scholarly journals Improving Drug Delivery for Alzheimer’s Disease Through Nose-to-Brain Delivery Using Nanoemulsions, Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) and in situ Hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 16 ◽  
pp. 4373-4390
Author(s):  
Sara Cunha ◽  
Ben Forbes ◽  
José Manuel Sousa Lobo ◽  
Ana Catarina Silva
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers ◽  
Brain Delivery

Alzheimer’s Disease Targeted Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 628-646
Author(s):  
Gülcem Altinoglu ◽  
Terin Adali
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Health Care Burden ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Effective Drugs

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and is part of a massive and growing health care burden that is destroying the cognitive function of more than 50 million individuals worldwide. Today, therapeutic options are limited to approaches with mild symptomatic benefits. The failure in developing effective drugs is attributed to, but not limited to the highly heterogeneous nature of AD with multiple underlying hypotheses and multifactorial pathology. In addition, targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS), for the diagnosis and therapy of neurological diseases like AD, is restricted by the challenges posed by blood-brain interfaces surrounding the CNS, limiting the bioavailability of therapeutics. Research done over the last decade has focused on developing new strategies to overcome these limitations and successfully deliver drugs to the CNS. Nanoparticles, that are capable of encapsulating drugs with sustained drug release profiles and adjustable physiochemical properties, can cross the protective barriers surrounding the CNS. Thus, nanotechnology offers new hope for AD treatment as a strong alternative to conventional drug delivery mechanisms. In this review, the potential application of nanoparticle based approaches in Alzheimer’s disease and their implications in therapy is discussed.

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems and their Potential in Alzheimer’s Disease Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panoraia I. Siafaka ◽  
Ece Ö. Bülbül ◽  
Gökce Mutlu ◽  
Mehmet E. Okur ◽  
Ioannis D. Karantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Transdermal Administration ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Alzheimer's disease is a neuropathological disease with symptoms such as language problems, confusion as to place or time, loss of interest in activities, which were previously enjoyed, behavioral changes, and memory loss. Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia affect almost 46.8 million people globally and are estimated to strike about 131.5 million people in 2050. It has been reported that Alzheimer's is the sixth main cause of mortality. The most used drugs, which are currently approved by the Food, and Drug Administration for Alzheimer’s disease are donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine, and the combination of donepezil and memantine. However, most of the drugs present various adverse effects. Recently, the transdermal drug delivery route has gained increasing attention as an emerging tool for Alzheimer's disease management. Besides, transdermal drug delivery systems seem to provide hope for the management of various diseases, due to the advantages that they offer in comparison with oral dosage forms. Herein, the current advancements in transdermal studies with potent features to achieve better Alzheimer's disease management are presented. Many researchers have shown that the transdermal systems provide higher efficiency since the first-pass hepatic metabolism effect can be avoided and a prolonged drug release rate can be achieved. In summary, the transdermal administration of Alzheimer's drugs is an interesting and promising topic, which should be further elaborated and studied.

scholarly journals Systematic development of lectin conjugated microspheres for nose-to-brain delivery of rivastigmine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 111829
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Waleed H. Almalki ◽  
Obaid Afzal ◽  
Sunil K. Panda ◽  
Imran Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Brain Delivery ◽  
Systematic Development

New advances in brain-targeting nano-drug delivery systems for Alzheimer's disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-67
Author(s):  
Qin Ouyang ◽  
Yingcai Meng ◽  
Wenhu Zhou ◽  
Jianbin Tong ◽  
Zeneng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Brain Targeting ◽  
Nano Drug Delivery

scholarly journals Role of the lncRNA BACE1-AS in shared disease mechanisms between heart failure and Alzheimer's disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Greco ◽  
A Made' ◽  
A.S Tascini ◽  
J Garcia Manteiga ◽  
S Castelvecchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rna Seq

Abstract Background BACE1 encodes for β-secretase, the key enzyme involved in β-amyloid (βA) generation, a peptide well known for its involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Of note, heart failure (HF) and AD share several risk factors and effectors. We recently showed that, in the heart of ischemic HF patients, the levels of both BACE1, its antisense RNA BACE1-AS and βA are all increased. BACE1-AS positively regulates the expression of BACE1, triggering βA intracellular accumulation, and its overexpression or βA administration induce cardiovascular-cell apoptosis. Aim To characterize the transcripts of the BACE1 locus and to investigate the molecular mechanisms underpinning BACE1-AS regulation of cell vitality. Methods By PCR and sequencing, we studied in the heart the expression of a variety of antisense BACE1 transcripts predicted by FANTOM CAT Epigenome. We studied BACE1 RNA stability by BrdU pulse chase experiments (BRIC assay). The cellular localization of BACE1-AS RNA was investigated by in situ hybridization assay. BACE1-AS binding RNAs were evaluated by BACE1-AS-MS2-Tag pull-down in AC16 cardiomyocytes followed by RNA-seq. Enriched RNAs were validated by qPCR and analysed by bioinformatics comparison with publicly available gene expression datasets of AD brains. Results We readily detected several antisense BACE1 transcripts expressed in AC16 cardiomyocytes; however, only BACE1-AS RNAs overlapping exon 6 of BACE1 positively regulated BACE1 mRNA levels, acting by increasing its stability. BACE1 silencing reverted cell apoptosis induced by BACE1-AS expression, indicating that BACE1 is a functional target of BACE1-AS. However, in situ hybridization experiments indicated a mainly nuclear localization for BACE1-AS, which displayed a punctuated distribution, compatible with chromatin association and indicative of potential additional targets. To identify other BACE1-AS binding RNAs, a BACE1-AS-MS2-tag pull-down was performed and RNA-seq of the enriched RNAs identified 698 BACE1-AS interacting RNAs in cardiomyocytes. Gene ontology of the BACE1-AS binding RNAs identified categories of relevance for cardiovascular or neurological diseases, such as dopaminergic synapse, glutamatergic synapse, calcium signalling pathway and voltage-gated channel activity. In spite of the differences between brain and heart transcriptomes, BACE1-AS-interacting RNAs identified in cardiomyocytes were significantly enriched in transcripts differentially expressed in AD brains as well as in RNAs expressed by enhancer genomic regions that are significantly hypomethylated in AD brains. Conclusions These data shed a new light on the complexity of BACE1-AS locus and on the existence of RNAs interacting with BACE1-AS with a potential as enhancer-RNAs. Moreover, the dysregulation of the BACE1-AS/BACE1/βA pathway may be a common disease mechanism shared by cardiovascular and neurological degenerative diseases. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Italian Health Ministery_Ricerca Corrente 2020

Alzheimer’s disease and its related Dementia types: A review on their management via nanotechnology based therapeutic strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panoraia I. Siafaka ◽  
Gökce Mutlu ◽  
Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Mixed Dementia ◽  
The Brain

Background: Dementia and its related types such as Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and mixed dementia belong to brain associated diseases, resulting in long-term progressive memory loss. These diseases are so severe that can affect a person's daily routine. Up to date, treatment of de- mentias is still an unmet challenge due to their complex pathophysiology and unavailable efficient pharmacological approaches. The use of nanotechnology based pharmaceutical products could possibly improve the management of dementia given that nanocarriers could more efficiently deliver drugs to the brain. Objective: The objective of this study is to provide the current nanotechnology based drug delivery systems for the treatment of various dementia types. In addition, the current diagnosis biomarkers for the mentioned dementia types along with their available pharmacological treatment are being dis- cussed. Method: An extensive review of the current nanosystems such as brain drug delivery systems against Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and mixed dementia was performed. Moreover, nan- otheranostics as possible imaging markers for such dementias were also reported. Results: The field of nanotechnology is quite advantageous for targeting dementia given that nanoscale drug delivery systems easily penetrate the blood brain barrier and circulate in the body for prolonged time. These nanoformulations consist of polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostruc- tured lipid carriers, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, and liquid crystals. The delivery of the nan- otherapeutics can be achieved via various administration routes such as transdermal, injectable, oral, and more importantly, through the intranasal route. Nonetheless, the nanocarriers are mostly limited to Alzheimer’s disease targeting; thus, nanocarriers for other types of dementia should be developed. Conclusion: To conclude, understanding the mechanism of neurodegeneration and reviewing the cur- rent drug delivery systems for Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia types are significant for medical and pharmaceutical society to produce efficient therapeutic choices and novel strategies based on mul- tifunctional and biocompatible nanocarriers, which can deliver the drug sufficiently into the brain.

Recent Advances in Targeted Drug Delivery Approaches using Lipidic and Polymeric Nanocarriers for the management of Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhara Lakdawala ◽  
Md Abdur Rashid ◽  
Farhan Jalees Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Polymeric Nanocarriers ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
The Brain

: Drug delivery to the brain has remained a significant challenge in treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier, which primarily obstructs the access of drugs and biomolecules into the brain. Several methods to overcome the blood-brain barrier have been employed, such as chemical disruption, surgical intervention, focused ultrasound, intranasal delivery and using nanocarriers. Nanocarrier systems remain the method of choice and have shown promising results over the past decade to achieve better drug targeting. Polymeric nanocarriers and lipidic nanoparticles act as a carrier system providing better encapsulation of drugs, site-specific delivery, increased bioavailability and sustained release of drugs. The surface modifications and functionalization of these nanocarrier systems have greatly facilitated targeted drug delivery. The safety and efficacy of these nanocarrier systems have been ascertained by several in vitro and in vivo models. In the present review, we have elaborated on recent developments of nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for Alzheimer's disease, explicitly focusing on polymeric and lipidic nanoparticles.

Electrically pulsatile responsive drug delivery platform for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Nano Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2400-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wu ◽  
Jiasi Wang ◽  
Nan Gao ◽  
Jinsong Ren ◽  
Andong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Delivery Platform

O5-06-04: AAV-CYP46A1 BRAIN DELIVERY MITIGATES ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: FROM MOUSE MODELS TO NON-HUMAN PRIMATES

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_31) ◽  
pp. P1658-P1659
Author(s):  
Sandro Alves ◽  
Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse ◽  
Mickael Audrain ◽  
Romina Aron Badin ◽  
Antonin Lamazière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Brain Delivery
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