scholarly journals Effectiveness and safety of polymyxin B for the treatment of infections caused by extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 1219-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thundon Ngamprasertchai ◽  
Adhiratha Boonyasiri ◽  
Lantharita Charoenpong ◽  
Sireethorn Nimitvilai ◽  
Narisorn Lorchirachoonkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

Intravenous fosfomycin in patients with liver disease for extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Pyrpasopoulou ◽  
Georgia Pitsava ◽  
Elias Iosifidis ◽  
George Imvrios ◽  
Eleni Massa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Phenotypic characterization of carbapenem non-susceptible gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0256556
Author(s):  
Abera Abdeta ◽  
Adane Bitew ◽  
Surafel Fentaw ◽  
Estifanos Tsige ◽  
Dawit Assefa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Public Health Institute

Background Multidrug resistant, extremely drug-resistant, pan-drug resistant, carbapenem-resistant, and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria are becoming more common in health care settings and are posing a growing threat to public health. Objective The study was aimed to detect and phenotypically characterize carbapenem no- susceptible gram-negative bacilli at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Materials and methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30, 2019, to May 30, 2020, at the national reference laboratory of the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Clinical samples were collected, inoculated, and incubated for each sample in accordance with standard protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Identification was done using the traditional biochemical method. Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant isolates were classified using a standardized definition established by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and the United States Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. Gram-negative organisms with reduced susceptibility to carbapenem antibiotics were considered candidate carbapenemase producers and subjected to modified carbapenem inactivation and simplified carbapenem inactivation methods. Meropenem with EDTA was used to differentiate metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) from serine carbapenemase. Meropenem (MRP)/meropenem + phenylboronic acid (MBO) were used to differentiate Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) from other serine carbapenemase producing gram-negative organisms. Results A total of 1,337 clinical specimens were analyzed, of which 429 gram-negative bacterial isolates were recovered. Out of 429 isolates, 319, 74, and 36 were Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. In our study, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, carbapenemase-producing, and carbapenem nonsusceptible gram-negative bacilli were 45.2%, 7.7%, 5.4%, and 15.4% respectively. Out of 429 isolates, 66 demonstrated reduced susceptibility to the antibiotics meropenem and imipenem. These isolates were tested for carbapenemase production of which 34.8% (23/66) were carbapenemase producers. Out of 23 carbapenemase positive gram-negative bacteria, ten (10) and thirteen (13) were metallo-beta-lactamase and serine carbapenemase respectively. Three of 13 serine carbapenemase positive organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase. Conclusion This study revealed an alarming level of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extremely drug-resistant, carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria, particularly among intensive care unit patients at the health facility level. These findings point to a scenario in which clinical management of infected patients becomes increasingly difficult and necessitates the use of “last-resort” antimicrobials likely exacerbating the magnitude of the global AMR crisis. This mandates robust AMR monitoring and an infection prevention and control program.

scholarly journals Cefiderocol for Extensively Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: Real-world Experience From a Case Series and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Zingg ◽  
G Jacopo Nicoletti ◽  
Sabine Kuster ◽  
Milena Junker ◽  
Andreas Widmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Cefiderocol is a new siderophore cephalosporin with activity against carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Data on its clinical efficacy are limited to complicated urinary tract infections. We present a series of 3 patients successfully treated with cefiderocol for complicated health care–associated infections and review published case reports.

The Development of New Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Bacterial Metallo-β-lactamases

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 834-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Jing Cheng ◽  
Cong-Cong Liu ◽  
Kai Tang ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Almost All

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are a family of Zn(II)-dependent enzymes that can hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antibiotics. Horizontal transfer of the genes encoding MBLs among Gram-negative bacteria pathogens has led to the emergence of extensively drug-resistant pathogens, which now represent a major threat to human health. As there is not to date yet a clinically available MBL inhibitor, the discovery of new MBL inhibitors has great urgency. This review highlights the recent developments in the discovery of small-molecule MBL inhibitors.

scholarly journals Detection and phenotypic characterization of carbapenem non susceptible gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abera Abdeta ◽  
Adane Bitew ◽  
Surafel Fentaw ◽  
Estifanos Tsige ◽  
Dawit Assefa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
And Control ◽  
Public Health Institute

Background Multi-drug resistant, extremely drug-resistant, pan-drug resistant, carbapenem-resistant, and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria are becoming more common in health care settings and are posing a growing threat to public health. Objective The study was aimed to determine the magnitude of multi-drug resistant, extremely drug-resistant, carbapenem non-susceptible, and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacilli at Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Materials and methods Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from June 30, 2019, to May 30, 2020, at the national reference laboratory of the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Clinical samples were collected, inoculated, and incubated in accordance to standard protocol for each sample. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion. Identification was done using the traditional biochemical method. Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant were classified using a standardized definition established by European Centers for Disease prevention and control and the United States Centers for Disease prevention and control experts. Carbapenemase production was confirmed by modified carbapenem inactivation and a simplified carbapenem inactivation method. Meropenem with EDTA was used to differentiate serine carbapenemase and Metallo β-lactamase. Results A total of 1337 clinical specimens were analyzed, of which 429-gram negative bacilli isolates were recovered. Out of 429 isolates 319, 74, and 36 were Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter species, and P. aeruginosa respectively. In our study, the prevalence of Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, Carbapenemase-producing, and carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative bacilli were, 45.2%, 7.7%, 5.4%, and 15.4% respectively. Out of 66 isolates screened for Carbapenemase, 34.8% (23/66) were Carbapenemase enzyme producers. Ten out of twenty-three Carbapenemase-positive organisms were Metallo-beta-lactamase producers. Thirteen out of twenty-three isolates were serine carbapenemase producers. Three out of 13 serine Carbapenemase positive organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase. Conclusion The finding from this study revealed a high prevalence of Multidrug-resistant, extremely drug-resistant, carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria, particularly among Intensive care unit patients at the health facility level, this necessitates a robust laboratory-based antimicrobial resistance monitoring and infection prevention and control program.

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