scholarly journals Rosette nanotubes show low acute pulmonary toxicity in vivo

2008 ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baljit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Rosette Nanotubes

scholarly journals Pulmonary Toxicity, Distribution, and Clearance of Intratracheally Instilled Silicon Nanowires in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny R. Roberts ◽  
Robert R. Mercer ◽  
Rebecca S. Chapman ◽  
Guy M. Cohen ◽  
Sarunya Bangsaruntip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanowires ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Wire Length ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Over Time

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) are being manufactured for use as sensors and transistors for circuit applications. The goal was to assess pulmonary toxicity and fate of Si NW using anin vivoexperimental model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with 10, 25, 50, 100, or 250 μg of Si NW (~20–30 nm diameter; ~2–15 μm length). Lung damage and the pulmonary distribution and clearance of Si NW were assessed at 1, 3, 7, 28, and 91 days after-treatment. Si NW treatment resulted in dose-dependent increases in lung injury and inflammation that resolved over time. At day 91 after treatment with the highest doses, lung collagen was increased. Approximately 70% of deposited Si NW was cleared by 28 days with most of the Si NW localized exclusively in macrophages. In conclusion, Si NW induced transient lung toxicity which may be associated with an early rapid particle clearance; however, persistence of Si NW over time related to dose or wire length may lead to increased collagen deposition in the lung.

scholarly journals Predicting the in vivo pulmonary toxicity induced by acute exposure to poorly soluble nanomaterials by using advanced in vitro methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Loret ◽  
Françoise Rogerieux ◽  
Bénédicte Trouiller ◽  
Anne Braun ◽  
Christophe Egles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Poorly Soluble

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Short-Term Pulmonary Toxicity of Differently Sized Colloidal Amorphous SiO2

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiemann ◽  
Ursula Sauer ◽  
Antje Vennemann ◽  
Sandra Bäcker ◽  
Johannes-Georg Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Amorphous Sio2

scholarly journals Pulmonary Toxicity and Inflammatory Response of Vape Cartridges Containing Medium-Chain Triglycerides Oil and Vitamin E Acetate: Implications in the Pathogenesis of EVALI

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thivanka Muthumalage ◽  
Joseph H. Lucas ◽  
Qixin Wang ◽  
Thomas Lamb ◽  
Matthew D. McGraw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamin E Acetate

Recently, there has been an outbreak of a condition named e-cigarette or vaping products-associated lung injury (EVALI). The primary components of vaping products include tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), vitamin E acetate (VEA) and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), may be responsible for acute lung toxicity. Currently, little information is available on the physiological and biological effects of exposure to these products. We hypothesized that these CBD/counterfeit vape cartridges and their constituents (VEA and MCT) induce pulmonary toxicity, mediated by oxidative damage and inflammatory responses, leading to acute lung injury. We studied the potential mechanisms of CBD/counterfeit vape cartridge aerosol induced inflammatory response by evaluating the generation of reactive oxygen species by MCT, VEA, and cartridges and their effects on the inflammatory state of pulmonary epithelium and immune cells both in vitro and in vivo. Cells exposed to these aerosols generated reactive oxygen species, caused cytotoxicity, induced epithelial barrier dysfunction, and elicited an inflammatory response. Using a murine model, the parameters of acute toxicity to aerosol inhalation were assessed. Infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes was accompanied by significant increases in IL-6, eotaxin, and G-CSF in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In mouse BALF, eicosanoid inflammatory mediators, leukotrienes, were significantly increased. Plasma from e-cig users also showed increased levels of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETEs) and various eicosanoids. Exposure to CBD/counterfeit vape cartridge aerosols showed the most significant effects and toxicity compared to MCT and VEA. In addition, we determined SARS-CoV-2 related proteins and found no impact associated with aerosol exposures from these tested cartridges. Overall, this study demonstrates acute exposure to specific CBD/counterfeit vape cartridges induces in vitro cytotoxicity, barrier dysfunction, and inflammation and in vivo mouse exposure induces acute inflammation with elevated proinflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of EVALI.

scholarly journals Pulmonary toxicity and inflammatory response of e-cigarettes containing medium-chain triglyceride oil and vitamin E acetate: Implications in the pathogenesis of EVALI but independent of SARS-COV-2 COVID-19 related proteins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thivanka Muthumalage ◽  
Joseph H. Lucas ◽  
Qixin Wang ◽  
Thomas Lamb ◽  
Matthew D. McGraw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamin E Acetate ◽  
Related Proteins

Abstract Recently, there has been an outbreak associated with the use of e-cigarette or vaping products, associated lung injury (EVALI). The primary components of vaping products, vitamin E acetate (VEA) and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) may be responsible for acute lung toxicity. Currently, little information is available on the physiological and biological effects of exposure to these products. We hypothesized that these e-cig cartridges and their constituents (VEA and MCT) induce pulmonary toxicity, mediated by oxidative damage and inflammatory responses, leading to acute lung injury. We studied the potential mechanisms of cartridge aerosol induced inflammatory response by evaluating the generation of reactive oxygen species by MCT, VEA, and cartridges, and their effects on the inflammatory state of pulmonary epithelium and immune cells both in vitro and in vivo. Cells exposed to these aerosols generated reactive oxygen species, caused cytotoxicity, induced epithelial barrier dysfunction, and elicited an inflammatory response. Using a murine model, the parameters of acute toxicity to aerosol inhalation were assessed. Infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes was accompanied by significant increases in IL-6, eotaxin, and G-CSF in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In mouse plasma, eicosanoid inflammatory mediators, leukotrienes, were significantly increased. Plasma from e-cig users also showed increased levels of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETEs) and various eicosanoids. Exposure to e-cig cartridge aerosols showed the most significant effects and toxicity compared to MCT and VEA. In addition, we determined at SARS-COV-2 related proteins and found no impact associated with aerosol exposures from these tested cartridges. Overall, this study demonstrates acute exposure to specific e-cig cartridges induces in vitro cytotoxicity, barrier dysfunction, and inflammation and in vivo mouse exposure induces acute inflammation with elevated pro-inflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of EVALI.

Use of Pulmonary Macrophages in Metal Toxicity: A Brief Overview

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1247-1250
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Cellular Toxicity ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pulmonary Damage ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophages

The pulmonary macrophage provides a critical function in the maintenance of the sterility and integrity of the lung. Inhaled particle deposited in the deep lung may interact directly with macrophages to manifest either primary cellular toxicity or secondary pulmonary damage resulting from impaired macrophage function. The advantages and disadvantages of in vitro macrophage culture systems as predictors of in vivo pulmonary toxicity are briefly described. Recommendations are presented for areas of additional research as well as effective utilization of this assay system.

Functional assessment of pulmonary capillary surface area in the 2-mo-old lamb

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1677-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Pitt ◽  
G. Lister ◽  
J. J. Perez Fontan ◽  
P. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Antineoplastic Agent ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Alveolar Surface Area ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Variability ◽  
Alveolar Surface

We recently reported that measurements of the maximal velocity of pulmonary endothelial angiotensin-converting enzyme (Vmax) in vivo provide information regarding microvascular surface area in the developing lamb. To obviate any subtle influences of development on Vmax aside from simple increases in surface area, we correlated Vmax with postmortem stereological assessments of alveolar surface area in the relatively mature lung of the 2-mo-old lamb (n = 14). We attempted to increase the range of surface area beyond its normal variability by injecting nine of the lambs with bleomycin, an antineoplastic agent with significant pulmonary toxicity in other species. Vmax, measured shortly after birth and then weekly, increased monotonically in all lambs. Despite their wide dispersion, Vmax and the stereological determinations correlated strongly at 2 mo of age, confirming that Vmax is a robust indicator of the surface area of the air-blood barrier. There was no significant difference in either measurement between the control lambs and those treated with bleomycin, suggesting that the newborn lamb is resistant to the effect of this agent.

Towards Radiolabeled G∧C Module for Cellular Imaging of Bioactive Rosette Nanotubes

2011 ◽  
Vol 1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaaeddin Alsbaiee ◽  
Mustapha St. Jules ◽  
Rachel L. Beingessner ◽  
Hicham Fenniri
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
The Self ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Rosette Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Conditions

ABSTRACTRosette nanotubes (RNTs) are obtained through the self-organization of biologically inspired self-complementary guanine-cytosine modules (G∧C motif) under physiological conditions. These architectures can express bioactive molecules on their surface by functionalizing the G∧C motif prior to self-assembly. As a result, RNTs are promising drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of diseases such as cancer and inflammatory disorders. Towards these studies, we have explored the toxicity and immunological response of RNTs and are now focused on understanding their cellular uptake, biological distribution and kinetics in vivo. For these investigations, we need to construct a RNT labeled with a radionuclide that can be followed in vivo by SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) imaging. In this proceeding, we describe a twin G∧C motif that is functionalized with mercaptoacetyl triglycine (MAG3). This is a well known ligand which is able to form a stable chelate with the radionuclides 99mTc or 186/188Re. In order to develop the chemistry for this radiolabeling strategy for the RNTs, we demonstrate the chelation of the MAG3 functionalized twin-G∧C motif with cold rhenium and investigate the self-assembly properties of the complex into RNTs under aqueous conditions.

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