scholarly journals Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 is a Potential Unfavorable Prognostic Factor for High-Grade Glioma

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 8723-8734
Author(s):  
Haiping Shi ◽  
Ke Luo ◽  
Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Unfavorable Prognostic Factor

scholarly journals An Unusual Case of Aplastic Anemia Caused by Temozolomide

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gazi Comez ◽  
Alper Sevinc ◽  
Ozlem Nuray Sever ◽  
Taner Babacan ◽  
Ibrahim Sarı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Life Threatening

Radiotherapy and concomitant/adjuvant therapy with temozolomide are a common treatment regimen for children and adults with high-grade glioma. Although temozolomide is generally safe, it can rarely cause life-threatening complications. Here we report a case of a 31-year-old female patient who underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy plus concomitant temozolomide. She developed pancytopenia after adjuvant treatment with temozolomide. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed hypocellularity with very few erythroid and myeloid cells, consistent with aplastic anemia. In the English literature, aplastic anemia due to temozolomide is extremely rare.

scholarly journals New Insights into the Multifaceted Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) in High-Grade Gliomas: From Metabolic Reprograming, Immunosuppression, and Therapeutic Resistance to Current Strategies for Targeting MDSCs

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Senthilnath Lakshmanachetty ◽  
Joselyn Cruz-Cruz ◽  
Eric Hoffmeyer ◽  
Allison P. Cole ◽  
Siddhartha S. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

Cancer cells “hijack” host immune cells to promote growth, survival, and metastasis. The immune microenvironment of high-grade gliomas (HGG) is a complex and heterogeneous system, consisting of diverse cell types such as microglia, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and T-cells. Of these, MDSCs are one of the major tumor-infiltrating immune cells and are correlated not only with overall worse prognosis but also poor clinical outcomes. Upon entry from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood, spleen, as well as in tumor microenvironment (TME) in HGG patients, MDSCs deploy an array of mechanisms to perform their immune and non-immune suppressive functions. Here, we highlight the origin, function, and characterization of MDSCs and how they are recruited and metabolically reprogrammed in HGG. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms by which MDSCs contribute to immunosuppression and resistance to current therapies. Finally, we conclude by summarizing the emerging approaches for targeting MDSCs alone as a monotherapy or in combination with other standard-of-care therapies to improve the current treatment of high-grade glioma patients.

scholarly journals Invasion is not an independent prognostic factor in high-grade glioma

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwatha Narayana ◽  
Saroj Kunnakkat ◽  
John Golfinos ◽  
Praveen Medabalmi ◽  
RN Pat Eagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
High Grade

scholarly journals The Prognostic Value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index in Operable High-Grade Glioma Patients and the Establishment of a Nomogram

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian He ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Qinglan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Grade Iii

BackgroundStudies confirmed the predictive value of the prognostic nutrition index (PNI) in many malignant tumors. However, it did not reach a consensus in glioma. Therefore, this study investigated the prognostic value of preoperative PNI in operable high-grade glioma and established a nomogram.MethodsClinical data of high-grade glioma patients were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Survival analysis was conducted by the Kaplan–Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. A nomogram was established. The prediction effect of the nomogram covering PNI was verified by area under the curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 91 operable high-grade glioma patients were included. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that among grade IV gliomas (n = 55), patients with higher PNI (>44) showed a trend of OS benefit (p = 0.138). In grade III glioma (n = 36), patients with higher PNI (>47) had longer OS (p = 0.023). However, the intersecting Kaplan–Meier curve suggested that there may be some confounding factors. Cox regression analysis showed that higher PNI was an independent prognostic factor for grade IV glioma (HR = 0.388, p = 0.040). In grade III glioma, there was no statistically relationship between PNI levels and prognosis. When evaluating the prognostic ability of PNI alone by ROC, the AUC in grade III and IV gliomas was low, indicating that PNI alone had poor predictive power for OS. Interestingly, we found that the nomogram including preoperative PNI, age, extent of resection, number of gliomas, and MGMT methylation status could predict the prognosis of patients with grade IV glioma well.ConclusionThe PNI level before surgery was an independent prognostic factor for patients with grade IV glioma. The nomogram covering PNI in patients with grade IV glioma also proved the value of PNI. However, the value of PNI in grade III glioma needs to be further evaluated. More prospective studies are needed to verify this conclusion.

scholarly journals CKAP2 expression is associated with glioma tumor growth and acts as a prognostic factor in high‑grade�glioma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuanyu Wang ◽  
Ruoyu Huang ◽  
Guanzhang Li ◽  
Fan Zeng ◽  
Zheng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Glioma Tumor

scholarly journals Platelet-derived growth factor beta is a potent inflammatory driver in paediatric high-grade glioma

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L Ross ◽  
Zhihong Chen ◽  
Cameron J Herting ◽  
Yura Grabovska ◽  
Frank Szulzewsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment

Abstract Paediatric high-grade gliomas (HGGs) account for the most brain tumour-related deaths in children and have a median survival of 12–15 months. One promising avenue of research is the development of novel therapies targeting the properties of non-neoplastic cell-types within the tumour such as tumour associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs are immunosuppressive and promote tumour malignancy in adult HGG; however, in paediatric medulloblastoma, TAMs exhibit anti-tumour properties. Much is known about TAMs in adult HGG, yet little is known about them in the paediatric setting. This raises the question of whether paediatric HGGs possess a distinct constituency of TAMs because of their unique genetic landscapes. Using human paediatric HGG tissue samples and murine models of paediatric HGG, we demonstrate diffuse midline gliomas possess a greater inflammatory gene expression profile compared to hemispheric paediatric HGGs. We also show despite possessing sparse T-cell infiltration, human paediatric HGGs possess high infiltration of IBA1+ TAMs. CD31, PDGFRβ, and PDGFB all strongly correlate with IBA1+ TAM infiltration. To investigate the TAM population, we used the RCAS/tv-a system to recapitulate paediatric HGG in newborn immunocompetent mice. Tumours are induced in Nestin-positive brain cells by PDGFA or PDGFB overexpression with Cdkn2a or Tp53 co-mutations. Tumours driven by PDGFB have a significantly lower median survival compared to PDGFA-driven tumours and have increased TAM infiltration. NanoString and quantitative PCR analysis indicates PDGFB-driven tumours have a highly inflammatory microenvironment characterized by high chemokine expression. In vitro bone marrow-derived monocyte and microglial cultures demonstrate bone marrow-derived monocytes are most responsible for the production of inflammatory signals in the tumour microenvironment in response to PDGFB stimulation. Lastly, using knockout mice deficient for individual chemokines, we demonstrate the feasibility of reducing TAM infiltration and prolonging survival in both PDGFA and PDGFB-driven tumours. We identify CCL3 as a potential key chemokine in these processes in both humans and mice. Together, these studies provide evidence for the potent inflammatory effects PDGFB has in paediatric HGGs.

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