scholarly journals Aspirin use is associated with a reduced risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 4095-4104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Xiong ◽  
Weiyu Xu ◽  
Jin Bian ◽  
Hanchun Huang ◽  
Yi Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reduced Risk

scholarly journals Effects of β-Cryptoxanthin on Improvement in Osteoporosis Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Sun Jo Kim ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Anh ◽  
Nguyen Co Diem ◽  
Seongoh Park ◽  
Young Hyun Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Many studies have analyzed the effects of β-cryptoxanthin (BCX) on osteoporosis and bone health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at providing quantitative evidence for the effects of BCX on osteoporosis. Publications were selected and retrieved from three databases and carefully screened to evaluate their eligibility. Data from the final 15 eligible studies were extracted and uniformly summarized. Among the 15 studies, seven including 100,496 individuals provided information for the meta-analysis. A random effects model was applied to integrate the odds ratio (OR) to compare the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related complications between the groups with high and low intake of BCX. A high intake of BCX was significantly correlated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis (OR = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70–0.90, p = 0.0002). The results remained significant when patients were stratified into male and female subgroups as well as Western and Asian cohorts. A high intake of BCX was also negatively associated with the incidence of hip fracture (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.94, p = 0.02). The results indicate that BCX intake potentially reduces the risk of osteoporosis and hip fracture. Further longitudinal studies are needed to validate the causality of current findings.

scholarly journals Metformin Use Associated with Reduced Risk of Dementia in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1225-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared M. Campbell ◽  
Matthew D. Stephenson ◽  
Barbora de Courten ◽  
Ian Chapman ◽  
Susan M. Bellman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract P149: The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Insulin Sensitivity and Glycemic Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Intervention Studies

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse C Schrieks ◽  
Annelijn L Heil ◽  
Henk F Hendriks ◽  
Kenneth J Mukamal ◽  
Joline W Beulens
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Reduced Risk

Introduction: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, but this relation appears stronger for women than men. The reduced risk of diabetes could be explained by improved insulin sensitivity or glycemic status, but results of intervention studies on this relation are inconsistent. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies investigating the effect of alcohol consumption on insulin sensitivity and glycemic status. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. Data sources: PubMed and Embase were searched until May 2013 using a pre-specified search string. Methods: Intervention studies on the effect of more than 2 weeks alcohol consumption on biological markers of insulin sensitivity or glycemic status were identified and assessed on their quality. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated using either fixed or random effects models. Gender-stratified analyses and sensitivity analyses excluding studies with high doses of alcohol (> 40 g/day). In a meta-regression the influence of dosage and duration of intervention was tested. Results: We included 14 intervention studies in a meta-analysis on 6 glycemic endpoints. Alcohol consumption did not influence insulin sensitivity (SMD=0.06 [-0.13 to 0.26]) or fasting glucose (SMD=0.09 [-0.09 to 0.27]). Alcohol consumption reduced HbA1c (SMD=-0.62 [-1.01 to -0.23], P=0.002) and insulin concentrations (SMD=-0.17 [-0.34 to 0.00] P=0.049) compared with the control group. In women, alcohol consumption reduced fasting insulin (SMD=-0.23 [-0.41 to -0.04], P=0.019) and improved insulin sensitivity (SMD=0.19 [-0.03 to 0.41], P=0.087), but no significant differences were observed among men. Results were similar when only studies with moderate alcohol dosages were analysed and were not influenced by dosage and duration of the intervention. Conclusions: This study showed that moderate alcohol consumption may reduce fasting insulin and improve insulin sensitivity among women, but not among men. These effects may provide an explanation for the relation between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, moderate alcohol consumption may reduce HbA1c levels among both men and women.

scholarly journals Hormonal Contraception Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e73055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka A. Vodstrcil ◽  
Jane S. Hocking ◽  
Matthew Law ◽  
Sandra Walker ◽  
Sepehr N. Tabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Reduced Risk

scholarly journals The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Insulin Sensitivity and Glycemic Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Intervention Studies

Diabetes Care ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-732
Author(s):  
Ilse C. Schrieks ◽  
Annelijn L.J. Heil ◽  
Henk F.J. Hendriks ◽  
Kenneth J. Mukamal ◽  
Joline W.J. Beulens
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Improve Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Reduced Risk

OBJECTIVE Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. This reduced risk might be explained by improved insulin sensitivity or improved glycemic status, but results of intervention studies on this relation are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies investigating the effect of alcohol consumption on insulin sensitivity and glycemic status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched up to August 2014. Intervention studies on the effect of alcohol consumption on biological markers of insulin sensitivity or glycemic status of at least 2 weeks' duration were included. Investigators extracted data on study characteristics, outcome measures, and methodological quality. RESULTS Fourteen intervention studies were included in a meta-analysis of six glycemic end points. Alcohol consumption did not influence estimated insulin sensitivity (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.08 [−0.09 to 0.24]) or fasting glucose (SMD 0.07 [−0.11 to 0.24]) but reduced HbA1c (SMD −0.62 [−1.01 to −0.23]) and fasting insulin concentrations (SMD −0.19 [−0.35 to −0.02]) compared with the control condition. Alcohol consumption among women reduced fasting insulin (SMD −0.23 [−0.41 to −0.04]) and tended to improve insulin sensitivity (SMD 0.16 [−0.04 to 0.37]) but not among men. Results were similar after excluding studies with high alcohol dosages (>40 g/day) and were not influenced by dosage and duration of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Although the studies had small sample sizes and were of short duration, the current evidence suggests that moderate alcohol consumption may decrease fasting insulin and HbA1c concentrations among nondiabetic subjects. Alcohol consumption might improve insulin sensitivity among women but did not do so overall.

Bisphosphonates Are Associated With Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-239.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Singh ◽  
Abha Goyal Singh ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Murad ◽  
Paul J. Limburg
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reduced Risk
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