scholarly journals Against Ruskin: Joseph and Elizabeth Pennell’s recasting of Venice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Bainbridge
Keyword(s):  
Special Focus ◽  
Travel Books ◽  
Elizabeth Robins ◽  
The City

The images of Venice by Philadelphian Joseph Pennell (1857-1926) have never really escaped from James McNeill Whistler’s long shadow. His etchings, drawings, pastels, and lithographs all show the influence of the master. Together with his wife, Elizabeth Robins Pennell (1855-1936), he would publish a two-volume biography of his friend (1908). Their allegiance to Whistler and the Barbaro Circle brought the Pennells to endorse a new image of Venice away from the hegemonic cult of Ruskin pervasive in tourist and travel books about the city. This article seeks to reassess the contribution of both Pennells to this group of erudite intellectuals and reconsider their promotion of a more truthful and intimate representation of Venice beyond the mass of tourists and polished marble façades. Its special focus is on the Pennells’ – Elizabeth’s in particular – antagonistic relationship with Ruskin, whose iconic The Stones of Venice had mourned a city forever lost to tourists, over-restoration, and the onslaught of the railroad.

The Forgotten Widows of Vrindavan in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Rekha Pande
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cultural Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Women In India

This chapter looks at some of the issues of old women in India with a special focus on widows in the city of Vrindavan. In India, social mores inhibit women from re-marrying, resulting in an increased likelihood of women ending up alone. In many conservative Indian Hindu families, widows are shunned because they're seen as bringing bad luck. Most of these widows find refuge in Vrindavan. The data for this study was collected through interviews with 50 widows and two group discussions in the six homes (ashrams) for the widows. Data was collected pertaining to their age, literacy, socio-economic background, marriage, life after marriage, work, experiences of widowhood, and their stay in Vrindavan. The chapter concludes by stating that very little information is available on these widows. There is a need for better data collection and research on the inheritance practices, socio-economic and cultural status of widows, as widows are left out of many schemes and policies of the government. These widows need to be treated as human beings and brought to the mainstream of the women's movement.

scholarly journals Insurgency in the Indian Northeast: Student Voices from Kolkata

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-282
Author(s):  
Kunal Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Large City ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Student Voices ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The City

The article looks at the different facets of the on-going conflict in the Indian Northeast. After some background information, the article looks at the current political situation. There is a special focus on the voices of students. In the Indian Northeast, students have been actively involved in the insurgency and protest movements. Thus, the primary data for the purposes of this article was collected from students of Northeastern origin in the city of Kolkata. Although Kolkata is not in north-eastern India, it is seen as the gateway to the Indian Northeast and the nearest large city in the region, where people of Northeastern descent often come for their education and employment. The article also argues that out of all the Northeastern states, Manipur is currently the most troubled one. Finally, at the end of the article methods of peace building have been suggested as the way forward.

scholarly journals Holistic approach for cultural infrastructure with reference to future smart cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Gokhale
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Cultural Infrastructure ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The City

To take the initiative of smart cities to new heights is a responsibility of every citizen. Bona fide progress will be seen when people's approach towards their city will change through awareness and education about the prevalent systems. This paper focuses on improving the cultural aspects of a smart city, especially visually, and on improving governance with reference to the 21st century. A majority of the information deals with the must-haves of smart city, later moving on to more specific problems. In the following paper, evaluation, analysis, ideas, innovative solutions along with comparisons and examples from life have been suggested with a view of enhancing the pre-existent, and further developing the cultural infrastructure of a smart city. This is proposed in a way that will help old traditions and historical heritage keep pace with modernism and other urban developments in the age of internet without changing their essence. This, in turn, will lead to touristic developments. Attention has also been paid to heritage restoration and its methods. Special focus has been given to the aesthetics of proposed, self-designed signage systems of the city. It is hoped that the insights presented herewith encourage greater enthusiasm towards art and encourage appreciation towards the culture and heritage of a smart city. This will add value to the quality of life of its citizens.

School variation in offending: A macro-level strain approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-722
Author(s):  
Julia Sandahl
Keyword(s):  
School Level ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Confounding Effect ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This study employs Macro-level Strain Theory (MST) as a framework to provide a better understanding of the way in which the structural and social context of Stockholm schools covaries with self-reported violent and general offending. The findings contribute to the literature in this area by directing a special focus at the interplay between the theory’s macro-level components and some individual-level mechanisms that may be assumed to condition the effect of strain on offending. Using multi-level data on 4789 students nested in 82 schools (violent offending) and 4643 students nested in 83 schools (general offending) in the City of Stockholm, the study notes significant contextual effects of anger, meaninglessness and life dissatisfaction on offending. School-level deprivation appears to have a confounding effect on the relationship between school-contextual negative affect and offending. Further, school-contextual anger influences some individuals more than others. Implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Functional and Morphological Transformations of the Urban Block—Contribution to the Expected Modernization of Zagreb’s Historical Core

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 4184-4206
Author(s):  
Sanja Gašparović ◽  
Tihomir Jukić ◽  
Ana Mrđa
Keyword(s):  
Special Focus ◽  
City Development ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Morphological Transformations ◽  
The City ◽  
Functional Transformations ◽  
Graphic Interpretation

The paper explores the possibilities of the structural and functional transformation of blocks in the historical center of Zagreb as a part of modernization after many years of neglect as well as earthquakes in 2020. The research aims to determine how the existing block tissue corresponds with the needs of today’s residents and the possibility of its improvement. The historical circumstances in which the blocks were formed and underwent the most significant changes and modern processes that affect the state and value are determined. There is a special focus on the interior of the block (courtyards), as well as on the spaces on the ground floors of street facades, where numerous, unexplored changes can be observed. The findings provide starting points for desirable structural–functional transformations of blocks and stem from the synthesis and interpretation of knowledge from four interrelated parts of the research. The characteristics of blocks have changed during city development stages, as depicted by an analysis and graphic interpretation of historical maps and urban plans (1864–2021). Influences of modern processes on changes of the city are determined on the basis of the synthesis of previous research from different interdisciplinary points of view; a detailed analysis of the structural–functional changes is conducted on the example of three selected blocks. Transformation models for three selected blocks are proposed.

scholarly journals Idræt og byplanlægning - med København som case

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Eskelund
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Large City ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Central Section ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
City Life ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
The City

Sport and urban planning – with Copenhagen as case study This article deals with the field of sport and urban planning in large cities, with special focus on the municipality of Copenhagen from 1988-2003. In the first place a situation marked by decline is shown to have existed in the field of sport in Copenhagen over recent years (especially in the central section of the city). This provides the opportunity to pose the question of primary concern: How can sport, city life and urban planning be conceived in relation to future guidelines on the politics of sport and on urban planning in a large city such as Copenhagen? The task here is to recommend a way out of decline through an analysis of the area of “sport and urban planning”. Looked at more specifically, in an attempt to break with possibly restrictive thinking patterns, questions have to asked as to the reasoning behind existing politics on this area. What forms of authoritative and legitimate rationalization (and what conditions of power) have been dominating the politics of sport in Copenhagen from 1988- 2003? And how should future guidelines be formulated in order to make sport a more integral part of the city? On this matter a hypothesis is put forward here that sport in a municipal context is subject to a dominant planning norm, which is devoted to an idea of “obligational fellowship”, and that this norm can be restrictive in regard to new thinking on how to make sport a more integral part of the city.

scholarly journals Para o estudo das aves em Portugal (séculos XIII-XVI): conflitos e proteção, segundo o testemunho das fontes jurídicas e os livros de viagensPara el estudio de las aves en Portugal (siglos XIII-XVI): conflictos y protección, según el testigo de las fuentes jurídicas y los libros de viajesA contribution to the study of birds in Portugal (13th-16th Centuries): conflicts and protection, according to the testimony of the legal documents and travel books

2017 ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Maria Alice Da Silveira Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The People ◽  
Travel Books ◽  
The City ◽  
The Middle Ages

Este texto tem o objetivo de estudar as aves em Portugal, na Idade Média (séculos XIIIXV) e nos primórdios do século XVI, a partir de documentação jurídica, régia e local (costumes e foros, posturas, atas de vereação...) e dos livros de viagens, as Saudades da Terra, de Gaspar Frutuoso, sobre os arquipélagos portugueses, Açores e Madeira. Pretende-se, por um lado, dar a conhecer as aves que faziam parte da paisagem portuguesa; os conflitos e os delitos resultantes das relações quotidianas entre as pessoas e estes animais. Na segunda parte, analisaremos as penas, os mecanismos de controlo e as medidas “proteção” para a preservação das aves.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Portugal, aves, séculos XIII-XVI, conflitos, proteção.RESUMENEste texto tiene el objetivo de estudiar las aves en Portugal, en la Edad Media (siglos XIII-XV) y a principios del siglo XVI, a partir de la documentación jurídica, regia y local (fueros extensos, ordenanzas, actas municipales...) y de los libros de viajes, las Saudades da Terra, de Gaspar Frutuoso, sobre los archipiélagos portugueses, Azores y Madeira. Se pretende, por un lado, dar a conocer las aves que formaban parte del paisaje portugués; los conflictos y los delitos resultantes de las relaciones cotidianas entre las personas y estos animales. En la segunda parte, analizaremos las penas, los mecanismos de control y las medidas de “protección” para la preservación de lasaves.PALABRAS CLAVE: Portugal, aves, siglos XIII-XVI, conflictos, protección.ABSTRACTThis text describes the study of birds in the Middle Ages (13th-15th centuries) and atthe beginning of the 16th Century in Portugal through both royal and local legal documents (customs and laws, municipal by-laws, minutes of the city councils, etc.) and Saudades da Terra, a series of travel books on the Azores and Madeira Islands by Gaspar Frutuoso. The study seeks to present the birds that were part of the Portuguese landscape as well as the conflicts and the crimes generated from daily relations between the people and these animals. In the second part, it will examine the punishment, control mechanisms and the “protection” measures for the bird’s preservation.KEY WORDS: Portugal, birds, 13th-16th centuries, conflicts, protection.

scholarly journals Produção e Planejamento do Espaço Urbano da Metrópole Matogrossense: Análise sobre o acesso a terras urbanizáveis na Cidade Ilegal segundo os Planos Diretores

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Anna Luiza Garção Oliveira ◽  
Deusa Maria Rodrigues Boaventura ◽  
Aristides Moyses ◽  
Dandara Cristine Alves de Amorim ◽  
Regiane Lima Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

O planejamento do espaço urbano brasileiro por meio de ferramentas ordenadoras do território - como Planos Diretores e Instrumentos Urbanísticos - constituem um modo de operação que, desde a década de 1960 vem passando por significativas mudanças e melhorias na tentativa de propor não apenas grandes marcos urbanísticos, como também programas progressivamente mais aplicáveis aos espaços urbanos. Nesse sentido, atrelada a discussão teórico/metodológica sobre o Planejamento Territorial Brasileiro por meio de Planos Diretores e a função social da cidade, este artigo pretende analisar como a temática do ordenamento urbano foi implementada em Cuiabá a partir de 1960 até os tempos atuais, entendendo como estes instrumentos atuaram na seguridade do acesso as terras urbanizáveis na capital mato-grossense, com especial foco para as áreas ocupadas ilegalmente que constituem a Cidade Ilegal. Production and Planning of the Urban Area of Metrópole Matogrossense: Analysis of Access to Urban Land in the Illegal City According to the Master Plans The planning of the Brazilian urban space through spatial planning tools - such as Master Plans and Urbanistic Instruments – has been in an operation mode that, since the 1960s, undergone significant changes and improvements in order to approach not only remarkable urbanistic landmarks, but also develop programs progressively more applicable to urban spaces. In this regard, taking into account the theoretical/ methodological discussion on the Brazilian Territorial Planning with basis on Master Plans and the social function of the city, this article aims to analyze how the urban planning theme has been implemented in Cuiabá from 1960 until the present time by understanding how these instruments have influenced on tenure security to urbanizable lands in the capital of the Brazilian State of Mato Grosso, with a special focus on the illegally occupied areas that form the so-called Illegal City. Producción y Planificación del Espacio Urbano de Metrópole Matogrossense: Análisis Sobre el Acceso a Tierras Urbanizables en la Ciudad Ilegal Según los Planes Directores La planificación del espacio urbano brasileño por medio de herramientas ordenadoras del territorio -como Planos Directores e Instrumentos Urbanísticos- constituyen un modo de operación que desde la década de 1960 viene pasando por significativos cambios y mejoras en el intento de proponer no sólo grandes marcos Urbanísticos, así como programas progresivamente más aplicables a los espacios urbanos. En este sentido, vinculada a la discusión teórico / metodológica sobre la Planificación Territorial Brasileña por medio de Planes Directores y la función social de la ciudad, este artículo pretende analizar cómo la temática del ordenamiento urbano fue implementada en Cuiabá a partir de 1960 hasta los tiempos actuales, entendiendo Como estos instrumentos actuaron en la seguridad del acceso a las tierras urbanizables en la capital mato-grossensse, con especial foco para las áreas ocupadas ilegalmente que constituyen la Ciudad Ilegal.

scholarly journals City energy audit based on research template MDN/R+E as the instrument of planning energy saving measures at urban level

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-159
Author(s):  
Anna Ostańska ◽  
Katarzyna Taracha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fitness For Purpose ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns ◽  
The City

The aim of the research project was to develop a City Energy Audit (CEA) for Lublin, Poland. CEA collects information on the built environment and city infrastructure in a systematic way, and provides structural analyses with special focus on housing stock. The purpose of CEA is to provide reliable input for analysing current and future energy consumption patterns, i.e. the basis for planning effective and viable energy saving measures at urban level. The CEA’s fitness for purpose was confirmed in practice – it was used by the local authorities in the process of preparing the Study of the conditions and directions of spatial planning for the City of Lublin in September 2011. To present the idea of applying CEA, the authors use their original template of Possible Retrofit/Repair and Energy Saving Measures (further referred to as MDN/R+E) and develop it into detailed solutions using the example of an 11-storey prefabricated block of flats.

СHILDREN'S LIBRARIES: THE CASE OF TOMSK, 1960–1970

2021 ◽  
pp. 272-282
Author(s):  
Alexsandra I. Ermolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

The paper discusses the activities of children's libraries in Tomsk in the 1960s and 70s. The main goal of this study is consider the history of children's libraries in the city and reveal the role of libraries in educational, cultural, political and ideological components of the everyday lives of young Tomsk residents. There are several reasons for addressing this problem. In the USSR, children were always not only in the care of the state, but also part of the political discourse about the happy childhood and the man of the future who was expected to live under communism. In this context, children's libraries were given a special status as places that successfully combined educational, cultural, political and ideological activities for children. The Tomsk Region has always been considered the intellectual center of Siberia. Therefore, it seems obvious that there has always been a special focus on the development of libraries in Tomsk. For example, the number of public libraries in the Tomsk Region increased from 135 in 1945 to 495 in 1964. This study addresses the history of children's libraries in the city. The thematic focus of their collections, and According to the regional archive, in the 1960– 70s, there were four active children's libraries in the city. The main ones were City Children's Library No. 1 located at 167 Lenin Avenue, and Marshak Children's Library No. 2 located at 17a Nikitina Street, The two other were smaller in size: Library No. 3 (81 Michurina) and City Children's Library No. 6 (9 Kolkhoznaya). The statistical reports of libraries demonstrate the increasing interest of young Tomsk residents in library activities: the number of readers, as well as number of visits grew from year to year. The libraries had quite diverse collections, which included not only books, but also periodicals. Some interesting observations can be made about the distribution of genres: socio-political publications are the second most popular genre, after fiction. Libraries were not only a place where children could receive and read books, but also hosted a variety of cultural, educational and leisure events, such as matinees, debates, exhibitions, and poetry evenings. There were Young Readers Clubs which arranged book discussions and meetings with interesting people. All this evidence suggests that children's libraries were an essential part of the city's social and cultural life. They acted as a kind of educational centers where young Tomsk residents could find answers to their questions. They were also places of leisure where children could spend their free time. Moreover, libraries inculcated some ideologically correct attitudes. Meetings, disputes, and quizzes held in libraries always addressed topics related to Lenin, communism, and activities of the Commuunist Party of the Soviet Union.

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