scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Calcium Propionate and Calcium Butyrate Improves Eggshell Quality of Laying Hens in the Late Phase of Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengze Song ◽  
Hongchao Jiao ◽  
Jingpeng Zhao ◽  
Xiaojuan Wang ◽  
Haifang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Calcium Propionate

scholarly journals Uterine transcriptome analysis reveals mRNA expression changes associated with the ultrastructure differences of eggshell in young and aged laying hens

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Feng ◽  
Hai-jun Zhang ◽  
Shu-geng Wu ◽  
Guang-hai Qi ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Processing ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Eggshell Formation ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Altered Gene

Abstract Background Lower eggshell quality in the late laying period leads to economic loss. It is a major threat to the quality and safety of egg products. Age-related variations in ultrastructure were thought to induce this deterioration. Eggshell formation is a highly complex process under precise regulation of genes and biological pathways in uterus of laying hens. Herein, we evaluated the physical, mechanical and ultrastructure properties of eggshell and conducted RNA sequencing to learn the transcriptomic differences in uterus between laying hens in the peak (young hens) and late phase (aged hens) of production. Results The declined breaking strength and fracture toughness of eggshell were observed in aged hen group compared to those in young hen group, accompanied with ultrastructure variations including the increased thickness of mammillary layer and the decreased incidence of early fusion. During the initial stage of eggshell formation, a total of 183 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 125 upregulated and 58 downregulated) were identified in uterus of laying hens in the late phase in relative to those at peak production. The DEGs annotated to Gene Ontology terms related to antigen processing and presentation were downregulated in aged hens compared to young hens. The contents of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in uterus were higher in aged hens relative to those in young hens. Besides, the genes of some matrix proteins potentially involved in eggshell mineralization, such as ovalbumin, versican and glypican 3, were also differentially expressed between two groups. Conclusions Altered gene expression of matrix proteins along with the compromised immune function in uterus of laying hens in the late phase of production may conduce to age-related impairments of eggshell ultrastructure and mechanical properties. The current study enhances our understanding of the age-related deteriorations in eggshell ultrastructure and provides potential targets for improvement of eggshell quality in the late laying period.

scholarly journals Combined Effect of Genotype, Housing System, and Calcium on Performance and Eggshell Quality of Laying Hens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2120
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ketta ◽  
Eva Tůmová ◽  
Michaela Englmaierová ◽  
Darina Chodová
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Quality Response ◽  
Floor System

The objective of this study was to evaluate hen performance and eggshell quality response to genotype, housing system, and feed calcium (Ca) level. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted on 360 laying hens of ISA Brown, Bovans Brown (commercial hybrids), and Moravia BSL (traditional Czech hybrid). Laying hens were kept in enriched cages and on littered floor and fed similar feed mixtures with different Ca content (3.00% vs. 3.50%). In terms of hen performance, ISA Brown had the highest egg production (84.2%) compared to Moravia BSL (74.3%) and Bovans Brown (71.4%). Regarding eggshell quality, Bovans Brown showed the highest values of all eggshell quality parameters. Increasing feed Ca level augmented egg production (p ≤ 0.001) but had no effect on other performance parameters. Except eggshell thickness, all eggshell quality parameters were affected by the three-way interaction of genotype, housing, and Ca. Bovans Brown, which had the strongest eggshells (5089 g/cm2) when housed on a littered floor system and fed 3.00% Ca, while Moravia BSL housed on a littered floor had the weakest eggshells (4236 g/cm2) at 3.50% Ca. The study pointed out the importance of the interactions between studied factors on performance and eggshell quality compared to an individual factor effect.

scholarly journals Uterine Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Mechanism Underlying the Ultrastructure Differences of Eggshell in Young and Aged Laying Hens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Feng ◽  
Hai-jun Zhang ◽  
Shu-geng Wu ◽  
Guang-hai Qi ◽  
J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antigen Processing ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Antigen Processing And Presentation

Abstract Background: Lower eggshell quality in the late laying period leads to economic loss. It is a major threat to the quality and safety of egg products. Age-related variations in ultrastructure were thought to induce this deterioration. Eggshell mineralization is a highly complex process under precise regulation of genes and biological pathways in uterus of laying hens. Herein, we evaluated the physical, mechanical and ultrastructure properties of eggshell and conducted RNA sequencing to learn the transcriptomic differences in uterus between laying hens in the peak (young hens) and late phase (aged hens) of production.Results: The declined breaking strength and fracture toughness of eggshell were observed in aged hen group compared to those in young hen group, accompanied with ultrastructure variations including the increased thickness of mammillary layer and the decreased incidence of early fusion. During the initial stage of eggshell formation, a total of 183 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 125 upregulated and 58 downregulated) were identified in uterus of laying hens in the late phase in relative to those at peak production. The DEGs annotated to Gene Ontology terms related to antigen processing and presentation were downregulated in aged hens compared to young hens. The contents of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in uterus were higher in aged hens relative to those in young hens. Besides, the genes of some matrix proteins potentially involved in eggshell mineralization, such as ovalbumin, versican and glypican 3, were also differentially expressed between two groups.Conclusions: Altered gene expression of matrix proteins along with the compromised immune function in uterus of laying hens in the late phase of production may conduce to age-related impairments of eggshell ultrastructure and mechanical properties. The current study enhances our understanding of the age-related deteriorations in eggshell ultrastructure and provides potential targets for improvement of eggshell quality in the late laying period.

The paradoxical effects of progesterone on the eggshell quality of laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 107430
Author(s):  
Jiacai Zhang ◽  
Zhiyun Wang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Lvhui Sun ◽  
Shahid Ali Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Paradoxical Effects
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