scholarly journals Prevalence of Neurocognitive Impairment and Associated Factors Among People Living with HIV on Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 425-433
Author(s):  
Abate Dargie Wubetu ◽  
Kokebie Kefelegn Asefa ◽  
Birhan Gebresillassie Gebregiorgis
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Living With Hiv

Association of highly active antiretroviral treatment with incident tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 886-892.e3
Author(s):  
Yung-Feng Yen ◽  
I-An Jen ◽  
Pei-Hung Chuang ◽  
Marcelo Chen ◽  
Yu-Ching Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals The THE SPECTRUM OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY AT MERPATI CLINIC, BALI, INDONESIA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
NOVIANA JOENPUTRI ◽  
KETUT SURYANA
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Objective: Infections contributed to higher morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in both developed and developing countries. This study aimed to describe the spectrum of opportunistic infections (OIs) and associated factors among PLWHA on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at Merpati Clinic, Wangaya Regional General Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. Methods: This was a retrospective study. All of PLWHA, who still receiving HAART at Merpati Clinic from January 2018 to January 2020, who met inclusion and exclusion criteria, were included as subjects in this study. All data were collected through a review of the complete medical record of patients. Results: The prevalence of OIs in this study was 43.4%. Most PLWHA who experienced OIs were male (68.8%), age ≤40 y old with a median of age 36 y old, educational status senior high school (57.7%), married (62.1%), employed (89.7%), CD4 cell count ≥ 200 cells/µl (67.6%) and transmission route of HIV non-Intravenous (IV) drug user (99.2%). Sex, age, marital status, and CD4 cell count were significantly associated with OIs, p=0.000, p=0.005, p=0.005, and p=0.000, respectively. Conclusion: The commonest OI in this study was pulmonary tuberculosis. The presence of OIs was associated with sex, age of HIV diagnosis, marital status, and CD4 cell count. With the knowledge of OIs spectrum, clinicians are expected to be able to prevent, diagnose and treat OIs promptly to decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by OIs efficiently.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence Rate and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV in Dubti Hospital, Afar Regional State, East Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekele Belayihun ◽  
Rahma Negus
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction. Antiretroviral Therapy has transformed HIV infection into a chronic manageable disease; it requires near perfect adherence rates (as high as 95%). In this study, we assessed antiretroviral treatment adherence rate and associated factors among people living with HIV in Dubti Hospital. Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted within February 1–30, 2014. All HIV-infected patients above the age of 18 years who took first line Antiretroviral Therapy were eligible for inclusion of the study. Adherence Scale was used for labeling patients as adherent or nonadherent. All HIV-infected patients record data were collected from the medical records, entered, and analyzed using Epi Info 7 and SPSS Version 20. Multivariable analysis was used to identify the relative effect of explanatory variables on low adherence rate. Results. A total of 370 patients aged 18 years and above, who started ART, were included in this study. The self-reported adherence rate of the patient on ART was 81.1%. Independent predictors of adherence were treatment duration. Conclusion. Adherence rate was associated with time to ART. That is, the longer they were on ART, the lesser they adhered.

scholarly journals The Role of Mental Health Conditions in the Diagnosis of Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Irene Portilla-Tamarit ◽  
Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo ◽  
Marcos Díez-Martínez ◽  
Rosario Ferrer-Cascales ◽  
Cristian Alcocer-Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Mental Health Condition ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Living With Hiv

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed mental health conditions (UMHC) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) on antiretroviral treatment and with long-term suppressed HIV viremia, and its association with neurocognitive impairment (NCI). A cross-sectional observational study on HIV subjects, ≥18 years old, on stable antiretroviral treatment and with HIV viral load <50 copies/mL was carried out. Patients with known comorbidities, substances abuse, anxiety or depression were excluded. UMHC were evaluated by the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III and NCI by Frascati criteria. The association between NCI and sociodemographic, clinical HIV variables and mental health conditions was analyzed. Further, the relationship between mental health conditions scores and NCI diagnosis was evaluated. Eighty patients were included, 37.5% had at least one undiagnosed mental health condition, and 26.3% had NCI. The most frequent mental health conditions were: anxiety (21.3%); bipolar disorder (11.3%); and substance dependence (8.8%). Only longer time since HIV diagnosis (p = 0.030) and at least one mental health condition diagnosis (p = 0.002) showed an association with NCI. Participants with NCI presented higher scores in anxiety, alcohol dependence and post-traumatic stress. Undiagnosed mental health conditions are frequent in PLWHIV. These disorders cannot be identified by HIV clinicians or basic screening questionnaires, and they are not usually self-reported by patients. UMHC could act as confounders in the evaluation of NCI.

scholarly journals Adherence to antiretroviral treatment and associated factors in people living with HIV/AIDS in Quindío, Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deisy Viviana Cardona-Duque ◽  
Oscar Adolfo Medina-Pérez ◽  
Sandra Milena Herrera-Castaño ◽  
Paula Andrea Orozco-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
Outcomes Study ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introducción. El VIH/sida es una enfermedad crónica, por ello es necesario reconocer qué factores favorecen la adhesión al tratamiento antirretroviral.Objetivo. Determinar la asociación entre adhesión al tratamiento antirretroviral y depresión, ansiedad, percepción de apoyo social y variables sociodemográficas en personas viviendo con VIH/sida en Quindío, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo transversal en una muestra intencional de 70 adultos, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario autorreferido de Morisky-Green, el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck, el cuestionario MOS (Medical Outcomes Study) de Apoyo Social y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Se realizaron análisis univariados y bivariados calculando Odds Ratio para determinar asociación (p<0.05).Resultados. 57.1% de los participantes reportó poca adhesión al tratamiento, 30% presentó síntomas depresivos moderados o graves, 71.4% puntuó niveles mínimos o leves de ansiedad y 77.1% tuvo baja percepción de apoyo social. Se encontró asociación estadística entre depresión —niveles altos triplicaron el riesgo de no adhesión— y autoevaluación de la manera como se sigue el tratamiento —excelente o buena aumentó cinco veces la probabilidad de adhesión—.Conclusión. La depresión y la autoevaluación del cumplimiento se asociaron con adhesión al tratamiento antirretroviral. Se sugiere profundizar el estudio de la percepción de apoyo social y variables cognitivas, como la autoeficacia y percepción de riesgo, en personas que viven con VIH/sida.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana: cross-sectional study of highly active antiretroviral therapy clients

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beauty Mawuenam Nanewortor ◽  
Farrukh Ishaque Saah ◽  
Prince Kubi Appiah ◽  
Hubert Amu ◽  
Kwaku Kissah-Korsah
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Nutrition among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is essential in their care and management as it has implication for their immune function. We examined the nutritional status and associated factors among HIV positive clients accessing Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) at a public hospital in Ghana. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 152 clients. Anthropometric measurements for weight and height were carried out in 2019. Data were analysed using SPSS 22.0. Descriptive and analytical statistics comprising frequency, percentage, and binary logistic regression were adopted in presenting the results. Results Seventy-nine percent and 74% of the clients had good nutrition knowledge and attitude, respectively. Also, 42% were malnourished (underweight = 13.8%, and overweight = 28.3%). Clients with primary (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.07–1.84), JSS/JHS (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08–0.84), SSS/SHS (AOR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.05–1.02) and tertiary (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08–0.88) were less likely to be malnourished compared with those with no formal education. Those with good nutrition-related knowledge were 56% (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.18–1.09) less likely to be malnourished than those with poor knowledge; this was however, not statistically significant. Conclusion We found a high prevalence of malnutrition among the clients which militates against progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal targets 3.3 and 3.4 of stopping AIDS epidemic and preventing premature deaths from malnutrition. Our findings justify the need for the implementation of innovative interventions by stakeholders in Ghana’s health industry to improve the nutritional status of people living with the disease.

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