scholarly journals Predictors of Current DSM-5 PTSD Diagnosis and Symptom Severity Among Deployed Veterans: Significance of Predisposition, Stress Exposure, and Genetics

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 16 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Yirui Hu ◽  
Xin Chu ◽  
Thomas G Urosevich ◽  
Stuart N Hoffman ◽  
H Lester Kirchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
Dsm 5

Intolerance of Uncertainty and DSM-5 PTSD Symptom Severity among Trauma Exposed Latina College Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Consuelo Arbona ◽  
L. Rodriguez ◽  
M. Dragomir-Davis ◽  
N. Olvera ◽  
M. A. de Dios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Women ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity

The Impact of Trauma Type or Number of Traumatic Events on PTSD Diagnosis and Symptom Severity in Treatment Seeking Veterans

2017 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne M.D. Jakob ◽  
Kristen Lamp ◽  
Sheila A.M. Rauch ◽  
Erin R. Smith ◽  
Katherine R. Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trauma Type

Psychometric properties of the DSM-5 Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 416-421
Author(s):  
S. Berendsen ◽  
N.M. van der Veen ◽  
M.J. van Tricht ◽  
L. de Haan
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Dsm 5

scholarly journals M118. FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE CLINICIAN-RATED DIMENSION OF PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOM SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY PSYCHOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S180-S180
Author(s):  
Kyuyoung Lee ◽  
Yong Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Impaired Cognition ◽  
Dimensional Assessment

Abstract Background The early psychosis is classically viewed as a critical period. Schizophrenia subtypes which had been used to describe heterogeneity of the disease were discarded with the release of DSM-5 because of the lack of their clinical significance. DSM-5 has proposed the use of the Clinician-Rated Dimension of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS) for evaluating the various symptoms of schizophrenia. The 8-domain CRDPSS was developed from the perspective of deconstructing the psychopathology of schizophrenia and would be expected to provide baseline data for further advances in psychiatric nosology. To our knowledge, despite these discussions, the dimensional structure of the CRDPSS has hardly been studied in the patients with early psychosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure categorizing the items of dimensional assessment through factor analysis in patients with early psychosis. Methods The subjects were 497 patients with early psychosis who were enrolled in the Korean Early Psychosis Cohort Study. They were between ≥18 years and ≤45 years of age who fulfill the criteria of DSM-5 for schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In KEPS, early psychosis was defined the patients whose duration of treatment were within 2 years. The proportion of males was 41.9% and their mean age and age at onset were 28.7(SD=8.9) and 26.8(SD=9.1) years, respectively. An exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was conducted on the 8 items of dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5 with principle components extracted by the varimax method. Results An exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was conducted on the items of dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5 with principle components extracted by the varimax method. Two factors were identified which were labeled as ‘psychotic’ and ‘deficit’ domain. The first factor included delusions (loading=0.834, communality=0.697), hallucinations(loading=0.800, communality=0.640), disorganization(loading=0.654, communality=0.642), and abnormal psychomotor behavior(loading=0.677, communality=0.549). The second factor included negative symptoms(loading=0.833, communality=0.703) and impaired cognition(loading=0.827, communality=0.697). Depression and mania were excluded in factor analysis due to statistical incompatibility such as lack of communality less than 0.4. Bartlett’s test for sphericity was significant (χ2 =817.996, p<0.001), and the total variance of the factor solution was 65.452%. Discussion Two factors were identified which were labeled as ‘psychotic’ and ‘deficit’ domain. The first factor included delusions, hallucinations, disorganization and abnormal psychomotor behavior. The second factor included negative symptoms and impaired cognition. To our knowledge, this study is the first attempt to analyze the early psychosis patients using the dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5, and it would be meaningful to follow up the course with the cohort.

scholarly journals 1081 Associations Among REM Density And Parasympathetic Activity, Nightmares, And Hyperarousal In Trauma-exposed Individuals

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A411-A412
Author(s):  
K I Oliver ◽  
J A Hinton ◽  
C Daffre ◽  
J Dominguez ◽  
J Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
Sleep Diaries ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Ptsd Checklist ◽  
Rem Density ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
Frequency Power

Abstract Introduction Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit autonomic hyperarousal and nightmares. We hypothesized that REM density (REMD) and REM heart rate variability would predict self-reported hyperarousal, nightmares, and PTSD diagnosis in trauma-exposed individuals. Methods Ninety-nine individuals (aged 18-40, 68 females) exposed to a DSM-5 PTSD criterion-A trauma within the past two years (48 meeting PTSD criteria) completed a night of ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) preceded by an acclimation night. REMD in scored sleep recordings were computed using the Matlab program written by Benjamin Yetton. Indices of parasympathetic tone during REM were computed using Kubios software and included Average Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences (RMSSD) and High Frequency power (HFpower). Participants completed two weeks of sleep diaries with nightmare questionnaire and completed the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Hyperarousal-item scores were computed from the PCL-5 without the sleep item (PCLhyp) and from the CAPS-5 (CAPShyp), and these scores (with their sleep items) were combined into a Composite Hyperarousal Index (CHI). Nightmare rate was the proportion of sleep diaries reporting a nightmare. Simple regressions measured associations among REMD, REM parasympathetic indices, hyperarousal measures, and nightmare rate. Results REMD did not significantly predict PTSD diagnosis or hyperarousal scores but did predict decreased parasympathetic activity for both RMSSD (p= 0.002, R= -0.316) and HFpower (p= 0.016 R= -0.250). REMD predicted increased nightmare rate (p= 0.011 R= 0.262). Parasympathetic tone was negatively correlated with CAPShyp, PCLhyp, and CHI for both RMSSD (p= 0.04, 0.011, <0.000, respectively) and HFpower (p= 0.051, 0.021, 0.010, respectively). Lower parasympathetic tone also predicted PTSD diagnosis with both RMSSD (p=0.012, t=2.559) and HFpower (p=0.010, t=2.627), but did not predict nightmare rate. Conclusion REMD predicted decreased parasympathetic tone and higher nightmare rate. Parasympathetic tone, but not REMD, predicted hyperarousal and PTSD diagnosis. Support R01MH109638

scholarly journals Ten-year follow-up study of PTSD diagnosis, symptom severity and psychosocial indices in aging holocaust survivors

2009 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yehuda ◽  
J. Schmeidler ◽  
E. Labinsky ◽  
A. Bell ◽  
A. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Holocaust Survivors ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals Association of polygenic risk scores, traumatic life events and coping strategies with war-related PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity in the South Eastern Europe (SEE)-PTSD cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Weber ◽  
Adam X. Maihofer ◽  
Nenad Jaksic ◽  
Elma Feric Bojic ◽  
Sabina Kucukalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
South Eastern Europe

Abstract Objectives Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by extremely stressful environmental events and characterized by high emotional distress, re-experiencing of trauma, avoidance and hypervigilance. The present study uses polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from the UK Biobank (UKBB) mega-cohort analysis as part of the PGC PTSD GWAS effort to determine the heritable basis of PTSD in the South Eastern Europe (SEE)-PTSD cohort. We further analyzed the relation between PRS and additional disease-related variables, such as number and intensity of life events, coping, sex and age at war on PTSD and CAPS as outcome variables. Methods Association of PRS, number and intensity of life events, coping, sex and age on PTSD were calculated using logistic regression in a total of 321 subjects with current and remitted PTSD and 337 controls previously subjected to traumatic events but not having PTSD. In addition, PRS and other disease-related variables were tested for association with PTSD symptom severity, measured by the Clinician Administrated PTSD Scale (CAPS) by liner regression. To assess the relationship between the main outcomes PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity, each of the examined variables was adjusted for all other PTSD related variables. Results The categorical analysis showed significant polygenic risk in patients with remitted PTSD and the total sample, whereas no effects were found on symptom severity. Intensity of life events as well as the individual coping style were significantly associated with PTSD diagnosis in both current and remitted cases. The dimensional analyses showed as association of war-related frequency of trauma with symptom severity, whereas the intensity of trauma yielded significant results independently of trauma timing in current PTSD. Conclusions The present PRS application in the SEE-PTSD cohort confirms modest but significant polygenic risk for PTSD diagnosis. Environmental factors, mainly the intensity of traumatic life events and negative coping strategies, yielded associations with PTSD both categorically and dimensionally with more significant p-values. This suggests that, at least in the present cohort of war-related trauma, the association of environmental factors and current individual coping strategies with PTSD psychopathology was stronger than the polygenic risk.

Exploring mood symptoms overlap in PTSD diagnosis: ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria compared in a sample of subjects with Bipolar Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Carmassi ◽  
Carlo Antonio Bertelloni ◽  
Annalisa Cordone ◽  
Andrea Cappelli ◽  
Enrico Massimetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Diagnosis ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Mood Symptoms

scholarly journals M95. DSM-5 CLINICIAN-RATED DIMENSIONS OF PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOM SEVERITY: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S170-S171
Author(s):  
Edith Liemburg ◽  
Fokko Nienhuis ◽  
Wim Veling
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Impaired Cognition

Abstract Background In DSM-5, a number of “emerging measures” are included for further research and clinical evaluation. These patient assessment measures were developed to be administered at the initial patient interview and to monitor treatment progress. One of these instruments is the Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS). Using this instrument, a clinician can rate the severity of eight symptom dimensions of psychotic disorders. The psychometric properties and the applicability of the instrument in clinical practice have not yet been investigated. The current study aims to investigate the internal consistency, factor structure and external validity with other assessment instruments. Methods The CRDPSS measures eight symptom dimensions, namely Hallucinations, Delusions, Disorganized speech, Abnormal psychomotor behavior, Negative Symptoms, Impaired Cognition, Depression and Mania. Items are scored on a five-point scale ranging from “Not present” to “Present and Severe”. This interview has been applied in the Psychosis Recent Onset GRoningen Survey (PROGR-S), a diagnostic protocol for patients with a suspected recent-onset psychotic disorder (n = 164 in the current analysis). Besides the CRDPSS, scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Health of Nations Outcome Measure (HoNOS), the Mongomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Cambridge Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and mini-Structural Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (mini-SCAN) were used for current analyses. The Crohnbach Alpha was calculated to investigate internal consistency, exploratory factor analysis was applied, and the convergent validity was investigated by calculating non-parametric correlations of the CRDPSS with similar items or subscales of the other instruments. Results The Cronbach’s alpha of the CRDPSS was 0.36, indicating low internal consistency. Factor analysis resulted in three Factors: 1. Delusions/Mania, 2. Abnormal psychomotor behavior/Negative Symptoms/Impaired cognition, 3. Hallucinations/Depression. For hallucinations, Delusions, and Depression a Kendall’s tau of 0.35 – 0.45 was observed with the other instrument scores and for Impaired cognition tau = 0.6, indicating a weak to moderate association. Negative symptoms resulted in tau < 0.2 and for the other instruments tau < 0.1, but in these cases the measure of the other instruments was of questionable quality. Discussion The internal consistency of the CRDPSS was poor and factor analysis resulted in factors that differed to some extent from previous findings. Moreover, the convergent validity with other instruments was poor to moderate. In conclusion, based on first analyses the reliability and clinical applicability of the CRDPSS appears limited. Future studies should investigate inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, use more optimal measures to investigate convergent validity and use larger samples.

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