scholarly journals Antiviral resistance markers in influenza virus sequences in Mexico, 2000–2017

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 1751-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Toledo-Rueda ◽  
Nora H Rosas-Murrieta ◽  
José Esteban Muñoz-Medina ◽  
César González-Bonilla ◽  
Julio Reyes-Leyva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Resistance Markers

scholarly journals Bioluminescence-Based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay for Monitoring Influenza Virus Drug Susceptibility in Clinical Specimens

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 5209-5215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henju Marjuki ◽  
Vasiliy P. Mishin ◽  
Katrina Sleeman ◽  
Margaret Okomo-Adhiambo ◽  
Tiffany G. Sheu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Influenza Virus A ◽  
Oseltamivir Resistance ◽  
Resistance Markers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inhibitor Resistance

ABSTRACTThe QFlu prototype bioluminescence-based neuraminidase (NA) inhibition (NI) assay kit was designed to detect NA inhibitor (NAI)-resistant influenza viruses at point of care. Here, we evaluated its suitability for drug susceptibility assessment at a surveillance laboratory. A comprehensive panel of reference viruses (n= 14) and a set of 90 seasonal influenza virus A and B isolates were included for testing with oseltamivir and/or zanamivir in the QFlu assay using the manufacturer-recommended protocol and a modified version attuned to surveillance requirements. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) generated were compared with those of NI assays currently used for monitoring influenza drug susceptibility, the fluorescent (FL) and chemiluminescent (CL) assays. To provide proof of principle, clinical specimens (n= 235) confirmed by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to contain influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 and prescreened for the oseltamivir resistance marker H275Y using pyrosequencing were subsequently tested in the QFlu assay. All three NI assays were able to discriminate the reference NA variants and their matching wild-type viruses based on the difference in their IC50s. Unless the antigenic types were first identified, certain NA variants (e.g., H3N2 with E119V) could be detected among seasonal viruses using the FL assays only. Notably, the QFlu assay identified oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses carrying the H275Y marker directly in clinical specimens, which is not feasible with the other two phenotypic assays, which required prior virus culturing in cells. Furthermore, The QFlu assay allows detection of the influenza virus A and B isolates carrying established and potential NA inhibitor resistance markers and may become a useful tool for monitoring drug resistance in clinical specimens.

scholarly journals Influenza Virus: Small Molecule Therapeutics and Mechanisms of Antiviral Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (38) ◽  
pp. 5115-5127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianna Han ◽  
Jasmine Perez ◽  
Adam Schafer ◽  
Han Cheng ◽  
Norton Peet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Novel Therapeutics ◽  
Seasonal Epidemics ◽  
Small Molecule Therapeutics

Background: Influenza viruses cause severe upper respiratory illness in children and the elderly during seasonal epidemics. Influenza viruses from zoonotic reservoirs can also cause pandemics with significant loss of life in all age groups. Although vaccination is one of the most effective methods to protect against seasonal epidemics, seasonal vaccines vary in efficacy, can be ineffective in the elderly population, and do not provide protection against novel strains. Small molecule therapeutics are a critical part of our antiviral strategies to control influenza virus epidemics and pandemics as well as to ameliorate disease in elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Objective: This review aims to summarize the existing antiviral strategies for combating influenza viruses, the mechanisms of antiviral resistance for available drugs, and novel therapeutics currently in development. Methods: We systematically evaluated and synthesized the published scientific literature for mechanistic detail into therapeutic strategies against influenza viruses. Results: Current IAV strains have developed resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors and nearly complete resistance to M2 ion channel inhibitors, exacerbated by sub-therapeutic dosing used for treatment and chemoprophylaxis. New tactics include novel therapeutics targeting host components and combination therapy, which show potential for fighting influenza virus disease while minimizing viral resistance. Conclusion: Antiviral drugs are crucial for controlling influenza virus disease burden, but their efficacy is limited by human misuse and the capacity of influenza viruses to circumvent antiviral barriers. To relieve the public health hardship of influenza virus, emerging therapies must be selected for their capacity to impede not only influenza virus disease, but also the development of antiviral resistance.

scholarly journals Mutation and Epistasis in Influenza Virus Evolution

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lyons ◽  
Adam Lauring
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Virus Evolution ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Epistatic Interactions ◽  
Public Health Challenge

Influenza remains a persistent public health challenge, because the rapid evolution of influenza viruses has led to marginal vaccine efficacy, antiviral resistance, and the annual emergence of novel strains. This evolvability is driven, in part, by the virus’s capacity to generate diversity through mutation and reassortment. Because many new traits require multiple mutations and mutations are frequently combined by reassortment, epistatic interactions between mutations play an important role in influenza virus evolution. While mutation and epistasis are fundamental to the adaptability of influenza viruses, they also constrain the evolutionary process in important ways. Here, we review recent work on mutational effects and epistasis in influenza viruses.

The antiviral resistance of influenza virus

Therapy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Escuret ◽  
Olivier Ferraris ◽  
Bruno Lina
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Resistance

scholarly journals INFLUENZA VIRUS SURVEILLANCE BY THE INSTITUTO ADOLFO LUTZ, INFLUENZA SEASON 2014: ANTIVIRAL RESISTANCE

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-92
Author(s):  
Katia Corrêa de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Daniela Bernardes Borges da Silva ◽  
Margarete Aparecida Benega ◽  
Renato de Sousa Paulino ◽  
Elian Reis E Silva Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza Season ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Virus Surveillance

scholarly journals The Discovery of the Antiviral Resistance GeneMx: A Story of Great Ideas, Great Failures, and Some Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto Haller ◽  
Heinz Arnheiter ◽  
Jovan Pavlovic ◽  
Peter Staeheli
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Innate Resistance ◽  
Interferon Stimulated Genes ◽  
Pure Chance ◽  
New View

The discovery of the Mx gene–dependent, innate resistance of mice against influenza virus was a matter of pure chance. Although the subsequent analysis of this antiviral resistance was guided by straightforward logic, it nevertheless led us into many blind alleys and was full of surprising turns and twists. Unexpectedly, this research resulted in the identification of one of the first interferon-stimulated genes and provided a new view of interferon action. It also showed that in many species, MX proteins have activities against a broad range of viruses. To this day, Mx research continues to flourish and to provide insights into the never-ending battle between viruses and their hosts.

Antiviral resistance of influenza virus in the season 2014/15 in Denmark

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. S47
Author(s):  
R. Trebbien ◽  
K. Vorborg ◽  
J. Rønn ◽  
C.B. Christiansen ◽  
M.K. Thomsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Resistance

scholarly journals Contact transmission of influenza virus between ferrets imposes a looser bottleneck than respiratory droplet transmission allowing propagation of antiviral resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Frise ◽  
Konrad Bradley ◽  
Neeltje van Doremalen ◽  
Monica Galiano ◽  
Ruth A. Elderfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antiviral Resistance ◽  
Contact Transmission ◽  
Droplet Transmission
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