scholarly journals In vitro screening of major neurotransmitter systems possibly involved in the mechanism of action of antibodies to S100 protein in released-active form

2015 ◽  
pp. 2837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Gorbunov ◽  
Irina Ertuzun ◽  
Evgeniya Kachaeva ◽  
Sergey Tarasov ◽  
Oleg Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Active Form ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Neurotransmitter Systems ◽  
Antibodies To S100 ◽  
Antibodies To S100 Protein

scholarly journals Dose–Response Effect of Antibodies to S100 Protein and Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 in Released-Active Form in the Light–Dark Test in Mice

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932581877975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kardash ◽  
Irina A. Ertuzun ◽  
Gul'nara R. Khakimova ◽  
Andrey N. Kolyadin ◽  
Sergey A. Tarasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Receptor Type ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 ◽  
Antibodies To S100 ◽  
Dose Response Effect ◽  
Antibodies To S100 Protein

Earlier studies have shown that combination of antibodies to S100 protein and to cannabinoid receptor type 1 in released-active form (Brizantin) may possess anxiolytic properties and decrease nicotine dependence. Released-active form of antibodies is a novel approach that permits to modify natural functions of the target molecule (antigen) under investigation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anxiolytic-like effect of Brizantin in the light–dark test in mice, according to its ability to influence the number of entries into the lit compartment and the total time spent there. Three doses of Brizantin (2.5, 5, and 10 mL/kg) were compared with diazepam (1 mg/kg), placebo, and vehicle control. Anxiolytic-like effect of the tested drug was shown to be dose dependent, with an increasing trend from 2.5 to 10 mL/kg. Brizantin in its highest dose significantly increased studied behavioral parameters, although its effect was less pronounced than that of the reference drug diazepam (1 mg/kg).

In vitro screening for cestocidal activity of three species of Cassia plants against the tapeworm Raillietina tetragona

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kundu ◽  
L.M. Lyndem
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Microscopic Studies

AbstractDifferent species of Cassia plant are widely available in India and are commonly used either for their laxative, antimicrobial or antibacterial activity. In the present study the effectiveness in vitro of the crude alcoholic extracts of three species, namely Cassia alata, C. occidentalis and C. angustifolia, in the early paralysis and mortality of the fowl tapeworm Raillietina tetragona at concentrations ranging from 5 to 80 mg/ml was investigated. Time of paralysis and death were monitored frequently. Immediately after paralysis the tapeworms were processed for electron microscopic studies. While the untreated or control parasites survived for 81.93 ± 5.85 h, the parasites treated with C. alata took less time (1.68 ± 0.27 h) to be paralysed, followed by those treated with C. angustifolia (2.95 ± 0.29 h). Although C. occidentalis took more time (4.13 ± 0.31 h) to paralyse, in combination with either C. alata or C. angustifolia the time taken to paralyse became shorter. All the plant-treated parasites showed irrevocable changes in the scolex and proglottids as compared with the control, and these observations are comparable with those obtained with praziquantel. These results indicate that the three plants tested can be claimed to have anthelmintic activity in addition to their known properties, both when used individually and in combination. Further investigations will be required to evaluate their mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Technologically Processed Highly Diluted Antibodies to S100 Protein in the Treatment of Neurotic Disorders: The Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Konstantinovna Khacheva ◽  
Gulnara Rinatovna Khakimova ◽  
Alexey Borisovich Glazunov ◽  
Victoria Vyacheslavovna Fateeva
Keyword(s):  
S100 Protein ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
Antibodies To S100 ◽  
Antibodies To S100 Protein

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effects Associated with Cladribine Treatment

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Nicolás Fissolo ◽  
Laura Calvo-Barreiro ◽  
Herena Eixarch ◽  
Ursula Boschert ◽  
Carmen Espejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Active Form ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Prodrug Activation ◽  
The Impact

Cladribine is a synthetic deoxyadenosine analogue with demonstrated efficacy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). The main mechanism of action described for cladribine is the induction of a cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes, leading to a long-term depletion of peripheral T and B cells. Besides lymphocyte toxicity, the mode of action may include immunomodulatory mechanisms affecting other cells of the immune system. In order to induce its beneficial effects, cladribine is phosphorylated inside the cell by deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) to its active form. However, the mechanism of action of cladribine may also include immunomodulatory pathways independent of DCK activation. This in vitro study was designed to explore the impact of cladribine on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) subsets, and to assess whether the immunomodulatory mechanisms induced by cladribine depend on the activation of the molecule. To this end, we obtained PBMCs from healthy donors and MS patients and performed proliferation, apoptosis and activation assays with clinically relevant concentrations of cladribine in DCK-dependent and -independent conditions. We also evaluated the effect of cladribine on myeloid lineage-derived cells, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs). Cladribine decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of lymphocyte subsets after prodrug activation via DCK. In contrast, cladribine induced a decrease in immune cell activation through both DCK-dependent and -independent pathways (not requiring prodrug activation). Regarding monocytes and DCs, cladribine induced cytotoxicity and impaired the activation of classical monocytes, but had no effect on DC maturation. Taken together, these data indicate that cladribine, in addition to its cytotoxic function, can mediate immunomodulation in different immune cell populations, by regulating their proliferation, maturation and activation.

The Effect of Dipyridamole and RA 233 on Human Platelet Function in Vitro

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Rifkin ◽  
Marjorie B. Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Human Platelet ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryDipyridamole (Persantin) is reported to prolong platelet survival and inhibit embolism in patients with prosthetic heart valves, but its mechanism of action is unknown. Fifty jxM dipyridamole failed to reduce the high percentage of platelets retained when heparinized human blood was passed through a glass bead column, but prolonged the inhibition of retention caused by disturbing blood in vitro. Possibly the prostheses act like disturbance. Although RA 233 was as effective as dipyridamole in inhibiting the return of retention, it was less effective in preventing the uptake of adenosine into erythrocytes, and more active in inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation and release. Thus there is no simple relation between these drug effects.

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