scholarly journals The Preoperative Enhanced Degree of Contrast-enhanced CT Images: A Potential Independent Predictor in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients After Radical Gastrectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 11989-11999
Author(s):  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Huajun Ye ◽  
Ye Yan ◽  
Jiansheng Wu ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Radical Gastrectomy ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

scholarly journals Multi-factorial considerations for intra-thoracic lymph node evaluations of healthy cats on computed tomographic images

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninlawan Thammasiri ◽  
Chutimon Thanaboonnipat ◽  
Nan Choisunirachon ◽  
Damri Darawiroj
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

Abstract Background It is difficult to examine mild to moderate feline intra-thoracic lymphadenopathy via and thoracic radiography. Despite previous information from computed tomographic (CT) images of intra-thoracic lymph nodes, some factors from animals and CT setting were less elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of internal factors from animals and external factors from the CT procedure on the feasibility to detect the intra-thoracic lymph nodes. Twenty-four, client-owned, clinically healthy cats were categorized into three groups according to age. They underwent pre- and post-contrast enhanced CT for whole thorax followed by inter-group evaluation and comparison of sternal, cranial mediastinal, and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Results Post contrast-enhanced CT appearances revealed that intra-thoracic lymph nodes of kittens were invisible, whereas the sternal, cranial mediastinal, and tracheobronchial nodes of cats aged over 7 months old were detected (6/24, 9/24 and 7/24, respectively). Maximum width of these lymph nodes were 3.93 ± 0.74 mm, 4.02 ± 0.65 mm, and 3.51 ± 0.62 mm, respectively. By age, lymph node sizes of these cats were not significantly different. Transverse lymph node width of males was larger than that of females (P = 0.0425). Besides, the detection score of lymph nodes was affected by slice thickness (P < 0.01) and lymph node width (P = 0.0049). Furthermore, an irregular, soft tissue structure, possibly the thymus, was detected in all juvenile cats and three mature cats. Conclusions Despite additional information on intra-thoracic lymph nodes in CT images, which can be used to investigate lymphatic-related abnormalities, age, sex, and slice thickness of CT images must be also considered.

scholarly journals Value of contrast-enhanced CT texture analysis in predicting IDH mutation status of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Yingfan Mao ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Yudong Qiu ◽  
Yue Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Textural Features ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Venous Phase ◽  
Ct Texture Analysis

AbstractTo explore the value of contrast-enhanced CT texture analysis in predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs). Institutional review board approved this study. Contrast-enhanced CT images of 138 ICC patients (21 with IDH mutation and 117 without IDH mutation) were retrospectively reviewed. Texture analysis was performed for each lesion and compared between ICCs with and without IDH mutation. All textural features in each phase and combinations of textural features (p < 0.05) by Mann–Whitney U tests were separately used to train multiple support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The classification generalizability and performance were evaluated using a tenfold cross-validation scheme. Among plain, arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (VP), equilibrium phase (EP) and Sig classifiers, VP classifier showed the highest accuracy of 0.863 (sensitivity, 0.727; specificity, 0.885), with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.813 in predicting IDH mutation in validation cohort. Texture features of CT images in portal venous phase could predict IDH mutation status of ICCs with SVM classifier preoperatively.

scholarly journals Liver fibrosis staging by deep learning: a visual-based explanation of diagnostic decisions of the model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunchao Yin ◽  
Derya Yakar ◽  
Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx ◽  
Kim B. Mouridsen ◽  
Thomas C. Kwee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Fibrosis Stage ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Liver Surface ◽  
Fibrosis Staging

Abstract Objectives Deep learning has been proven to be able to stage liver fibrosis based on contrast-enhanced CT images. However, until now, the algorithm is used as a black box and lacks transparency. This study aimed to provide a visual-based explanation of the diagnostic decisions made by deep learning. Methods The liver fibrosis staging network (LFS network) was developed at contrast-enhanced CT images in the portal venous phase in 252 patients with histologically proven liver fibrosis stage. To give a visual explanation of the diagnostic decisions made by the LFS network, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-cam) was used to produce location maps indicating where the LFS network focuses on when predicting liver fibrosis stage. Results The LFS network had areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92, 0.89, and 0.88 for staging significant fibrosis (F2–F4), advanced fibrosis (F3–F4), and cirrhosis (F4), respectively, on the test set. The location maps indicated that the LFS network had more focus on the liver surface in patients without liver fibrosis (F0), while it focused more on the parenchyma of the liver and spleen in case of cirrhosis (F4). Conclusions Deep learning methods are able to exploit CT-based information from the liver surface, liver parenchyma, and extrahepatic information to predict liver fibrosis stage. Therefore, we suggest using the entire upper abdomen on CT images when developing deep learning–based liver fibrosis staging algorithms. Key Points • Deep learning algorithms can stage liver fibrosis using contrast-enhanced CT images, but the algorithm is still used as a black box and lacks transparency. • Location maps produced by Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping can indicate the focus of the liver fibrosis staging network. • Deep learning methods use CT-based information from the liver surface, liver parenchyma, and extrahepatic information to predict liver fibrosis stage.

scholarly journals Model-Based Pancreas Segmentation in Portal Venous Phase Contrast-Enhanced CT Images

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hammon ◽  
Alexander Cavallaro ◽  
Marius Erdt ◽  
Peter Dankerl ◽  
Matthias Kirschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Venous Phase ◽  
Pancreas Segmentation

scholarly journals Differentiating Central Lung Tumors from Atelectasis with Contrast-Enhanced CT-Based Radiomics Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rui Chai ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Pinle Qin ◽  
Jianchao Zeng ◽  
Jiwei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Gain ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Pulmonary Cancer ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Objectives. To evaluate the utility of radiomics features in differentiating central lung cancers and atelectasis on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images. This study is retrospective. Materials and Methods. In this study, 36 patients with central pulmonary cancer and atelectasis between July 2013 and June 2018 were identified. A total of 1,653 2D and 2,327 3D radiomics features were extracted from segmented lung cancers and atelectasis on contrast-enhanced CT. The refined features were investigated for usefulness in classifying lung cancer and atelectasis according to the information gain, and 10 models were trained based on these features. The classification model is trained and tested at the region level and pixel level, respectively. Results. Among all the extracted features, 334 2D features and 1,507 3D features had an information gain (IG) greater than 0.1. The highest accuracy (AC) of the region classifiers was 0.9375. The best Dice score, Hausdorff distance, and voxel AC were 0.2076, 45.28, and 0.8675, respectively. Conclusions. Radiomics features derived from contrast-enhanced CT images can differentiate lung cancers and atelectasis at the regional and voxel levels.

Tumor response assessment in locally unresectable or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (aSTS) patients (pts): A three-year Regina Elena Cancer Institute (IRE) experience with trabectedin therapy.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21517-e21517
Author(s):  
Carmen Nuzzo ◽  
Vincenzo Anelli ◽  
Silvia Carpano ◽  
Angela Torsello ◽  
Domenico Sergi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Response ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

e21517 Background: Trabectedin has emerged as an effective agent for aSTS pts pretreated with anthracyclines and ifosfamide. Recent data suggest that RECIST criteria could underestimate tumor response. Methods: ASTS pts who received trabectedin as 2nd or further line of treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor response was assessed using RECIST, mChoi and MASS criteria. A good response according to mChoi Criteria was defined as ≥ 10% mean decrease in tumor size or a ≥ 15% decrease in tumor attenuation on contrast-enhanced CT images. Predominantly solid enhancing target lesions were evaluated for marked central necrosis or marked decreased attenuation on axial contrast-enhanced CT images by MASS Criteria. Results: From May 2009 to December 2012, 30 pts with aSTS received trabectedin; pts characteristics are summarized in the table. Median number of previous treatment lines was 2 (range 1-5); median number of cycles administered was 4 (range 1–22 cycles). Treatment was well tolerated; main causes of dose-reduction were hematological and liver toxicities. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 8 wks (95% CI: 2-14); median overall survival (OS) was 44 wks (95% CI: 18-94). According to RECIST, 4 pts (15.4%)obtained a partial response (PR)), 9 pts (34.6%) achieved a stable disease (SD); tumor control rate was 50%. 13 pts (43%) obtained a progression of disease (PD). CT Scans of 13 pts were available for comparison of different response assessment methods (2 RP, 5 SD, and 6 PD). In our small series of pts concordance between the three radiologic methods tested was 90%. Conclusions: In aSTS patients treated with trabectedin, there is substantial concordance between mChoi, MASS and RECIST criteria. Prospective validation of the potential role of mChoi and MASS criteria in this setting is warranted. [Table: see text]

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