scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of the once-daily efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir tablet compared with the once-daily elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir tablet as first-line antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults in the US

2013 ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Anene ◽  
Bentley ◽  
Michael Broder ◽  
Jesse Ortendahl ◽  
Timothy Juday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
First Line ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Cost‐Effectiveness of Tenofovir as First‐Line Antiretroviral Therapy in India

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Bender ◽  
Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy ◽  
Kenneth H. Mayer ◽  
Bingxia Wang ◽  
Rochelle P. Walensky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
First Line

scholarly journals First-line antiretroviral therapy after single-dose nevirapine exposure in South Africa: a cost-effectiveness analysis of the OCTANE trial

AIDS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L Ciaranello ◽  
Shahin Lockman ◽  
Kenneth A Freedberg ◽  
Michael Hughes ◽  
Jennifer Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
First Line ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Single Dose Nevirapine

First-Line Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youwen Zhu ◽  
Huabin Hu ◽  
Dong Ding ◽  
Shuosha Li ◽  
Mengting Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Us ◽  
Extensive Stage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
First Line Treatment

Abstract Background：The phase III clinical trial Keynote-604 indicated that pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy could generate clinical benefits in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC). We aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of ES-SCLC from the United States (US) payers’ perspective.Methods: A synthetical Markov model was used to evaluate cost and effectiveness of pembrolizumab plus platinum-etoposide (EP) versus EP in first-line therapy for ES-SCLC from the data of Keynote-604. Lifetime costs life-years (LYs), quality adjusted LYs (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. In addition, We also considered subgroup cost-effectiveness.Results: Pembrolizumab plus EP resulted in additional 0.18 QALYs (0.32 LYs) and corresponding incremental costs $113,625, resulting an ICER of $647,509 per QALY versus EP. The most influential factor in this model was the cost of pembrolizumab. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed there was 0% probability that pembrolizumab combination chemotherapy was cost-effective at willingness-to-pay (WTP) values of $150,000 per QALY in the US. The results of subgroup probabilistic sensitivity analyses suggested that all subgroups were not cost-effective.Conclusion: From the perspective of the US payer, pembrolizumab plus EP is not a cost-effective option as first-line treatment for patients with ES-SCLC at a WTP threshold of $150,000 per QALY.

Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy

2019 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Saira Ajmal ◽  
Zelalem Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Human Services ◽  
First Line ◽  
Health And Human Services ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The Us

Upon completion of this chapter, the reader should be able to • Discuss categories of regimens for first-line antiretroviral therapy. • Recognize the basis for the US Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) guidelines for initial antiretroviral therapy. • Recognize and apply recommended regimens for initiation of antiretroviral therapy....

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for previously untreated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in the USA

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e031019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Zeng ◽  
Xiaomin Wan ◽  
Liubao Peng ◽  
Ye Peng ◽  
Fang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
First Line ◽  
Metastatic Nsclc ◽  
Payer Perspective ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Cost

ObjectivesEvaluating the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab plus standard chemotherapy in the first-line setting for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the US payer perspective.DesignA Markov model was constructed to analyse the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of metastatic NSCLC. Health outcomes were estimated in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). The cost information was from Medicare in 2018. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses examined the impact of uncertainty and assumptions on the results.SettingThe US payer perspective.ParticipantsA hypothetical US cohort of patients with previously untreated metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC without EGFR or ALK mutations.InterventionsPembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy.Primary outcome measuresCosts, QALYs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy expressed as cost per QALY gained compared with chemotherapyResultsThe base case analysis demonstrated that pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy provided an additional 0.78 QALYs at incremental cost of $151 409, resulting in an ICER of $194 372/QALY. ICER for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was >$149 680/QALY in all of our univariable and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsPembrolizumab in addition to chemotherapy provides modest incremental benefit at high incremental cost per QALY for the treatment of previously untreated metastatic NSCLC.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected African children less than 3 years of age

AIDS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1247-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Ciaranello ◽  
Kathleen Doherty ◽  
Martina Penazzato ◽  
Jane C. Lindsey ◽  
Linda Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
First Line ◽  
African Children

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258605
Author(s):  
Qiao Liu ◽  
Chongqing Tan ◽  
Lidan Yi ◽  
Xiaomin Wan ◽  
Liubao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
First Line ◽  
Payer Perspective ◽  
The Us ◽  
Extensive Stage ◽  
The Cost

Background The phase III KEYNOTE-604 study confirmed the benefit of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Taken into account the clinical benefits of pembrolizumab and its high cost, this study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of adding pembrolizumab to standard first-line etoposide-platinum (EP) for patients with ES-SCLC from the US payer perspective. Methods A Markov model was developed to compare the cost and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of pembrolizumab plus EP and placebo plus EP over a 10-year time horizon. Clinical efficacy and safety data were pooled from the KEYNOTE-604 trial. Utilities were obtained from published resources. Costs were mainly collected from Medicare in 2020. Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of our model. Results Adding pembrolizumab to standard first-line EP resulted in the better effectiveness than EP chemotherapy alone for ES-SCLC by 0.22 QALYs. Pembrolizumab plus EP was dominated economically by placebo plus EP, leading to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $334,373/ QALY. Deterministic sensitivity analyses indicated that the uncertainty in model parameters exerted no substantial effect on our results. Probability sensitivity analysis indicated that probabilities for pembrolizumab plus EP being cost-effective within a wide range of willingness to pay were modest. Conclusion From the US payer perspective, the first-line treatment for ES-SCLC with pembrolizumab plus EP was not cost-effective compared with placebo plus EP. Although pembrolizumab combination chemotherapy was beneficial to the survival of ES-SCLC, price reduction may be the necessary to improve its cost-effectiveness.

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