scholarly journals Willingness-to-Pay and Benefit–Cost Analysis of Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Rosacea in China: Findings from a Web-Based Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 15 ◽  
pp. 1197-1205
Author(s):  
Xizhao Yang ◽  
Yuyan Ouyang ◽  
Yuxuan Deng ◽  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Yan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost

What’s in, what’s out? Towards a rigorous definition of the boundaries of benefit-cost analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Daniel Acland
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Consumer Sovereignty ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Pareto Criterion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract Benefit-cost analysis (BCA) is typically defined as an implementation of the potential Pareto criterion, which requires inclusion of any impact for which individuals have willingness to pay (WTP). This definition is incompatible with the exclusion of impacts such as rights and distributional concerns, for which individuals do have WTP. I propose a new definition: BCA should include only impacts for which consumer sovereignty should govern. This is because WTP implicitly preserves consumer sovereignty, and is thus only appropriate for ‘sovereignty-warranting’ impacts. I compare the high cost of including non-sovereignty-warranting impacts to the relatively low cost of excluding sovereignty-warranting impacts.

scholarly journals Contingent Valuation: Is Some Number Better than No Number?

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A Diamond ◽  
Jerry A Hausman
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Embedding Effect ◽  
Better Than

Without market outcomes for comparison, internal consistency tests, particularly adding-up tests, are needed for credibility. When tested, contingent valuation has failed. Proponents find surveys tested poorly done. To the authors’ knowledge, no survey has passed these tests. The ‘embedding effect’ is the similarity of willingness-to-pay responses that theory suggests (and sometimes requires) be different. This problem has long been recognized but not solved. The authors conclude that current methods are not suitable for damage assessment or benefit-cost analysis. They believe the problems come from an absence of preferences, not a flaw in survey methodology, making improvement unlikely.

Web-Based Guide to Transportation Benefit-Cost Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (7) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Sullivan ◽  
Joy Dahlgren ◽  
Glen Weisbrod ◽  
Kazem Attaran
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost

scholarly journals Valuing Children’s Fatality Risk Reductions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Robinson ◽  
William J. Raich ◽  
James K. Hammitt ◽  
Lucy O’Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Consistent Approach

AbstractIn benefit-cost analysis, fatality risk reductions are usually valued based on estimates of adults’ willingness to pay for changes in their own risks, regardless of whether the risk reduction accrues to adults or children. This approach reflects the relatively large number of valuation studies that address adults; however, the literature on children is growing. We review these studies, focusing on those that estimate values for both adults and children using a consistent approach to limit the effects of between-study variability. We rely on explicit selection criteria to identify studies that measure reasonably comparable outcomes and are candidates for application to analyses of U.S. policies. The ratio of values for children to values for adults ranges from 0.6 to 2.9; however, most estimates are greater than 1.5. Although some studies suggest that the divergence between child and adult values decreases as the child ages, this finding is not universal. We conclude that analysts should test the sensitivity of their results to the use of higher values for children than adults. Additional empirical research is needed to support more precise estimates of the variation in values by age that can be featured in the primary analysis.

scholarly journals Behavioral economics and policy evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Abstract:Behavioral economics posits a number of cognitive biases and limitations, which raises questions as to whether revealed willingness to pay equals true willingness to pay. If so, benefit-cost analysis, with a number of methodological advantages, would need to be replaced. Prior analyses of the issue by Sunstein, Sugden, and Bernheim and Rangel fail to offer guidance that would avoid substituting centralized judgments for decentralized information on benefits and costs. Alternatives including using post-implementation valuations, libertarian paternalism, and direct democracy on policy issues also have conceptual or practical limitations. A tentative suggestion is democratic delegation, somewhat appealing because it is already applied to cope with bounded rationality and non-efficiency values. Viewing benefit-cost analysis as a market analogue, and restricting the domain of behavioral economics to uninformed consumers, may be useful guides. The most important guidance may be to require very strong evidence of substantial choice failure before abandoning benefit-cost analysis.

Willingness to pay and benefit-cost analysis of modern contraceptives in Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obinna Onwujekwe ◽  
Chinwe Ogbonna ◽  
Ogochukwu Ibe ◽  
Benjamin Uzochukwu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Benefit Cost

scholarly journals Willingness-to-Pay and Benefit–Cost Analysis of IPL for Rosacea Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in China

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 1843-1852
Author(s):  
Qing Deng ◽  
Shu-ping Zhang ◽  
Yu-Xuan Deng ◽  
Fang-fen Liu ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost
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