Laser nephelometry applied in an automated microplate system to study filamentous fungus growth

Establishment of a fungal infection due to Aspergillus fumigatus relies on the efficient germination of the airborne conidia once they penetrate the respiratory tract. However, the features of conidial germination have been poorly explored and understood in this fungal species as well as in other species of filamentous fungi. We show here that the germination of A. fumigatus is asynchronous. If the nutritional environment and extensive gene deletions can modify the germination parameters for A. fumigatus, the asynchrony is maintained in all germinative conditions tested. Even though the causes for this asynchrony of conidial germination remain unknown, asynchrony is essential for the completion of the biological cycle of this filamentous fungus.

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Treatment of Timber by Nanofiber Fabric with Biocide Compound

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1000.154 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1000 ◽

pp. 154-157

Author(s):

Zuzana Rácová ◽

Petra Hrochová ◽

Pavla Ryparová

Keyword(s):

Dry Rot ◽

Petri Dishes ◽

Materials Used ◽

Serpula Lacrymans ◽

Filter Papers ◽

Fungus Growth

Dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) is wood-decaying fungus. It grows frequently in our territory and it causes big damages on structures. Remediation of damaged structures is very difficult, sometimes impossible, therefore it is necessary to study preventive protection against dry rot fungus. PVA nanofibred fabrics with synthetic and natural biocidal additives were used for this experiment. Filter papers soaked in dopes with biocidal substances were other materials used for this experiment. Pieces of nanofiber fabrics and pieces of filter papers soaked in dopes were placed to Petri dishes with broth. Small cuts of dry rot fungus were placed around them. This experiment was performed in conditions, which promote the growth of dry rot fungus. Growth of dry rot fungus was studied.

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Mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase from the thermophilic, filamentous fungus Talaromyces emersonii

European Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04230.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 271 (15) ◽

pp. 3115-3126 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alan P. Maloney ◽

Susan M. Callan ◽

Patrick G. Murray ◽

Maria G. Tuohy

Keyword(s):

Malate Dehydrogenase ◽

Filamentous Fungus ◽

Talaromyces Emersonii ◽

Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase

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cAMP activates calcium signalling via phospholipase C to regulate cellulase production in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei

Biotechnology for Biofuels ◽

10.1186/s13068-021-01914-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yumeng Chen ◽

Xingjia Fan ◽

Xinqing Zhao ◽

Yaling Shen ◽

Xiangyang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Phospholipase C ◽

Trichoderma Reesei ◽

Filamentous Fungus ◽

Calcium Signalling ◽

Signal Transduction Pathway ◽

Cellulase Production ◽

Signalling Pathway ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Transduction Pathway

Abstract Background The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is one of the best producers of cellulase and has been widely studied for the production of cellulosic ethanol and bio-based products. We previously reported that Mn2+ and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) can stimulate cellulase overexpression via Ca2+ bursts and calcium signalling in T. reesei under cellulase-inducing conditions. To further understand the regulatory networks involved in cellulase overexpression in T. reesei, we characterised the Mn2+/DMF-induced calcium signalling pathway involved in the stimulation of cellulase overexpression. Results We found that Mn2+/DMF stimulation significantly increased the intracellular levels of cAMP in an adenylate cyclase (ACY1)-dependent manner. Deletion of acy1 confirmed that cAMP is crucial for the Mn2+/DMF-stimulated cellulase overexpression in T. reesei. We further revealed that cAMP elevation induces a cytosolic Ca2+ burst, thereby initiating the Ca2+ signal transduction pathway in T. reesei, and that cAMP signalling causes the Ca2+ signalling pathway to regulate cellulase production in T. reesei. Furthermore, using a phospholipase C encoding gene plc-e deletion strain, we showed that the plc-e gene is vital for cellulase overexpression in response to stimulation by both Mn2+ and DMF, and that cAMP induces a Ca2+ burst through PLC-E. Conclusions The findings of this study reveal the presence of a signal transduction pathway in which Mn2+/DMF stimulation produces cAMP. Increase in the levels of cAMP activates the calcium signalling pathway via phospholipase C to regulate cellulase overexpression under cellulase-inducing conditions. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of the cAMP–PLC–calcium signalling pathway underlying cellulase expression in T. reesei and highlight the potential applications of signal transduction in the regulation of gene expression in fungi.

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