scholarly journals Is dementia incidence declining in high-income countries? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 1233-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Roehr ◽  
Alexander Pabst ◽  
Tobias Luck ◽  
Steffi Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Income ◽  
Dementia Incidence

scholarly journals Health outcomes of iron supplementation and/or food fortification in iron-replete children aged 4–24 months: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic J. Hare ◽  
Sabine Braat ◽  
Bárbara R. Cardoso ◽  
Christopher Morgan ◽  
Ewa A. Szymlek-Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Income ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Food Fortification ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Theses And Dissertations ◽  
Additional Iron

Abstract Background Direct supplementation or food fortification with iron are two public health initiatives intended to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in 4–24-month-old infants. In most high-income countries where IDA prevalence is < 15%, the recommended daily intake levels of iron from supplements and/or consumption of fortified food products are at odds with World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines that recommend shorter-term (3 months/year) supplementation only in populations with IDA prevalence > 40%. Emerging concerns about delayed neurological effects of early-life iron overexposure have raised questions as to whether recommended guidelines in high-income countries are unnecessarily excessive. This systematic review will gather evidence from supplementation/fortification trials, comparing health outcomes in studies where iron-replete children did or did not receive additional dietary iron; and determine if replete children at study outset were not receiving additional iron show changes in haematological indices of ID/IDA over the trial duration. Methods We will perform a systematic review of the literature, including all studies of iron supplementation and/or fortification, including study arms with confirmed iron-replete infants at the commencement of the trial. This includes both dietary iron intervention or placebo/average dietary intakes. One reviewer will conduct searches in electronic databases of published and ongoing trials (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL, EBSCO [e.g. CINAHL Complete, Food Science and Technology Abstracts], Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrialsRegister.eu and who.it/trialsearch), digital theses and dissertations (WorldCat, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, DART-Europe E-theses Portal, Australasian Digital Theses Program, Theses Canada Portal and ProQuest). For eligible studies, one reviewer will use a data extraction form, and a second reviewing entered data for accuracy. Both reviewers will independently perform quality assessments before qualitative and, if appropriate, quantitative synthesis as a meta-analysis. We will resolve any discrepancies through discussion or consult a third author to resolve discrepancies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement will be used as the basis for reporting. Discussion Recommended iron supplementation and food fortification practices in high-income countries have been criticised for being both excessive and based on outdated or underpowered studies. This systematic review will build a case for revisiting iron intake guidelines for infants through the design of new trials where health effects of additional iron intake in iron-replete infants are the primary outcome. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42018093744.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Children and Adolescents in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Zebenay Workneh Bitew ◽  
Ayinalem Alemu ◽  
Zelalem Tenaw ◽  
Animut Alebel ◽  
Teshager Worku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
General Population ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Income ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Obese Population

Introduction. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an assemblage of interconnected cardiovascular risk factors that are prevalent among children and adolescents in high-income countries (HICs). Despite the presence of several studies on the issue, the study findings are incongruent due to the absence of a gold standard diagnostic method of MetS in children. Thus, the findings of the original studies are inconclusive for policy makers and other stakeholders. This systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at giving conclusive evidence about MetS among children and adolescents in HICs. Methods. We conducted searches using electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Medline (EBSCOhost)) and other sources (Google Scholar and Google) up to September 2020. Observational studies reporting the prevalence of MetS were eligible in this study. The pooled estimates were computed in fixed and random effect models using six diagnostic methods (IDF, ATP III, de Ferranti et al., WHO, Weiss et al., and Cruz and Goran). Publication bias was verified using funnel plots and Egger’s regression tests. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed in case of higher heterogeneities among the included studies. Result. In this study, 77 studies with a total population of 125,445 children and adolescents were used in the final analysis. Metabolic syndrome among the overweight and obese population was computed from 28 studies with the pooled prevalence of 25.25%, 24.47%, 39.41%, 29.52%, and 33.36% in IDF, ATP III, de Ferranti et al., WHO, and Weiss et al. criteria, respectively. Likewise, 49 studies were eligible to compute the pooled prevalence of MetS in the general population of children and adolescents. Hence, MetS was found in 3.70% (IDF), 5.40% (ATP III), 14.78% (de Ferranti et al.), 3.90% (WHO), and, 4.66% (Cruz and Goran) of study participants. Regarding the components of MetS, abdominal obesity in the overweight and obese population, and low HDL-C in the general population were the most common components. Besides, the prevalence of Mets among males was higher than females. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that MetS among children and adolescents is undoubtedly high in HICs. The prevalence of MetS is higher among males than females. Community-based social and behavioral change communications need to be designed to promote healthy eating behaviors and physical activities. Prospective cohort studies could also help to explore all possible risk factors of MetS and to design specific interventions accordingly.

P2-341: THE COMBINED EFFECT OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND PHYSICAL FRAILTY ON DEMENTIA INCIDENCE: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_15) ◽  
pp. P816-P816
Author(s):  
Giulia Grande ◽  
Miriam L. Haaksma ◽  
Debora Rizzuto ◽  
René J.F. Melis ◽  
Alessandra Marengoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Dementia Incidence

scholarly journals Impact of severe maternal morbidity on adverse perinatal outcomes in high-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye S Mengistu ◽  
Jessica Turner ◽  
Christopher Flatley ◽  
Jane Fox ◽  
Sailesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
High Income ◽  
Severe Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionSevere maternal morbidity (SMM) includes conditions that are on a continuum of maternal morbidity to maternal death. Rates of SMM are increasing both in high-income countries (HICs) as well as in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). There is evidence that analysis of SMM trends and detailed investigation of factors implicated in these cases may reflect the standard of maternal healthcare both in HICs and LMICs. SMM is also associated with poorer perinatal outcomes. The aim of this protocol is to describe the proposed methodology for the synthesis and analyses of the data describing the relationship between SMM and adverse perinatal outcomes in a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and will be registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Original peer-reviewed epidemiologic/clinical studies of observational (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control) and randomised controlled trial studies conducted in high-income countries will be included. An electronic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus databases will be performed without restricting publication date/year. Two authors will independently screen the titles, review abstracts and perform data extraction. Where possible, meta-analyses will be done to calculate pooled estimates.Ethics and disseminationAs this is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of published data, ethics review and approval are not required. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019130933.

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