scholarly journals Changes in Beliefs About Post-Transplant Immunosuppressants Over Time and Its Relation to Medication Adherence and Kidney Graft Dysfunction: A Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 15 ◽  
pp. 2877-2887
Author(s):  
Barbora Kostalova ◽  
Katerina Mala-Ladova ◽  
Ales Antonín Kubena ◽  
Rob Horne ◽  
Sylvie Dusilova Sulkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Over Time

Changes in DNA methylation persist over time in males with severe alcohol use disorder—A longitudinal follow‐up study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soundarya Soundararajan ◽  
Arpana Agrawal ◽  
Meera Purushottam ◽  
Shravanthi Daphne Anand ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi Shankarappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Human Milk Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 089033442110301
Author(s):  
Hannah G. Juncker ◽  
M. Romijn ◽  
Veerle N. Loth ◽  
Tom G. Caniels ◽  
Christianne J.M. de Groot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Milk Antibodies ◽  
Over Time

Background: Human milk contains antibodies against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) following Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). These antibodies may serve as protection against COVID-19 in infants. However, the evolution of these human milk antibodies over time is unclear. Research Aim: To elucidate the evolution of immunoglobulin A (IgA) against SARS-CoV-2 in human milk after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This longitudinal follow-up study included lactating mothers ( N = 24) who had participated in the COVID MILK study. To assess the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, serum and human milk samples were collected 14–143 days after the onset of clinical symptoms related to COVID-19. Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay was used to detect antibodies against the ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Results: SARS-CoV-2 antibodies remain present up to 5 months (143 days) in human milk after onset of COVID-19 symptoms. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 IgA in human milk seems to gradually decrease over time. Conclusion: Human milk from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent lactating mothers contains specific IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein up to at least 5 months post-infection. Passive viral immunity can be transferred via human milk and may serve as protection for infants against COVID-19. Dutch Trial Register on May 1st, 2020, number: NL 8575, URL: https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8575 .

scholarly journals Racial Attitudes among South African Young Adults: A Four-year Follow-up Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Smith ◽  
Christopher R. Stones ◽  
Anthony Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Many ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Over Time

The many social changes that have occurred in South Africa since the first democratic elections in 1994 warrant that careful scrutiny be given to the racial attitudes of South Africa's young adults. Their degree of acceptance of the doctrine of deracialisation and reconciliation represents a hope or a warning about the possibility of a stable future. A follow-up study was thus carried out in order to update data collected in 1995, with the hypothesis that, over time, greater acceptance of other racial groups would be reported. In this follow-up study, the authors examined differences among a new sample of 122 Xhosa-speaking Black, 73 so-called coloured, and 234 English-speaking White young adults. Data were collected using a questionnaire that assessed aspects of these groups' perceptions of themselves (identities) and their attitudes toward other racial groups (their prejudice). Statistical significance was found between groups and over time across measures.

How Quality Improvement Interventions for Depression Affect Stigma Concerns Over Time: A Nine-Year Follow-Up Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Klap ◽  
Lingqi Tang ◽  
Terry Schell ◽  
Naihua Duan ◽  
Kenneth Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
Quality Improvement Interventions ◽  
Over Time

Medication Adherence Changes in Blacks with Diabetes: A Mixed Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Rao ◽  
Martha Maurer ◽  
Jodi Meyer ◽  
Jiaying Zhang ◽  
Olayinka O. Shiyanbola
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Interpersonal Factors ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: In this study, we conducted a longitudinal evaluation of changes in medication adherence and the role of psychosocial and interpersonal factors in these changes among Blacks with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and determined barriers and facilitators of T2DM medication adherence. Methods: We used an explanatory sequential mixed methods design for a sample of 287 black adult patients with T2DM in Wisconsin. Two surveys quantitatively evaluated changes in medication adherence, psychosocial factors, and interpersonal factors over time. We conducted 10 semi-structured qualitative interviews to explore participants' perceptions of these changes. Data integration of the quantitative and qualitative findings elucidated barriers and facilitators of medication adherence. Results: Increased adherence was significantly correlated with less concerns about medicines (r = -0.31), higher self-efficacy (r = 0.47), lesser depressive symptoms (r = -0.26), and lesser negative illness perceptions (r = -0.26) at both baseline and follow-up. Patient perceptions of adherence changes included adherence motivators, social support, and complex medication regimens. Integration showed that barriers and facilitators both existed in individuals who had an increase or a decrease in adherence over time. Conclusions: Specific beliefs of Blacks towards T2DM medications must be addressed to improve their adherence. Interventions must be tailored using interpersonal factors.

Adherence styles of schizophrenia patients identified by a latent class analysis of the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS): A six-month follow-up study

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Jaeger ◽  
Carmen Pfiffner ◽  
Prisca Weiser ◽  
Reinhold Kilian ◽  
Thomas Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Follow Up Study

RACIAL ATTITUDES AMONG SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A FOLLOW-UP STUDY AFTER FOUR YEARS

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1061-1062
Author(s):  
Neeshi Singh Pillay ◽  
Steven J. Collings
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
South African ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Racial Group ◽  
Modern Racism ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
Over Time

In 2002, moderately high levels of modern and old-fashioned racism were documented in a representative sample of 433 students registered in undergraduate courses at a South African university (Pillay & Collings, 2004). In 2006, this survey was replicated using identical methods of data collection and a sample which was representative of university enrolments for 2006 in terms of gender and race: N = 543, gender = 50% female; race = black (40%), Indian (40%), white (17%), colored (3%). Over the four-year period, there was a significant increase in mean item-scores for old-fashioned racism [M = 1.95 vs. 2.15; F(1,971) = 15.16, p < .01], and this finding was supported by a significant study x race interaction, F(3,971) = 6.33, p < .05. Mean item scores increased significantly over time among Indians (2.11 vs. 2.29) but not among blacks (1.74 vs. 1.76), coloreds (2.01 vs. 2.04), or whites (2.33 vs. 2.35). A significant increase in levels of modern racism over the four-year period [M = 2.74 vs. 3.10; F(1,971) = 8.48, p < .01] was indicated by a significant study x race interaction, F(3,971) = 7.31, p < .05, with mean item scores increasing significantly over time among Indians (2.94 vs. 3.62) and whites (3.00 vs. 3.58) but not among blacks (2.04 vs. 2.06) or coloreds (2.47 vs. 2.49). Together these findings suggest that both overt and covert forms of racism persist, with levels of racism varying as a function of racial group membership.

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