scholarly journals Co-existence of COPD and bronchiectasis: a risk factor for a high ratio of main pulmonary artery to aorta diameter (PA:A) from computed tomography in COPD patients

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 675-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Dou ◽  
Chunyan Zheng ◽  
Xiuli Ji ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Mengshuang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Aorta Diameter

scholarly journals Noninvasive Demonstration of Dual Coronary Artery Fistulas to Main Pulmonary Artery with 64-Slice Multidetector-Computed Tomography: A Case Report

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Noda ◽  
Ryo Matsutera ◽  
Yoshinori Yasuoka ◽  
Haruhiko Abe ◽  
Hidenori Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Fistulas

Coronary artery fistulas, including coronary pulmonary fistulas, are usually discovered accidently among the adult population when undergoing invasive coronary angiographies. We report here a 58-year-old woman with dual fistulas originating from the left anterior descending coronary artery and right coronary sinus to the main pulmonary artery, demonstrating noninvasively with multidetector-computed tomography (MDCT) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

scholarly journals Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography for Imaging Coronary Arteriovenous Malformation: a Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Suciu Zsuzsanna ◽  
Jakó Beáta ◽  
Benedek Theodora ◽  
Benedek I
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Ionic Contrast

Abstract Background: Coronary arteriovenous malformation is a rare congenital disease consisting mainly in a direct communication between a coronary artery and any one of the four cardiac chambers, coronary sinus, pulmonary arteries or veins. This disease can lead to various cardiovascular events, their severity depending on the degree of the malformation. Case report: We present the case of a 56-year-old male patient, who was admitted to our institution with dyspnea, palpitation and chest pain, having a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and an abnormal electrocardiogram. Physical examination did not reveal any alterations and the cardiac enzymes were in normal ranges. Cardiac computed tomography was performed before any other invasive studies, with a 64-row scanner (Somatom Sensation multislice 64 equipment, Siemens) after intravenous administration of non-ionic contrast material. CT scan revealed a large (2-2.5 mm) coronary fistula originating from the LAD to the main pulmonary artery, and multiple significant atherosclerotic coronary lesions. Coronary angiography confirmed the arteriovenous malformation between LAD and pulmonary artery, associated with three vascular coronary artery disease. Conclusions: Cardiac computed tomography angiography can help for a non-invasive diagnosis of the coronary artery malformations, in the same time revealing anatomic details which can be particulary useful for choosing the appropriate management strategy (surgical planning, interventional treatment or optimum medical treatment)

scholarly journals Widespread Parenchymal Abnormalities and Pulmonary Embolism on Contrast-Enhanced CT Predict Disease Severity and Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Campoccia Jalde ◽  
Mats O. Beckman ◽  
Ann Mari Svensson ◽  
Max Bell ◽  
Magnus Sköld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Parenchymal Abnormalities ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter ◽  
D Dimer

Purpose: Severe COVID-19 is associated with inflammation, thromboembolic disease, and high mortality. We studied factors associated with fatal outcomes in consecutive COVID-19 patients examined by computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA).Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort analysis included 130 PCR-positive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 [35 women and 95 men, median age 57 years (interquartile range 51–64)] with suspected pulmonary embolism based on clinical suspicion. The presence and extent of embolism and parenchymal abnormalities on CTPA were recorded. The severity of pulmonary parenchymal involvement was stratified by two experienced radiologists into two groups: lesions affecting ≤50% or >50% of the parenchyma. Patient characteristics, radiological aspects, laboratory parameters, and 60-day mortality data were collected.Results: Pulmonary embolism was present in 26% of the patients. Most emboli were small and peripheral. Patients with widespread parenchymal abnormalities, with or without pulmonary embolism, had increased main pulmonary artery diameter (p < 0.05) and higher C-reactive protein (p < 0.01), D-dimer (p < 0.01), and troponin T (p < 0.001) and lower hemoglobin (p < 0.001). A wider main pulmonary artery diameter correlated positively with C-reactive protein (r = 0.28, p = 0.001, and n = 130) and procalcitonin. In a multivariant analysis, D-dimer >7.2 mg/L [odds ratio (±95% confidence interval) 4.1 (1.4–12.0)] and ICU stay were significantly associated with embolism (p < 0.001). The highest 60-day mortality was found in patients with widespread parenchymal abnormalities combined with pulmonary embolism (36%), followed by patients with widespread parenchymal abnormalities without pulmonary embolism (26%). In multivariate analysis, high troponin T, D-dimer, and plasma creatinine and widespread parenchymal abnormalities on CT were associated with 60-day mortality.Conclusions: Pulmonary embolism combined with widespread parenchymal abnormalities contributed to mortality risk in COVID-19. Elevated C-reactive protein, D-dimer, troponin-T, P-creatinine, and enlarged pulmonary artery were associated with a worse outcome and may mirror a more severe systemic disease. A liberal approach to radiological investigation should be recommended at clinical deterioration, when the situation allows it. Computed tomography imaging, even without intravenous contrast to assess the severity of pulmonary infiltrates, are of value to predict outcome in COVID-19. Better radiological techniques with higher resolution could potentially improve the detection of microthromboses. This could influence anticoagulant treatment strategies, preventing clinical detoriation.

Pulmonary arterial elasticity in awake dogs

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Grant ◽  
J. M. Canty ◽  
G. Srinivasan ◽  
A. S. Brody
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

We measured the relationship between pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), diameter (D), and length of a segment of the main pulmonary artery (MPA) in chronically instrumented conscious dogs breathing spontaneously (CCC). There were no physiologically significant changes in Ppa or D in the CCC dogs postoperatively, and the cross-sectional MPA shape measured by fast computed tomography was nearly circular. These results suggest that the MPA was not distorted by chronic instrumentation. We compared measurements made in the CCC dogs with previous measurements in acutely instrumented anesthetized dogs with open chests (AAO). The elasticity of MPA in the CCC animals was frequency dependent between 1 and 14 Hz and was similar to that in the AAO dogs. Oscillations of D preceded Ppa at cardiac frequencies in the AAO animals, but the D and Ppa oscillations were in phase in the CCC animals. The oscillations of length relative to D were significantly less in the CCC than in the AAO dogs. We conclude that, with limitations, the hemodynamic properties of the MPA can be measured in the CCC subjects. We suggest that the discrepancies between the AAO and CCC dogs can be attributed to differences in extrinsic loading of the MPA.

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