scholarly journals Retinal Microvasculature in Schizophrenia

Eye and Brain ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
Steven M Silverstein ◽  
Adriann Lai ◽  
Kyle M Green ◽  
Christen Crosta ◽  
Samantha I Fradkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Microvasculature

scholarly journals Changes in retinal microvasculature and retinal layer thickness in association with apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo Youn Shin ◽  
Eun Young Choi ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Hyung Keun Lee ◽  
Suk Ho Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Capillary Plexus

AbstractBiomarker tests of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are invasive and expensive. Recent developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have enabled noninvasive, cost-effective characterization of retinal layer vasculature and thickness. Using OCTA and OCT, we characterized retinal microvascular changes in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage of AD and assessed their correlation with structural changes in each retinal neuronal layer. We also evaluated the effect of the APOE-ε4 genotype on retinal microvasculature and layer thickness. Retinal layer thickness did not differ between MCI patients (40 eyes) and controls (37 eyes, all p > 0.05). MCI patients had lower vessel density (VD) (p = 0.003) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and larger foveal avascular zone area (p = 0.01) of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) than those of controls. VD of the SCP correlated with the ganglion cell layer (r = 0.358, p = 0.03) and inner plexiform layer thickness (r = 0.437, p = 0.007) in MCI patients. APOE-ε4-carrying MCI patients had a lower VD of the DCP than non-carriers (p = 0.03). In conclusion, retinal microvasculature was reduced in patients with AD-associated MCI, but retinal thickness was not changed; these changes might be affected by the APOE genotype. OCTA of the retinal microvasculature may be useful to detect vascular changes in AD.

scholarly journals Relationship between birth weight and retinal microvasculature in newborn infants

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kandasamy ◽  
R Smith ◽  
I M R Wright ◽  
L Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature

Can the retinal microvasculature offer clues to cardiovascular risk factors in early life?

2013 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Jun Li ◽  
Yung-Seng Lee ◽  
Tien-Yin Wong ◽  
Carol Yim-Lui Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature

Analysis of retinal microvasculature in Fuchs’ uveitis syndrome. Retinal microvasculature in Fuchs’ uveitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
F.E. Aksoy ◽  
C. Altan ◽  
B. Basarir ◽  
D. Garip ◽  
I. Pasaoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome

scholarly journals Retinal microvascular parameters are not associated with diabetes in the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Ann O’Neill ◽  
Alexander Peter Maxwell ◽  
Frank Kee ◽  
Ian Young ◽  
Bernadette McGuinness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Automated Software ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background The retinal microvasculature offers unique non-invasive evaluation of systemic microvascular abnormalities. Previous studies reported associations between retinal microvascular parameters (RMPs) and diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess associations between RMPs and diabetes in a cross-sectional analysis of older persons from the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). Methods RMPs (central retinal arteriolar/venular equivalents, arteriolar to venular ratio, fractal dimension, and tortuosity) were measured from optic disc-centred fundus images using semi-automated software. Associations were assessed between RMPs and diabetes status with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Data were included for 1762 participants with 209 classified as having diabetes. Participants had a mean age of 62.1 ± 8.5 years, and 54% were female. As expected, participants with diabetes had significantly higher mean glycated haemoglobin A1c compared to participants without diabetes (57.4 ± 17.6 mmol/mol versus 37.0 ± 4.2 mmol/mol, respectively). In unadjusted and minimally adjusted regression, arteriolar to venular ratio, arteriolar tortuosity and venular tortuosity were significantly associated with diabetes (minimally adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.85; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 0.73, 0.99; P = 0.04, OR = 1.18; 95% CI 1.02, 1.37; P = 0.03 and OR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.04, 1.38; P = 0.01, respectively), although all failed to remain significant following adjustment for potential confounders. No additional associations between other RMPs and diabetes were detected. Conclusion Despite previously reported associations between diabetes and RMPs, our study failed to corroborate these associations in an older community-based cohort.

Clinical and laboratory changes in the hemostasis system in patients with optic nerve vasculitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
T.V. Shelkovnikova ◽  
◽  
H.P. Takhchidi ◽  
G.V. Nikolaeva ◽  
G.V. Vavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Venous Stasis ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Changes

Purpose. Clinical and laboratory studies of the hemostasis system in patients with optic nerve vasculitis. Materials and methods. Medical records and case history of 45 people (49 eyes) were analyzed, of which pathology in two eyes was detected in 4 people (8 eyes). The study involved 24 men and 21 women aged 17 to 35 years. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 5 years. Standard ophthalmic research methods and special research methods were used. Laboratory methods for the study of hemostasis included the detection of lupus anticoagulant was carried out using poison tests, as well as confirmatory tests with donor plasma and corrective phospholipids. Results. Retinopathy of the type of venous stasis was found in 30 people, neuropathy of the type of stagnant disc – in 15 people. In young patients after a viral infection with damage to the optic nerve in clinical form, retinopathy such as venous stasis and congestive optic nerve head with lupus anticoagulant was found in 73.4% of cases. In patients with vasculitis of the optic nerve with lupus anticoagulant, disturbances in the vascular-platelet and plasma-coagulation links in the hemostatic system were revealed. Conclusion. Lupus anticoagulant significantly reduces thromboresistance of the endothelium of the retinal microvasculature and enhances hypercoagulation, breaks the natural regulation of the hemostasis system and aggravates ischemia of the retina, optic nerve, participates in the pathogenesis of clinical forms of optic nerve vasculitis. Key words: hemostatic system, lupus anticoagulant, thrombophilia, optic nerve vasculitis.

scholarly journals Retinal vascular impairment in patients newly diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Loureiro ◽  
Sandra Rodrigues-Barros ◽  
Diogo Lopes ◽  
Ana Rita Carreira ◽  
Ricardo Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Background: To evaluate retinal morphological and vascular parameters in patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and determine the correlation between retinal vascular density and the severity of OSAS.Methods: We performed a retrospective study on the retinal vasculature of patients with OSAS and age-match healthy controls. OSAS was confirmed by full-night cardiorespiratory polygraphy. Patients were divided into three groups according to disease severity given by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) i.e., mild, moderate or severe. Retinal thicknesses and vascular density were compared between groups, for both the macula and optic disc. Correlation between vascular density and clinical features were also assessed.Results: The study included 30 eyes of patients with OSAS and 12 controls. No differences were found regarding retinal thickness in both the macula and the optic disc between OSAS patients and controls. In contrast significant differences were found in the peripapillary vessel density between groups versus control patients. The greatest difference being between severe OSAS and controls (49.4% ± 2.1 versus 40.4% ± 4.2 respectively, p=0.01). Peripapillary vessel density was found to significantly and negatively correlate with AHI (p=0.02; r= -0.74) and directly correlate with the lowest percutaneous oxygen saturation (p=0.02; r= 0.58).Conclusions: This study indicates that OSAS is associated with retinal microvasculature impairment, that seems to mainly affect the optic disc. This suggests that microvascular damage increases with the increasing severity of OSAS. As such prospective trials are needed to clarify if this vascular peripapillary damage precedes glaucomatous optic neuropathy in OSAS patients.

scholarly journals Tortuosity Index Calculations in Retinal Images: Some Criticalities Arising from Commonly Used Approaches

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Francesco Martelli ◽  
Claudia Giacomozzi
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Imaging ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Vascular Tortuosity ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Growing Body

A growing body of research in retinal imaging is recently considering vascular tortuosity measures or indexes, with definitions and methods mostly derived from cardiovascular research. However, retinal microvasculature has its own peculiarities that must be considered in order to produce reliable measurements. This study analyzed and compared various derived metrics (e.g., TI, TI_avg, TI*CV) across four existing computational workflows. Specifically, the implementation of the models on two critical OCT images highlighted main pitfalls of the methods, which may fail in reliably differentiating a highly tortuous image from a normal one. A tentative, encouraging approach to mitigate the issue on the same OCT exemplificative images is described in the paper, based on the suggested index TI*CV.

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