scholarly journals Clinical significance of ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism in esophageal cancer: evidence from 31 case-control studies

2015 ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhao ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
Lili Shen ◽  
Dongying Gu ◽  
Zhi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies

scholarly journals Is Opium a Real Risk Factor for Esophageal Cancer or Just a Methodological Artifact? Hospital and Neighborhood Controls in Case-Control Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e32711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Shakeri ◽  
Farin Kamangar ◽  
Dariush Nasrollahzadeh ◽  
Mehdi Nouraie ◽  
Hooman Khademi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Methodological Artifact

Associations of dietary carbohydrate and salt consumption with esophageal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kondwani-Joseph Banda ◽  
Hsiao-Yean Chiu ◽  
Sophia Hueylan Hu ◽  
Hsiu-Chun Yeh ◽  
Kuan-Chia Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Salt Consumption

Abstract Context Evidence has shown that essential nutrients are highly correlated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (EC). However, findings from observational studies on the associations between dietary carbohydrate, salt consumption, and the risk of EC remain controversial. Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to confirm the associations of dietary carbohydrate and salt consumption with EC risk. Data Source Various electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Chinese Electronic Periodical Services, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated) were searched up until January 31, 2019. Data Extraction Data related to patient characteristics and study characteristics were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. The risk ratio reported as relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) was extracted, and random-effects models were performed to estimate the summary risk ratio. Results In total, 26 studies were included in this analysis, of which 12 studies, including 11 case-control studies and 1 cohort study, examined dietary carbohydrates, and 18 studies, including 16 case-control studies and 2 cohort studies, examined dietary salt. The pooled OR showed that dietary carbohydrate intake was inversely related to EC risk (OR = 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50–0.77), but positive correlations between dietary salt intake and the risk of EC were supported by the recruited case-control studies (OR = 1.97; 95% CI, 1.50–2.61) and cohort studies (RR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00–1.08). Conclusions Salt is an essential nutrient for body functions and biochemical processes. Providing health education and management regarding proper use of salt in daily foods and labeling the amount of sodium in manufactured products to reduce the risk of developing EC should be more appropriately performed in the general population.

scholarly journals Development of an African Esophageal Cancer Consortium

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 31s-31s
Author(s):  
Gwen Murphy ◽  
Valerie McCormack ◽  
Diana Menya ◽  
Blandina Mmbaga ◽  
Katherine Van Loon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Case Control Studies

Abstract 44 Background: Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. It kills 400,000 people every year, most of whom live in two distinct geographic bands across central Asia and along the eastern Africa corridor that extends from Ethiopia to South Africa. In these high-risk areas, nearly all cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Our group and others have performed many etiologic, genetic, and early detection and treatment studies of ESCC in central Asia, but this disease remains essentially unstudied in eastern Africa. Over the past few years, several groups have begun quality studies of ESCC in Africa, including case-control studies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (University of California, San Francisco, and Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences); Eldoret, Kenya (International Agency for Research on Cancer and Moi University); Moshi, Tanzania (International Agency for Research on Cancer and Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute); Bomet, Kenya (National Cancer Institute and Tenwek Hospital); and Lilongwe, Malawi (National Cancer Institute and the UNC-Malawi Project). In November 2015, these groups met and decided to create the African Esophageal Cancer Consortium. The goals of the consortium are to raise awareness of the importance of ESCC in Africa, to coordinate etiologic and molecular studies of ESCC in high-risk populations, and to facilitate provision of therapeutic training and equipment aimed to improve survival and quality of life. Methods: The first coordinated activity was to standardize questionnaires so that data can later be compared and combined. The consortium has embraced mobile health technologies through development of an mHealth app for real-time data capture on a phone or tablet and to collect harmonized data from the outset, increase efficiency, eliminate transcription mistakes, and allow real-time quality control and supervision of field activities from any location. Results: The consortium held its second annual meeting in September 2016. At this meeting, the five member sites affirmed their commitment to the consortium and the first study coordinator was named. Conclusion: Case-control studies in Moshi, Bomet, and Lilongwe are using the mobile app. A case-control study in Dar es Salaam is complete, with results pending. Coordinated genome-wide association and genomic studies are planned, with collection of biospecimens from multiple sites. The consortium is actively working with partners in China to provide affordable stents in Africa for palliative ESCC treatment as well as to secure training to safely and effectively place stents. Annual meetings will continue to follow-up on progress and develop new initiatives. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No COIs from the authors.

scholarly journals Using a Mobile Health Application for Data Collection in Esophageal Cancer Case-Control Studies in Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 17s-17s
Author(s):  
Natalie Pritchett ◽  
Gwen Murphy ◽  
Daniel Middleton ◽  
Valerie McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract 38 Purpose Partners in the African Esophageal Cancer Consortium have recently begun several new case-control studies. Building on prior breast cancer research in the region using a mobile application programmed by Mobenzi, a South African–based mobile health company, we decided to leverage the technology to support the success of this combined effort. The aim of the current study was to coordinate research in multiple settings to evaluate known and new risk factors and their contributions to the African esophageal squamous cell carcinoma burden, as well as to use the mobile health platform with the same questions across sites when possible, but allow site-specific questions when needed to optimize data collection efficiency and accuracy. Methods Substantial effort was dedicated to harmonizing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma questionnaires used in high-risk areas around the world to capture a broad range of putative risk factors. Priority was placed on established or probable carcinogens that have been previously identified, as well as tailoring the questionnaires for each site to explore new exposures that are unique to these settings. Skip patterns were programmed into the application to ensure proper survey application. Informed consent documents, biospecimens, and pathology reports can be labeled with QR codes and scanned into the application for documentation and tracking. Results The application is currently in use at four consortium-led case-control study sites in Moshi, Tanzania; Bomet, Kenya; Lilongwe, Malawi; and Blantyre, Malawi. After downloading the application to a study tablet, data collection can begin and then be uploaded to the shared, secure mobile health database immediately or whenever internet access allows. Conclusion All study sites are now collecting data using this mobile health platform. The application will increase efficiency, eliminate transcription mistakes, and allow real-time quality control and supervision of field activities from any location worldwide. Unified data entry on mobile devices will also allow us to quickly pool data and analyze similarities and differences across sites. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No COIs from the authors.

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