History of Minority Movement in Korean Society in the Postwar Japan : From 1945 to 1965

N. V. Kyuner (1877-1955): ‘Korea in the Second Half of the 18th Century.’ The Unpublished Typescript

Herald of an Archivist ◽

10.28995/2073-0101-2018-1-24-37 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 24-37

Author(s):

Nataliya A. Chesnokova ◽

Keyword(s):

18Th Century ◽

Far East ◽

Development Stage ◽

State University ◽

Korean Society ◽

European Languages ◽

Foreign Policies ◽

History Of ◽

Crown Prince ◽

Eastern Institute

Nikolai Vasilievich Kyuner (1877-1955) was a Russian Orientalist. Having graduated with merit from the St. Petersburg State University, he was sent to the Far East and spent there two years. Having returned, he was appointed head of the department of historical and geographical sciences at the Eastern Institute (Vladivostok) in 1904. Kyuner was one of the first Orientalists to teach courses in history, geography, and ethnography. His works number over 400. The article studies a typescript of his unpublished study ‘Korea in the second half of the 18th century’ now stored in the Archive of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg). Little known to Russian Koreanists, it nevertheless retains its scientific significance as one of the earliest attempts to study the history of the ‘golden age’ of Korea. The date of the typescript is not known, though analysis of the citations places its completion between 1931 and 1940. The article is to introduce the typescript into scientific use and to verify some facts and terms. N. V. Kuyner’s typescript consists of 8 sections: (1) ‘Introduction. Sources review’; (2) ‘General characteristics of the social development stage of Korea in the second half of the 18th century’; (3) ‘Great impoverishment of the country’; (4) ‘Peasantry’; (5) ‘Cities’; (6) ‘Popular revolts’; (7) ‘Military bureaucratic regime’; (8) ‘The Great Collection of Laws’ (a legal code). There are excerpts from foreign and national publications of the 19th - early 20th century, and there’s also some valuable information on Korean legal codes and encyclopedias of the 18th century, which have not yet been translated into any European languages. The typescript addresses socio-economic situation in Korea in the 18th century; struggles of the court cliques of the 16th-18th centuries and their role in inner and foreign policies of the country; social structure of the society and problems of the peasantry; role of trade in the development of the Middle Korean society; legal proceedings and legislation, etc. One of the first among Russian Koreanistics, N. V. Kyuner examined causes of sasaek (Korean ‘parties’) formation and the following events, linking together unstable situation in the country, national isolation, and execution of Crown Prince Sado (1735-1762).

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The Korean Society of the History of Historiography

10.29186/kjhh. ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Korean Society ◽

History Of

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Historical Policy of the Roh Moo-hyun’s Government in South Korea: Seeking Reconciliation with the Past

RUDN Journal of Political Science ◽

10.22363/2313-1438-2021-23-2-305-315 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 305-315

Author(s):

Natalya N. Kim

Keyword(s):

Civil Rights ◽

Truth And Reconciliation Commission ◽

Reconciliation Commission ◽

Korean Society ◽

Truth And Reconciliation ◽

Historical Justice ◽

20Th Century History ◽

History Of ◽

The Republic ◽

Historical Past

Historical policy was one of the main directions of the domestic policy of the Roh Moo-hyuns government (2003-2008). The ideological justification of revising the 20th century history of Korea was the idea of building a new Korean society based on the principles of democracy and the rule of civil rights and freedoms. Through the implementation of a new historical policy the Roh Moo-hyuns government tried to prove that the creation of such a society was impossible without revealing the truth about the historical past, in which the state repeatedly neglected civil rights and committed crimes. Increased attention to issues of restoration of the historical justice is typical for the current government of Moon Jae-in, the political successor of Roh Moo-hyun. Based on the analysis of the governmental documents, legislation this paper reveals the main disagreements between political parties of the Republic of Korea around the establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, identifies the key results of its activities.

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