scholarly journals Interactive Commodity Loop

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Vladimir Gvozden
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Ian Hacking ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
The People ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Points Of Resistance

The commodity is recognized as an essential element of our world. If our relationship with commodity as the structuring form of capitalist society is an ongoing process of subjective work and the exchange of meanings, then the question of historical ontology becomes inevitable. Historical ontology means that “we constitute ourselves at a place and time, using materials that have a distinctive and historically formed organization” (I. Hacking). This paper is an attempt to interpret commodity through the extension of two concepts developed by Ian Hacking (the looping effect, the making up people), and their connection with the philosophical approach to economy. The looping effects of commodity create a special ambience, special forms of connection and separation, equality and hierarchy, community and singularity, freedom and affirmation. The article gives a short historical account of the emergence of the commodity loop (from the 1850s to 2001), and singles out the importance of the structural determinations of capitalism (the ideology of free market, property, state mechanisms, a specific type of culture, etc.). The “making up people” inside the commodity loop presumes the people who count, take part in the marketising, imagine the market in every situation, interiorize the market-conforming sense of guilt and responsibility, and, paradoxically, will be ready to be self-entrepreneurs, to participate in own making up. It is shown that contemporary doxa becomes evident from the perspective of the commodity loop, although it creates a context of harmony and reduces complexity. As the analysis goes deeper, we are discovering interactive nodes at steadily increasing levels of intensity but also two possible productive points of resistance (inequality, immigration). The commodity loop is an ontological fabric in which all threads are woven together, from political and economic to social and personal relationships. At the end of the article, we try to connect Agamben’s ideal of profanation with Hacking’s looping effect. This leads to the conclusion that commodity’s phantom-like objectivity should be profaned, which means to return it to free human use.

Determinanty wewnętrzne polityki zagranicznej Ukrainy pod rządami Wołodymyra Zełenskiego

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
Tomasz Stępniewski
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Political System ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The People ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
Research Questions

The present paper discusses the following research questions: to what extent did errors made by the previous presidents of Ukraine result in the country’s failure to introduce systemic reforms (e.g. combating corruption, the development of a foundation for a stable state under the rule of law and free-market economy)?; can it be ventured that the lack of radical reforms along with errors in the internal politics of Ukraine under Petro Poroshenko resulted in the president’s failure?; will the strong vote of confidence given to Volodymyr Zelensky and the Servant of the People party exact systemic reforms in Ukraine?; or will Volodymyr Zelensky merely become an element of the oligarchic political system in Ukraine?

scholarly journals Neoliberalism is not dead – On political implications of Covid-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 030981682098238
Author(s):  
Miloš Šumonja
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Strong State ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

The news is old – neoliberalism is dead for good, but this time, even Financial Times knows it. Obituaries claim that it had died from the coronavirus, as the state, not the markets, have had to save both the people and the economy. The argument of the article is that these academic and media interpretations of ‘emergency Keynesianism’ misidentify neoliberalism with its anti-statist rhetoric. For neoliberalism is, and has always been, about ‘the free market and the strong state’. In fact, rather than waning in the face of the coronavirus crisis, neoliberal states around the world are using the ongoing ‘war against the virus’ to strengthen their right-hand grip on the conditions of the working classes.

scholarly journals RELEVANSI ANTARA PENILAIAN DAN PENGUKURAN DARI LABA AKUNTANSI KONVENSIONAL UNTUK AKUNTANSI SYARIAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Hulaify
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Conventional Models ◽  
Core Problem

This is a library-comparative research of the profit mechanism assessment and measurement of two calculation methods, which is between conventional models and sharia models. The approaches used in this study consists of four; normative approach, sociological approach, historical approach; and philosophical approach. The four approaches used with the aim to reveal the method of calculating profits with the Islamic accounting system. The data obtained from the literature is then processed by making reductions and classifications to draw the relationships pattern between the data found and the core problem of this study. The processed data is then analyzed to find answers to the problems of this research.This research finds that there are significant differences where the sharia system has more benefits. In Islamic accounting, the calculation model can encourage the economic growth of the people. Thus the element of sharia is clearly able to bring goodness and salvation (maslahah) in the life of mankind.The results of this study are intended to provide public knowledge and understanding of the sharia method which not only brings worldly benefits but also avoids the harm that affects the lives of the world and the hereafter. This understanding is a means to realize happiness of life (al-falah) in the world and the hereafter. Keywords:Relevance, Assessment, Measurement, Conventional, Accounting,Sharia.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES ON THE SUCCESS OF FEMALE MICRO ENTREPRENEURS IN PESHAWAR, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
The People ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Religious Elements

The women entrepreneurs play a very vital role in the economy of a country. The small enterprises run by women entrepreneurs at micro-level make a great contribution in the market by introducing various innovative ideas, products and services for the people. On the other hand, women face issues in accessing education, training and other services because the free market mechanism does not provide isolated openings for women. Women have to compete for and work in the same existing and regulatory framework as their counterpart does so. The situation compels a deeper understanding of the gender prejudices that has become the confining factors for women in accessing and availing business opportunities and active participation. In Pakistan, society several societal, cultural, traditional and religious elements have made the environment more complicated for women, particularly in the field of business sector. The existing environment is a legacy of patriarchal system that believes in no women participation in the outer world. In other words, women in such societies have no say in decision making and are not allowed to have economic independence.

Custom, Law, and Monarchy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Seong-Hak Kim
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
French History ◽  
Legislative Authority ◽  
The People ◽  
Modern France ◽  
Internal Coherence

Ancien régime France did not have a unified law. Legal relations of the people were governed by a disorganized amalgam of norms, including provincial and local customs (coutumes), elements of Roman law and canon law that together formed jus commune, royal edicts and ordinances, and judicial decisions, all coexisting with little apparent internal coherence. The multiplicity of laws and the fragmentation of jurisdiction were the defining features of the monarchical era. A key subject in European legal history is the metamorphosis of popular customs into customary law, which covered a broad spectrum of what we call today private law. This book sets forth the evolution of law in late medieval and early modern France, from the thirteenth through the end of the eighteenth century, with particular emphasis on the royal campaigns to record and reform customs in the sixteenth century. The codification of customs in the name of the king solidified the legislative authority of the crown, the essential element of the absolute monarchy. Achievements of French legal humanism brought French custom and Roman law together to lay the foundation for the French law. The Civil Code of 1804 was the culmination of these centuries of work. Juristic, political, and constitutional approaches to the early modern state allow an understanding of French history in a continuum.

Ethics and Laboratory Medicine

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1404-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J McQueen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
Professional Independence

Abstract Ethical issues have been given limited attention by professionals in laboratory medicine. Professional ethics is the moral bond that links a profession, the people it serves, and society. Understanding the complexities of individual and common good is essential for full professional participation in major issues in health care. Specific issues that challenge laboratory professionals in clinical research are allocation of health-care resources, testing conducted nearer the patient, confidentiality, screening tests, and molecular biology. A voice in ethical issues is an essential element of professional independence. The ethical attitudes we display influence the kind of people who choose to work in our profession. More open discussion about ethics is necessary in our professional literature.

Economic Education: A Requirement For Building A Free Market Economy And A Liberal Democracy In Ethiopia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsehai Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
The People ◽  
Calculated Risk

This essay presents the case for a national campaign of economic literacy in Ethiopia. It argues that given the lack of opportunities for exposure to a properly functioning market economy or for formal training in economic principles, Ethiopians tend to be predisposed to accepting and/or seeking guidance from government regulators as though that is the natural or only way to proceed in their business and personal choices. This state of affaires is a key reason for the state of abject poverty Ethiopians have had to live in for generations. The paper proposes a two track program of economic education to free the creative talents of the people of Ethiopia from the shackles of regulation. Such a program, it is argued, is a necessary although not a sufficient condition for the Ethiopian economy to bust loose from its prolonged state of paralysis. Economic education which helps let citizens be free from bureaucratic regimens to dream and to take calculated risk in the pursuit of their economic and financial ambitions will also make significant contributions towards expanding the scope for personal freedoms in other dimensions of life in Ethiopian.

Fuel Quality: An Essential Element in Vehicle Emission Control

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Emission Control ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
The People ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Reformulated Gasoline ◽  
Catalyst Systems ◽  
Made In

Enormous progress has been made in the past 40 years in reducing vehicle emissions in the United States and around the world. Emission control technology has progressed from rudimentary engine controls to sophisticated computer-controlled catalyst systems. Another major factor in reducing emissions, whose contribution is not as well known as that of the hardware, is the fuel. This paper will review three significant fuel changes; unleaded gasoline, deposit control additives, and reformulated gasoline. In will provide the background for these changes and the technical data to substantiate the changes. It will also delve into the people and the strategies involved for implementing the changes, and some of the major aftereffects of the changes.

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