scholarly journals Effects of Gonadotropins and Their Second Messengers on the Induction of Progesterone Receptor in Chicken Granulosa Cells in Vitro: Evidence for Its Dependency on Luteinizing Hormone and Cyclic AMP and Relationship to Follicular Growth.

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Yoshinori SAWADA ◽  
Yukinori YOSHIMURA ◽  
Tatsudo TAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Follicular Growth

scholarly journals Luteinizing hormone stimulates the formation of inositol trisphosphate and cyclic AMP in rat granulosa cells. Evidence for phospholipase C generated second messengers in the action of luteinizing hormone

1986 ◽  
Vol 238 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Davis ◽  
L L Weakland ◽  
L A West ◽  
R V Farese
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Inositol Phosphates ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Inositol Trisphosphate

The following studies were conducted to determine whether luteinizing hormone (LH), a hormone which increases cellular levels of cyclic AMP, also provokes increases in ‘second messengers’ derived from inositol lipid metabolism (i.e. inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol). Rat granulosa cells isolated from mature Graafian follicles were prelabelled for 3 h with myo-[2-3H]inositol. LH provoked rapid (5 min) and sustained (up to 60 min) increases in the levels of inositol mono-, bis, and trisphosphates (IP, IP2 and IP3, respectively). Time course studies revealed that IP3 was formed more rapidly than IP2 and IP following LH treatment. The response to LH was concentration-dependent with maximal increases at LH concentrations of 1 microgram/ml. LiCl (2-40 mM) enhanced the LH-provoked accumulation of all [3H]inositol phosphates, presumably by inhibiting the action of inositol phosphate phosphatases. The effectiveness of LH, however, was dependent on the concentration of lithium employed; maximal increases in IP were observed at 10 mM-LiCl, whereas maximal increases in IP2 and IP3 were observed at 20 mM- and 40 mM-LiCl, respectively. The stimulatory effects of LH on inositol phosphate and progesterone accumulation were also compared with changes in cyclic nucleotide levels. LH rapidly increased levels of inositol phosphates, progesterone and cyclic AMP, but transiently reduced levels of cyclic GMP. These results demonstrate that LH increases both cyclic AMP and inositol trisphosphate (and presumably diacylglycerol) in rat granulosa cells. Our findings suggest that two messenger systems exist to mediate the action of LH in granulosa cells.

scholarly journals The role of IGFs in the regulation of ovarian follicular growth in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Juengel ◽  
Lisa J Haydon ◽  
Brigitta Mester ◽  
Brian P Thomson ◽  
Michael Beaumont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Theca Cells ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Growth

IGFs are known to be key regulators of ovarian follicular growth in eutherian mammals, but little is known regarding their role in marsupials. To better understand the potential role of IGFs in the regulation of follicular growth in marsupials, expression of mRNAs encoding IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), IGFBP4 and IGFBP5 was localized by in situ hybridization in developing ovarian follicles of the brushtail possum. In addition, the effects of IGF1 and IGF2 on granulosa cell function were tested in vitro. Both granulosa and theca cells synthesize IGF mRNAs, with the theca expressing IGF1 mRNA and granulosa cell expressing IGF2 mRNA. Oocytes and granulosa cells express IGF1R. Granulosa and theca cells expressed IGFBP mRNAs, although the pattern of expression differed between the BPs. IGFBP5 mRNA was differentially expressed as the follicles developed with granulosa cells of antral follicles no longer expressing IGFBP5 mRNA, suggesting an increased IGF bioavailability in the antral follicle. The IGFBP protease, PAPPA mRNA, was also expressed in granulosa cells of growing follicles. Both IGF1 and IGF2 stimulated thymidine incorporation but had no effect on progesterone production. Thus, IGF may be an important regulator of ovarian follicular development in marsupials as has been shown in eutherian mammals.

COMPARISON OF THE STIMULATORY EFFECTS OF OVINE, PORCINE AND HUMAN FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE AND OF OVINE AND HUMAN LUTEINIZING HORMONE ON THE ACCUMULATION OF CYCLIC AMP BY PORCINE GRANULOSA CELLS

1979 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADA M. LINDSEY ◽  
CORNELIA P. CHANNING
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Porcine Granulosa Cells ◽  
Tenfold Increase ◽  
Incubation Periods

The effects of ovine, porcine and human FSH, and ovine and human LH on the accumulation of cyclic AMP by porcine granulosa cells obtained from follicles at various stages of maturation were investigated. During incubation periods of 15 min, 10 μg ovine FSH pretreated with antiserum to LH or 10 μg human FSH resulted in an 11- to 18-fold, five-to ninefold, and less than a twofold increase in intracellular accumulation of cyclic AMP by granulosa cells from small (1–2 mm), medium (3–5 mm) and large (6–12 mm) follicles respectively. Similar patterns of response occurred with addition of porcine FSH. After incubation for 30 and 60 min with ovine, porcine or human FSH, significant accumulation of cyclic AMP in the incubation medium occurred with cells obtained from small and medium-sized follicles. After 60 min of incubation with FSH the accumulation of cyclic AMP in the incubation medium exceeded the intracellular cyclic AMP levels in granulosa cells from small and medium-sized follicles. During incubation periods of 15 min, 1·0 μg ovine LH resulted in less than a twofold, a fourfold and greater than a tenfold increase in intracellular accumulation of cyclic AMP by granulosa cells from small, medium and large follicles respectively. Addition of human LH brought about a similar response. Incubation periods of 30 and 60 min with 1·0 μg ovine or human LH resulted in significant accumulation of cyclic AMP in the incubation medium by granulosa cells from large follicles; cyclic AMP content in the incubation medium was greater after 60 min compared with 30 min of incubation. It was concluded that ovine FSH pretreated with an antiserum to LH had similar effects on cyclic AMP levels as did purified human and porcine FSH, and that the stimulatory effects of the less pure ovine FSH were probably not due to an impurity in the FSH preparation. Porcine granulosa cells obtained from small follicles should be suitable as an in-vitro FSH bioassay while granulosa cells obtained from large follicles should be suitable as an in-vitro LH bioassay.

scholarly journals Influence of A23187 and dibutyryl cyclic AMP on progestagen production by rat granulosa cells in vitro

Reproduction ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Tsang ◽  
D. F. Mattice ◽  
M. Li ◽  
E. K. Asem
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp

scholarly journals hCG Improves Luteal Function and Promotes Progesterone Output through the Activation of JNK Pathway in the Luteal Granulosa Cells of the Stimulated IVF Cycles†

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Bildik ◽  
Nazli Akin ◽  
Yashar Esmaeilian ◽  
Francesko Hela ◽  
Kayhan Yakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzymes ◽  
Jnk Pathway ◽  
Jnk Signaling ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Jnk Signaling Pathway

Abstract Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a luteotropic hormone that promotes the survival and steroidogenic activity of corpus luteum (CL) by acting through luteinizing hormone receptors (LHRs) expressed on luteinized theca and granulosa cells (GCs). Therefore, it is used to support luteal phase in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles to improve clinical pregnancy rates and prevent miscarriage. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this action of hCG is not well characterized. To address this question, we designed an in vitro translational research study on the luteal GCs obtained from 58 IVF patients. hCG treatment at different concentrations and time points activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and significantly increased its endogenous kinase activity along with upregulated expression of steroidogenic enzymes (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (stAR), 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD)) in a dose-dependent manner in the luteal GCs. As a result, in vitro P production of the cells was significantly enhanced after hCG. When JNK pathway was inhibited pharmacologically or knocked-down with small interfering RNA luteal function was compromised, P4 production was declined along with the expression of stAR and 3β-HSD in the cells. Further, hCG treatment after JNK inhibition failed to correct the luteal defect and promote P4 output. Similar to hCG, luteinizing hormone (LH) treatment improved luteal function as well and this action of LH was associated with JNK activation in the luteal GCs. These findings could be important from the perspective of CL biology and luteal phase in human because we for the first time identify a critical role for JNK signaling pathway downstream LHR activation by hCG/LH in luteal GCs. Summary Sentence JNK signaling pathway plays a central role in the upregulated expression of the steroidogenic enzymes StAR and 3b-HSD and augmented progesterone production by hCG/LH in human luteal granulosa cells.

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