scholarly journals Widely Impaired White Matter Integrity and Altered Structural Brain Networks in Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 15 ◽  
pp. 3549-3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Sone ◽  
Noriko Sato ◽  
Miho Ota ◽  
Yukio Kimura ◽  
Hiroshi Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Structural Brain

scholarly journals Disrupted White Matter Integrity and Structural Brain Networks in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With and Without Interictal Psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Sone ◽  
Noriko Sato ◽  
Yoko Shigemoto ◽  
Yukio Kimura ◽  
Norihide Maikusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Structural Brain

scholarly journals Multimodal longitudinal study of structural brain involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (24) ◽  
pp. e2592-e2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannelore K. van der Burgh ◽  
Henk-Jan Westeneng ◽  
Renée Walhout ◽  
Kevin van Veenhuijzen ◽  
Harold H.G. Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Structural Brain ◽  
Cerebral Degeneration

ObjectiveTo understand the progressive nature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by investigating differential brain patterns of gray and white matter involvement in clinically or genetically defined subgroups of patients using cross-sectional, longitudinal, and multimodal MRI.MethodsWe assessed cortical thickness, subcortical volumes, and white matter connectivity from T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI in 292 patients with ALS (follow-up: n = 150) and 156 controls (follow-up: n = 72). Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess changes in structural brain measurements over time in patients compared to controls.ResultsPatients with a C9orf72 mutation (n = 24) showed widespread gray and white matter involvement at baseline, and extensive loss of white matter integrity in the connectome over time. In C9orf72-negative patients, we detected cortical thinning of motor and frontotemporal regions, and loss of white matter integrity of connections linked to the motor cortex. Patients with spinal onset displayed widespread white matter involvement at baseline and gray matter atrophy over time, whereas patients with bulbar onset started out with prominent gray matter involvement. Patients with unaffected cognition or behavior displayed predominantly motor system involvement, while widespread cerebral changes, including frontotemporal regions with progressive white matter involvement over time, were associated with impaired behavior or cognition. Progressive loss of gray and white matter integrity typically occurred in patients with shorter disease durations (<13 months), independent of progression rate.ConclusionsHeterogeneity of phenotype and C9orf72 genotype relates to distinct patterns of cerebral degeneration. We demonstrate that imaging studies have the potential to monitor disease progression and early intervention may be required to limit cerebral degeneration.

scholarly journals Reduced frontal white matter microstructure in healthy older adults with low tactile recognition performance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Focko L. Higgen ◽  
Hanna Braaß ◽  
Robert Schulz ◽  
Gui Xue ◽  
Christian Gerloff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Fractional Anisotrophy ◽  
Structural Brain

AbstractAging leads to a reduction of connectivity in large-scale structural brain networks. Sensory processing and other cognitive processes rely on information flow between distant brain areas. However, data linking age-related structural brain alterations to cognitive functioning, especially sensory processing, is sparse.Aiming to determine group differences in sensory processing between older and younger participants, we implemented a complex tactile recognition task and investigated to what extent changes in microstructural white matter integrity of large-scale brain networks might reflect success in task performance. Structural brain integrity was accessed by means of diffusion-weighted imaging and fractional anisotrophy.The data revealed that poor performance in complex tactile recognition in older, neurologically healthy individuals is related to decreased structural integrity pronounced in the anterior corpus callosum. This region was strongly connected to the prefrontal cortex. Our data suggests decreased fractional anisotrophy in the anterior corpus callosum as a surrogate marker for progressed brain aging, leading to disturbances in networks relevant for higher-order cognitive processing. Complex tactile recognition might be a sensitive marker for identifying these starting cognitive impairments in older adults.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document