scholarly journals Quality of life, self-stigma, and hope in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyna Vrbova ◽  
Jan Prasko ◽  
Marie Ociskova ◽  
Dana Kamaradova ◽  
Marketa Marackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Comparison of self-stigma and quality of life in depressive disorder and schizophrenia – a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S356-S356
Author(s):  
M. Holubova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
S. Matousek ◽  
K. Latalova ◽  
M. Marackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

BackgroundThe views of one's self-stigma and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders are significant subjective notions, both being proven to affect patient's functioning in life. The objective of this research was to find out the quality of life and self-stigma in connection with demographic factors and compare the two groups of patients in those variables.MethodIn a cross-sectional study, the outpatients with the schizophrenia spectrum disorders and depressive disorders completed the quality of life satisfaction and enjoyment questionnaire, the internalized stigma of mental illness scale and a demographic questionnaire during a routine psychiatric control. Furthermore, both patients and their psychiatrists evaluated the severity of the disorder by clinical global impression-severity scale.ResultsThe quality of life of patients with depression or schizophrenia spectrum disorders did not significantly differ between the two groups. In both groups, unemployment was perceived to be a significant factor decreasing the quality of life. Self-stigma was detected to be higher in patients with schizophrenia as compared to the depressive patients. A strong correlation was found between the two scales, meaning that those with higher levels of self-stigmatization were less prone to see their life as fulfilling and joyful.ConclusionsThe present study shows that the degree of the internalized stigma can be an important aspect linked to the quality of life irrespective of the diagnostic category.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Admixture analysis of age at onset in older patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-785
Author(s):  
Maureen M. J. Smeets-Janssen ◽  
Idan M. Aderka ◽  
Paul D. Meesters ◽  
Sjors Lange ◽  
Sigfried Schouws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Admixture Analysis ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

ABSTRACTThe nature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders with an onset in middle or late adulthood remains controversial. The aim of our study was to determine in patients aged 60 and older if clinically relevant subtypes based on age at onset can be distinguished, using admixture analysis, a data-driven technique. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 94 patients aged 60 and older with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Admixture analysis was used to determine if the distribution of age at onset in this cohort was consistent with one or more populations of origin and to determine cut-offs for age at onset groups, if more than one population could be identified. Results showed that admixture analysis based on age at onset demonstrated only one normally distributed population. Our results suggest that in older schizophrenia patients, early- and late-onset ages form a continuum.

scholarly journals T194. SUBJECTIVE ANOMALIES OF IMAGINATION AGGREGATE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA-SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DISORDERS OF BASIC SELF

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S305-S305
Author(s):  
Andreas Rosén Rasmussen ◽  
Josef Parnas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Abstract Background Imagination is the formation of ideas or images of something known not to be present to the senses. Clinical psychopathology has few notions addressing this domain apart from obsession and rumination. Some classic psychopathological notions such as Jaspers’ concept of pseudohallucination or the pseudo-obsession are relevant to this area. In a recent research project, informed by contemporary philosophy of mind and phenomenology, we have developed novel concepts targeting subjective disturbances of imagination and fantasy life with a focus on the schizophrenia-spectrum. Patients describe a spatialization of images, i.e., stable imagery with an articulated spatial structure being liable to inspection ‘from afar in the mind’ and often undergoing an autonomous development independently of the will of the patient (‘like watching a movie in the head’). Other notions address tacit, non-psychotic erosions of the demarcation of fantasy life from perception and memory. A broad range of ideations (such as ‘daydreams’, ‘fears’, anticipations, intrusions, paranoid or suicidal ideation) may involve such structural disturbances of experience. Here, we present data from the first, cross-sectional study investigating the distribution of anomalies of imagination in different diagnostic groups and healthy controls as well as their association with positive symptoms, negative symptoms and disorders of basic selfhood. Methods The sample (N=81) included in- and outpatients with schizophrenia or another non-affective psychosis (N=32), outpatients with schizotypal disorder (N=15) or other mental illness (N=16) and healthy controls (N=18). The sample was 70% female with mean age 29.9 (SD 6.8; range 18–42) years. Anomalies of imagination were assessed with the Examination of anomalous fantasy and imagination (EAFI), which is an instrument recently developed in our group for a semi-structured interview exploring these experiences. The EAFI has shown very good reliability with average Kappa of 0.84. Disorders of basic self were assessed with the Examination of anomalous self experience (EASE) and positive, negative and general symptoms with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results Anomalies of imagination aggregated significantly (p < 0.000, Kruskall-Wallis test) in the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders compared to other mental illness with no significant difference between schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder. The group of healthy controls very rarely reported these anomalies and scored significantly lower (p < 0.000) than all diagnostic groups. In multivariate linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.66), EAFI score was significantly associated with EASE score (β = 0.62, p < 0.000), PANSS positive (β = 0.34, p = 0.01) and PANSS negative (β = 0.29, p = 0.02), but not PANSS general score (β = -0.29, p = 0.07). More than 79% of the schizophrenia-spectrum patients retrospectively reported the onset of these experiences to adolescence or earlier. Discussion The results of this cross-sectional study support that the subjective anomalies of imagination, targeted with the EAFI, are associated with the schizophrenia-spectrum. The association with disorders of basic self, which has been shown to have trait-like characteristics and to predict transition to schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, may reflect that the anomalies of imagination share a common experiential core-structure with self disorders. We suggest that the anomalies of imagination belong to an early onset level of psychopathology in the schizophrenia-spectrum and may have a relevance for differential diagnosis and early detection.

Chronic physical illnesses in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are independently associated with higher rates of psychiatric rehospitalization; a cross-sectional study in Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Filipcic ◽  
I. Simunovic Filipcic ◽  
E. Ivezic ◽  
K. Matic ◽  
N. Tunjic Vukadinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Psychiatric Rehospitalization ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Somatic Comorbidities ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractBackground:Increased physical morbidity in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) is well documented. However, much less is known about the association between somatic comorbidities and psychosis treatment outcomes.Subjects and methods:This cross-sectional study, nested within the larger frame of a prospective cohort study, was done in 2016 at Psychiatric Hospital Sveti Ivan, Zagreb, Croatia. Data were collected on a consecutive sample of 301 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who achieved a stable therapeutic dosage. Key outcome was the number of psychiatric rehospitalizations since diagnosis of the primary psychiatric illness. Predictors were number of physical and psychiatric comorbidities. By robust regression, we controlled different clinical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle confounding factors.Results:The number of chronic somatic comorbidities was statistically significantly associated with a larger number of psychiatric rehospitalizations, even after the adjustment for number of psychiatric comorbidities and large number of other clinical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle variables.Conclusions:Chronic somatic comorbidities are associated with higher rates of psychiatric rehospitalization independently of psychiatric comorbidities and other clinical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors. Therefore, to treat psychosis effectively, it may be necessary to treat chronic somatic comorbidities promptly and adequately. Chronic somatic comorbidities should be considered equally important as the SSD, and should be brought to the forefront of psychiatric treatment and research with the SSD as one entity. The integrative approach should be the imperative in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Connectivity to computers and the Internet among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 1201-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritta Välimäki ◽  
Lauri Kuosmanen ◽  
Heli Hätönen ◽  
Marita Koivunen ◽  
Anneli Pitkänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Hope, self-stigma, personality traits and quality of life in patients with psychotic disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S389-S390
Author(s):  
K. Vrbova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
K. Latalova ◽  
D. Kamaradova ◽  
M. Ociskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Stigma Of Mental Illness

IntroductionRecently, as a result of an increased emphasis on patients’ needs, the awareness on the quality of life has been engaged into account in the exploration of schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to explore the relations between hope, self-stigma, personality traits and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.MethodsFifty-two stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders participated in cross-sectional study. The psychiatrist assessed each patient with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Clinical Global Impression-Severity. The patients completed Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Temperament and Character Inventory, Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, Drug Attitude Inventory, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory – II, and Beck Anxiety Inventory.ResultsThe quality of life was significantly higher in employed patients, and individuals with higher hope, self-directedness, and persistence. The quality of life was lower among the patients with higher number of hospitalizations, those with higher severity of the disorder and individuals who were taking more medication. The patients with more pronounced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and social anxiety had a lower quality of life. Finally, the quality of life was lower among the individuals with higher harm avoidance, and self-stigmatization.ConclusionsDetection of the quality of life in the context of personality traits, hope, self-stigma and demographical and clinical factors may be an important part of the treatment of patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Quality of life in borderline patients comorbid with anxiety spectrum disorders – a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 1421-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Prasko ◽  
Ales Grambal ◽  
Dana Kamaradova ◽  
Klara Latalova ◽  
Michaela Holubova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Borderline Patients ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Postural sway and flexibility in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeko Ikai ◽  
Hiroyuki Uchida ◽  
Takefumi Suzuki ◽  
Kenichi Tsunoda ◽  
Yasuo Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Sway ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders
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