scholarly journals Risk Factors of Perinatal Asphyxia Among Newborns Delivered at Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 297-306
Author(s):  
Tewodros Mulugeta ◽  
Girum Sebsibe ◽  
Fikirtemariam Abebe Fenta ◽  
Migbar Sibhat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Fetus dan Tali Pusat terhadap Risiko Asphyxia Perinatal di Surakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Siti Lestari ◽  
Dyah Dwi Astuti ◽  
Fachriza Malika Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fetal Position ◽  
Control Study

Asfiksia perinatal merujuk pada kekurangan oksigen selama persalinan, sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kematian dan kecacatan. WHO memperkirakan  4 juta anak terlahir dengan asfiksia setiap tahun, dimana 1 juta di antaranya meninggal dan 1 juta anak bertahan hidup dengan gejala sisa neurologis yang parah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fetal dan tali pusat pada asfiksia neonatal.Penelitian dilakukan di lakukan di RS Dr Moewardi Surakarta dengan pendekatan  quantitative retrospective case control study. Data diambil dari rekam medis antara  tahun 2013-2018. Penelitan ini melibatkan  264 neonatal yang terdiri dari 88 kelompok kasus dan 176  kelompok control. Kelompok kasus adalah bayi dengan diagnosa  asfiksia yang  dilakukan analisis terhadap faktor risiko fetal, sedangkan bayi yang tidak mengalami asfiksia dijadikan  kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis statistik uji Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact ditemukan bahwa  kelahiran prematur (OR 2,07 CI 95% P 0,02), persalinan dengan tindakan (OR 3,61 CI 95% P 0,00), berat bayi (OR 2,85 CI 95% P 0,00), posisi janin (OR 2,37 CI 95% P 0,05), tali pusat ( QR 3,071 CI 95%  P 0,01)  berisiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal. Air ketuban yang bercampur meconium (OR 1,51 CI 95% P 0,16) tidak memiliki risiko  dengan Asfiksia perinatal. Kesimpulan: Risiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal  meliputi kelahiran prematur, persalinan dengan tindakan, berat bayi, posisi janin,  dan tali pusat.Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during labor, which has the potential to cause death and disability. WHO estimates  4 million children born with asphyxia each year, in  which 1 million dies and 1 million survive with severe neurological sequelae. This study aims to analyze fetal and umbilical risk factors in neonatal asphyxia.This research is a quantitative retrospective case-control study, which was conducted at The Dr. Moewardi  hospital,  Surakarta. Data was taken from  medical records from 2013-2018. The case group was patients diagnosed  asphyxia, while those who did not experience asphyxia were treated as a control group.  A total of 264  samples, consisting of 88 case group respondents and 176 control group respondents. Statistical analysis Chi- Square and Fisher Exact found that preterm birth (OR 2.07 CI 95% P 0.02), labor with instrument or complication (OR 3.61 CI 95% P 0.00), infant weight (OR 2.85 CI 95% P 0, 00), fetal position (OR 2.37 CI 95% P 0.05), umbilical cord (QR 3.071 CI 95% P 0.01) are at risk for the incidence of perinatal Asphyxia. The amniotic fluid mixed with meconium (OR 1.51 CI 95% P 0.16) has no risk with perinatal asphyxia.The risk factors of incidences of perinatal asphyxia were  preterm birth, labor with instrument or complication, baby weight, fetal position and umbilical cord. 

scholarly journals Risk factors for stillbirth and early neonatal death: a case-control study in tertiary hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eskinder Kebede ◽  
Melani Kekulawala
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Ethiopia is a Sub-Saharan country that has made significant improvements in maternal mortality and under-five mortality over the past 15 years. However, the nation continues to have one of the highest rates of perinatal mortality in the entire world with current estimates at 33 deaths per 1000 live births. Methods This case-control study was conducted between October 2016 and May 2017 at Tikur Anbessa Hospital and Gandhi Memorial Hospital. All women who had a stillbirth or early neonatal death (i.e. death within 7 days) during this period willing to participate were included as cases. A systematic random sample of women delivering at the hospital were approached for recruitment as controls to generate a 2:1 ratio of controls to cases. Data on risk factors were retrieved from medical records including delivery records, and treatment charts. Statistical differences in background and social characteristics of cases and controls were determined by t-test and chi-squared (or fisher’s exact test) for quantitative and categorical variables respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was completed to determine any associations between risk factors and stillbirth/early neonatal death. Results During the study period, 366 women delivering at the hospitals were enrolled as cases and 711 women delivering at the hospitals were enrolled as controls. Records from both hospitals indicated that the estimated stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates were 30.7 per 1000. Neonatal causes (43.4%) were the most common, followed by antepartum (32.5%) and intrapartum (24.5%). Risk factors for stillbirths and early neonatal death were low maternal education (aOR 1.747, 95%CI 1.098–2.780), previous stillbirth (aOR 9.447, 95%CI 6.245–14.289), previous preterm birth (aOR 3.620, 95%CI 2.363–5.546), and previous child with congenital abnormality (aOR 2.190, 95% 1.228–3.905), and antepartum hemorrhage during pregnancy (aOR 3.273, 95% 1.523–7.031). Conclusion Antepartum hemorrhaging is the only risk factor in our study amenable for direct intervention. Efforts should be maximized to improve patient education and antenatal and obstetric services. Moreover, the most significant cause of mortality was asphyxia-related causes. It is imperative that obstetric capacity in rehabilitation services are strengthened and for further studies to investigate the high burden of asphyxia at these tertiary hospitals to better tailor interventions.

scholarly journals Neonatal sepsis risk factors in public hospitals in Wollega zones, Ethiopia: case control study

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werku Etafa ◽  
Getahun Fetensa ◽  
Reta Tsegaye ◽  
Bizuneh Wakuma ◽  
Sundararajan Vasantha Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sepsis Risk ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Difficult Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation. The PIVV2 Multicentre Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Rodriguez-Calero ◽  
Joan Ernest de Pedro-Gomez ◽  
Luis Javier Molero-Ballester ◽  
Ismael Fernandez-Fernandez ◽  
Catalina Matamalas-Massanet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

Background. Difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation (DPIVC) is associated with serious complications related to vascular access. These complications might be avoided if the risk factors were identified previously, enabling the detection of potentially difficult situations at an early stage. The aim of this study is to consider these risk factors, to determine the influence of the hospital setting, to examine the association between DPIVC and the different techniques of catheter insertion and to analyse the importance of the clinician’s experience in this context. Methods. Case-control study following a previously published protocol, conducted in 48 units of eight public hospitals in Spain. Adult patients requiring a peripheral intravenous cannula were prospectively included in the study population during their hospital stay. Over a period of 11 months, for consecutive eligible patients, nurses in each participating unit recorded data on their assessment of the vascular access performed and the technique used. Variables related to these medical personnel were also recorded. One of the researchers reviewed the patients’ clinical history to compile the relevant health variables and to characterise the healthcare process. The statistical analysis included association tests among the main study variables. The risk factors were analysed using bivariate logistic regression. The variables found to be statistically significant were included in a multivariate logistic regression model incorporating each of the healthcare environments identified. Results. The study population was composed of 2662 patients, of whom 221 (8.3%) presented with DPIVC. A previous history of difficulty, the presence of non-palpable veins, acute upper limb alterations and punctures in the ante-cubital fossa were found to be independent risk factors for DPIVC. Differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of DPIVC and in some risk factors, according to the healthcare context. The variables related to the characteristics of the hospital personnel did not influence the study event. Conclusion: The present study identifies four independent risk factors for DPIVC that can be incorporated into algorithms aimed at preventing its occurrence and facilitating the referral of patients to vascular access specialist teams.

scholarly journals Determinants of Uterine Rupture and Its Management Outcomes among Mothers Who Gave Birth at Public Hospitals of Tigrai, North Ethiopia: An Unmatched Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Meresa Berwo Mengesha ◽  
Desta Abraha Weldegeorges ◽  
Yared Hailesilassie ◽  
Weldu Mammo Werid ◽  
Mulu Gebretsadik Weldemariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Remote Health

Introduction. Uterine rupture is a leading cause of maternal death in Ethiopia. Despite strengthening the health care system and providing basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric care closer to the communities, uterine rupture continues to produce devastating maternal and fetal outcomes. Although risk factors of uterine rupture are context specific, there is lack of clarity in our context towards the contributing factors and untoward outcomes of uterine rupture. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors of uterine rupture and its impacts in public hospitals of Tigrai. Objective. This study would identify determinant factors of uterine rupture and its management outcomes among mothers who gave birth in public hospitals in Tigrai region, North Ethiopia. Method. A retrospective hospital-based unmatched case control study design was implemented with 135 cases of women with uterine rupture and 270 controls of women without uterine rupture. Cases were enrolled consecutively from case notes of women who gave birth from 1/9/2015 to 30/6/2019, while charts (case note) of women without uterine rupture found following the cases were selected randomly and enrolled. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with 95% confidence interval was used to identify the determinants of uterine rupture. Result. Mothers referred from remote health institutions (AOR 7.29 (95% CI: 2.7, 19.68)), mothers who visited once for antenatal care (AOR 2.85 (95% CI: 1.02, 7.94)), those experiencing obstructed labor (AOR 13.33 (95% CI: 4.23, 42.05)), and birth weight of a newborn greater than four kilograms (AOR 5.68 (95% CI: 1.39, 23.2)) were significantly associated with uterine rupture. From 135 mothers who develop uterine rupture, 13 (9.6%) mothers died and 101 (74.8%) fetuses were stillborn. Obstetrical complications like abdominal hysterectomy in 75 (55.6%) of mothers and excessive blood loss in 84 (57.8%) were additional untoward outcomes of uterine rupture. Conclusion. Referrals from remote health institutions, once-visited antenatal care, obstructed labor, and birth weight of newborns greater than four kilograms were significant determinants of uterine rupture. Maternal death, stillbirth, hysterectomy, and hemorrhage were adverse outcomes. The findings of this study suggest early identification of factors that expose to uterine rupture during antenatal care, labor, and delivery must be attended to and further prospective studies are needed to explore predictors of untoward outcomes. Knowing the determinants of uterine rupture helps prevent the occurrence of a problem in pregnant women, which reduces maternal morbidity and mortality, and would have a tremendous help in identifying the best optional strategies in our current practices. This assertion was added to the abstract concluding session.

scholarly journals Maternal Health Services as Determinant Factors for Low Birth Weight in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a Case-control Study.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonas Abebe ◽  
Maedot Kebede ◽  
Tomas Getahun ◽  
Marekegn Habtamu ◽  
Behailu Tariku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: The birth weight of a newborn has a substantial impact on infant mortality, morbidity, development, and long-term health. It is determined by the mother's overall health status. More than 20 million babies are born with low birth weight across the world. In developing countries, almost 17% of all newborns are born with low birth weights, with no exception in Ethiopia. Alleviating this problem, needs a clear understanding of the determinants. Thus, this study was done in Addis Ababa, the most populous city in the country, where the lifestyles of mothers might be affected by the dynamic city life.Method: An unmatched case-control study was applied to assess the risk factors of low birth weight in three randomly selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data was collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the possible effect of determinant factors on low birth weight, with their respective odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Result: We enrolled 168 cases and 336 controls; all completed the study with no refusal. Of all pregnancies, 90 (17.8%) were unplanned and unwanted. And, 153 (30.3%) of mothers have a history of prior abortion. Among the factors we studied, maternal age below 18 years (AOR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.24, 5.84), unwanted and unplanned pregnancy (AOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.66), ANC visit in the last pregnancy below three (AOR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.61, 6.49), female neonate (AOR: 1.09, 95% CI: 2.04, 3.20), not supplemented with iron and folic acid (AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.36, 7.11) and hematocrit level of < 30 (AOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.00, 5.22) showed a statistically significant association with low birth weight.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the age of mothers below 18 years, unwanted and unplanned pregnancy, low ANC visits, lack of iron and folic acid supplements, and low maternal hemoglobin level were the significant determinants of low birth weight among term babies. Thus, women of childbearing age should be screened and educated about the risks of pregnancy and should get the necessary care and support when they get pregnant.

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