030, USPs in TCs must become available in all endemic countries. In BBs, USPs should be a priority in the Caribbean region as well as non-endemic countries where migration from endemic countries is important.

Chagas Disease Epidemiology: From Latin America to the World

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Belkisyolé Alarcón de Noya ◽  
Yves Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
The World

China und Lateinamerika

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (142) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Enrique Dussel Peters
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
The World ◽  
New Challenges

China's socioeconomic accumulation in the last 30 years has been probably one of the most outstanding global developments and has resulted in massive new challenges for core and periphery countries. The article examines how China's rapid and massive integration to the world market has posed new challenges for countries such as Mexico - and most of Latin America - as a result of China's successful exportoriented industrialization. China's accumulation and global integration process does, however, not only question and challenges the export-possibilities in the periphery, but also the global inability to provide energy in the medium term.

Chosen Nation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Goossen
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Weimar Republic ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
The World ◽  
German Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the global Mennonite church developed an uneasy relationship with Germany. Despite the religion's origins in the Swiss and Dutch Reformation, as well as its longstanding pacifism, tens of thousands of members embraced militarist German nationalism. This book is a sweeping history of this encounter and the debates it sparked among parliaments, dictatorships, and congregations across Eurasia and the Americas. Offering a multifaceted perspective on nationalism's emergence in Europe and around the world, the book demonstrates how Mennonites' nationalization reflected and reshaped their faith convictions. While some church leaders modified German identity along Mennonite lines, others appropriated nationalism wholesale, advocating a specifically Mennonite version of nationhood. Examining sources from Poland to Paraguay, the book shows how patriotic loyalties rose and fell with religious affiliation. Individuals might claim to be German at one moment but Mennonite the next. Some external parties encouraged separatism, as when the Weimar Republic helped establish an autonomous “Mennonite State” in Latin America. Still others treated Mennonites as quintessentially German; under Hitler's Third Reich, entire colonies benefited from racial warfare and genocide in Nazi-occupied Ukraine. Whether choosing Germany as a national homeland or identifying as a chosen people, called and elected by God, Mennonites committed to collective action in ways that were intricate, fluid, and always surprising.

Christianity in the Twentieth Century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Different Parts

This book charts the transformation of one of the world's great religions during an age marked by world wars, genocide, nationalism, decolonization, and powerful ideological currents, many of them hostile to Christianity. The book traces how Christianity evolved from a religion defined by the culture and politics of Europe to the expanding polycentric and multicultural faith it is today—one whose growing popular support is strongest in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, China, and other parts of Asia. The book sheds critical light on themes of central importance for understanding the global contours of modern Christianity, illustrating each one with contrasting case studies, usually taken from different parts of the world. Unlike other books on world Christianity, this one is not a regional survey or chronological narrative, nor does it focus on theology or ecclesiastical institutions. The book provides a history of Christianity as a popular faith experienced and lived by its adherents, telling a compelling and multifaceted story of Christendom's fortunes in Europe, North America, and across the rest of the globe. It demonstrates how Christianity has had less to fear from the onslaughts of secularism than from the readiness of Christians themselves to accommodate their faith to ideologies that privilege racial identity or radical individualism.

SOME ISSUES OF RUSSIA’S PRESENCE IN THE GLOBAL ARMS MARKET AND IN SEPARATE REGIONS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF MILITARY-TECHNICAL COOPERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
T. I. MALASHENKO ◽  
◽  
A. Yu. STEPANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The World

The article provides an overview of Russia's military-technical cooperation, the specifics of state regulation in the context of the world arms and military equipment market. Emphasis has been made on some regions (CIS, Africa, Latin America) where activities are intensified. The effectiveness of the existing system of military-technical cooperation of Russia and particular aspects of its functioning are evaluated.

How Can Latin America Help the World to Cope with Climate Change?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Galiani ◽  
Manuel Puente ◽  
Federico Weinschelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The World

LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN EL SIGLO XXI: MAS PEDAGOGÍA1 O MAS ADMINISTRACIÓN2 EN LAS INSTITUCIONES ? UNAS APROXIMACIONES ACASO ATREVIDAS, PERO INEVITABLES / UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY : MORE PEDAGOGY 1 OR MORE ADMINISTRATION 2 IN T

LOGOS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mg. Gilmer Cacho Cuba
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Local Development ◽  
College Education ◽  
Public University ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
University System ◽  
The World ◽  
Global University

RESUMEN Cuando se leen las mediciones que se hacen en el mundo sobre las performances universitarias admira, cuestiona y/o desagrada que solo una universidad nacional merodee el puesto 900 a nivel mundial y el puesto 30 a nivel latinoamericano, las siguientes no figuran ni en el puesto 1500 a nivel mundial ni en el 75 a nivel latinoamericano. Algo le está pasando al sistema universitario peruano que no resiste ninguna comparación con sus similares de la región y menos del mundo.Ante la realidad que nos presentan repetidamente los rankings, no será inmoderado aceptar que ahora se exige a la universidad mundial variables y afanes rigurosos: • Contenidos de alta calidad que impactan en la vida diaria.• Flexibilidad para seleccionar y profundizar el conocimiento.• Acceso fácil e ilimitado de la información.• Mucha simulación e interactividad con el entorno real.• Profesores de reconocimiento y amplio prestigio.• Promoción de emprendimiento y visualización creativa.• Amplias redes sociales en todo el mundo.• Significativo apoyo de la tecnología de información y comunicación.• Esforzada dedicación y tutoría al alumno.• Investigación ligada al desarrollo nacional y local.• Mecanismos de vinculación permanente con los egresados.• Existencia de un órgano consultivo del mundo productivo.• Respaldo administrativo consistente.• Acreditación de la calidad de sus resultados. En ese escenario, el sistema universitario nacional tiene que cambiar y en la nueva forma de actuación que se le demanda, de asumir algunos cambios y guardar una real armonía entre la pedagogía y la administración, surgirá el éxito que le corresponde, pues ambas tendrán que empezar a nutrirse y soportarse en favor de la enseñanza-aprendizaje. Palabra clave: Pedagogía, Administración, Éxito universitarioABSTRACT When reading the measurements made in the world of college performances, it is remarkable, questionable and unpleasant that only a Public University ranks 900 in the world and 30th in Latin America, the others are listed neither the post 1500 globally nor 75 in Latin America. Something is happening to the Peruvian university system that does not stand any comparison with its counterparts in the region or the world. Facing the reality that rankings show repeatedly, it will not be intemperate to accept that   global university requires rigorous  effort and variables: • High quality contents that impact daily life.• Flexibility to select and deepen knowledge.• Easy and unlimited access to information.• Many simulation and interactivity with the real environment.• Well recognized and prestigious teachers.• Entrepreneurship promotion and creative view.• Widespread social networks worldwide.• Significant support of information technology and communication.• Endeavour and tutoring to student.• Research linked to national and local development.• Permanent linking mechanisms with graduated students.• Existence of an advisory body of the productive world.•  Consistent administrative support.• Quality of  the results accreditation. In that scenario, the Public University System must change and, in the new form of performance that is demanded, assuming some changes and having a real harmony between pedagogy and administration, will emerge the success it deserves, as both have to start nurturing and supporting for the teaching and learning process . Keyword: Pedagogy, Management,  College Success

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