Exogenous Individual Characteristics and Social Capital in Western Europe

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Migheli
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Individual Characteristics

Trust: A National Project

2015 ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
N. Rozinskaya ◽  
I. Rozinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
National Project ◽  
Low Level ◽  
General Trust

This article deals with the genesis of general trust and social capital in contemporary Russia, which faces the external pressure. The low level of general trust is noted, its economic, social and everyday life implications are considered, an explanation of Russia’s lower than in western Europe level of trust is provided. Considering society’s level of trust and social capital as externalia, the authors conclude that there is a necessity to "produce" trust intentionally. Promotion of collective charity is proposed as a mechanism of such "production". It is stressed that in order to activate the potential of trust in a society, there is a need for ideological and symbolic basis linked to its history. Russian People’s Unity Day, understood as the birthday of Russian civil society, is proposed to be used in this respect.

scholarly journals 4265 Effect of individual characteristics, healthcare access, and built environment on care coordination outcomes related to cardiovascular disease risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 117-118
Author(s):  
Sonal J. Patil ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Angela Johnson ◽  
David Mehr ◽  
Randi Foraker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Care Manager ◽  
Nurse Care ◽  
Comorbidity Index

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We examined how individual characteristics and characteristics of the socioeconomic and built environment were associated with care coordination’s effect on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks to identify geographic areas that may benefit from supplementary clinic-community linkages. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed data with geocoded residential addresses and data from electronic health records for 9946 adults from a Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services funded innovation project from 7/1/2013 to 3/30/2015. Variables included patient-level demographics, Elixhauser comorbidity index, total time with a nurse care manager, and neighborhood factors such as poverty indicators, walkability, and social capital index. Outcomes were change in CVD risk factors, hemoglobin A1C, blood pressure (BP), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Generalized linear models were used to assess the effect of nurse care management program on outcomes after controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We report preliminary models that include patient demographics (age, sex, race), health care utilization, nurse care manager contact time, Elixhauser comorbidity index, neighborhood education status, percent of population below 200% federal poverty level, median home value, walkability score of the residential address, and social capital index. After adjusting for all mentioned variables, in adults with HbA1C more than 7.5% at baseline, females had worsening HbA1C by 0.53% over the study period. Additionally, LDL values in females worsened over the study period by 4.8 mg/dL after adjusting for all variables. No clinically significant changes were noted for BP. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Women’s HbA1C and LDL worsened despite nurse care management and may benefit from additional community-based interventions or interventionists. In future analyses, we anticipate that CVD risk will worsen for patients with higher fast food proximity and with greater geographic distance from their PCP.

scholarly journals Hubungan Modal Sosial dengan Partisipasi Kelompok Tani dalam Koperasi Pondok Pesantren (Kopontren)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Irfan Fadhlurrahman ◽  
Saharuddin Saharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristic ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Age Relation ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTCooperatives as one of the sectors of economic power that is considered the most suitable developed in Indonesia, because formed by members and aims for the welfare of its members. Pesantren as a grassroots Islamic educational institution also develops Koperasi Pondok Pesantren (Kopontren) by fostering farmer groups. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of individual characteristics (age, education level, length of work, and income level), social capital, and participation of farmer group members in Kopontren Alif agribusiness activities. The result of the research shows that there is no significant correlation between individual characteristic with social capital and participation, except the age relation with participation, but the relation is negative. While social capital with participation has a significant and strong relationship. This is due to the high social capital with the participation of farmer group members in the activities of Kopontren Alif agribusiness.Keywords: farmer groups, individual characteristic, kopontren, social capital, participation. ABSTRAKKoperasi sebagai salah satu sektor kekuatan ekonomi yang dianggap paling cocok dikembangkan di Indonesia, karena dibentuk oleh anggota dan bertujuan untuk kesejahteraan anggotanya. Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam yang bersifat akar rumput turut mengembangkan koperasi pondok pesantren (Kopontren) dengan membina kelompok tani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan karakteristik individu (usia, tingkat pendidikan, lama bekerja, dan tingkat pendapatan), modal sosial, dan partisipasi anggota kelompok tani binaan dalam kegiatan agribisnis Kopontren Alif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara karakteristik individu dengan modal sosial dan partisipasi, kecuali hubungan usia dengan partisipasi, namun hubungannya negatif. Sedangkan modal sosial dengan partisipasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan kuat. Hal ini dikarenakan tingginya modal sosial dengan partisipasi anggota kelompok tani dalam kegiatan agribisnis Kopontren Alif.Kata kunci: karakteristik individu, kelompok tani, kopontren, modal sosial, partisipasi.

scholarly journals Influence of Western European Pedagogical Trends on Development of Young Teacher’s Pedagogical Mastery in the Late 19th – the Early 20th Centuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Olena Trynus
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
New Type ◽  
Pedagogical Analysis ◽  
Great Love ◽  
Young Teachers

AbstractThe end of the 19th and early 20th centuries is characterized by justification of reforming pedagogical trends in Western Europe and accumulation of relevant ideas required to create a new type of school, educate independent and initiative individuals and improve teacher training. Based on comparative pedagogical analysis of the mentioned period, the content of individualistic (free creativity of students and teachers), experimental (studying general patterns and individual characteristics of students’ physical and spiritual development), social (establishing relationships between education and community), Herbartinian (educational teaching, development of various interests), monistic (methodological principle of continuity in cognition, unity and invariance of world laws) pedagogical trends have been analyzed. It has been found that the conceptual foundation for foreign pedagogical trends was the study of personality traits of the student as “the object of pedagogical influence”, and their unifying basis was a well-developed personality of the student as well as their cognitive activity. It has been revealed that young teachers are primarily responsible for developing active, independent, creative personalities, able to change the world around. It has been determined that an important factor in developing their pedagogical mastery is the ability to analyze and use innovative ideas of representatives of the latest pedagogical trends, to master new educational technologies, methods and, of course, special skills in developing the child’s personality. It has been proved that young teachers’ career success is associated with development of their personal qualities, namely, friendliness, humanity, great love and care for children.

scholarly journals Treatment of prisoners and prison personnel training in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Thomas Müller
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The article devoted to one of the topical problems of penitentiary institutions – the return to society of a prisoner who has served a sentence, provided that he or she will never commit crimes. This is the most difficult problem that arises in the course of the implementation by the penitentiary system of its main function – to ensure the safety of society. In many countries, the degree of prisoners’ isolation is determined by their categorization. German practice is based on a risk assessment of illegal conduct in relation to a particular person. The risk of violent acts is not necessarily related to the nature of the committed crime or the length of the sentence. The prison administration makes its own decision on the choice of the regime of detention. The penitentiary system (not the court) develops flexible security measures that can be changed in relation to the prisoner’s personality. All measures taken against prisoners should be based on the proportionality principle. The analysis of various rehabilitation programs for prisoners, used in Western Europe, leads the author to the conclusion that the most effective of them is individual therapy, which reduces the risk of recidivism by almost half. As a standard used in Germany, the author specify the principle of “risk – need – quick res-ponse”. The higher the risk of recidivism, the more intense the impact on the prisoner’s behavior should be. However, the application of this principle will be effective only when the selected cognitive techniques and practical training technologies coincide with the individual characteristics and the prisoner’s ability to learn. In addition, the results achieved by the prison administration must be supported by post-penitentiary rehabilitation programs. The article also describes the system of selection and training of prison personnel in Germany.

CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Vojislav Ilić ◽  
Igor Novaković ◽  
Slobodan Cvetanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human And Social Capital

During the last decade of the last century, the concept of capital in scientific literature has been significantly expanded. Namely, for decades, the belief that the category of capital includes only visible resources has been modified in terms of extending its comprehensiveness to intangible resources, such as human and social capital. Human capital encompasses knowledge, skills, competencies and characteristics embodied in the individual, which enable the creation of personal, social and economic well-being, while social capital represents the capital of cooperation, interaction, mutual trust and help. When it comes to education, the ability to acquire the necessary knowledge, skills and competences is crucial for the economic and social progress of individual countries. Unlike physical capital that is completely tangible, human and social capital are intangible. Recent approaches, as components of human capital, in addition to education and the level of health status of the population, outline the characteristics of people and societies that have an impact on the effects of work, including factors of ability, motivation and culture, etc. Some experts extend the content of human capital to individual characteristics of people such as creativity, innovation, motivation, attitudes (about life, business, etc.), diligence, responsibility, perseverance, self-initiative, communication success, problem solving, critical thinking, self-study, flexibility and adaptability. The paper considers the contribution of education as one of the basic and absolutely indisputable component of human capital to the development of social capital. It has come to the conclusion that countries with high education of the population tend to become richer and to invest more and more resources in the development of their own processing system. Therefore, in current business conditions in the process of creating human capital, the importance of activities focused on lifelong education and professional development is especially important. Both types of capital are developing in close interdependence. The increase in human capital corresponds significantly to the development of social capital. On the contrary, social capital represents an essential premise of increasing the efficiency of human capital. Moreover, there is not a small number of authors who regard certain attributes of social capital as human capital components. Considering the contribution of education as a component of human capital to the development of social capital, it can be concluded that education does so because it helps young people to recognize their duties as members of society, promote civil and social engagement of people and influence human behavior. Citizens with higher education have a high degree of civic and social engagement. The educated people are much more involved in their communities and take practical steps to improve the welfare of communities in which they live contributing, among other things, to the development of social capital.

scholarly journals PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK DENGAN SOCIAL CAPITAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fika Azmi ◽  
Mirasanti Wahyuni ◽  
Sri Imaningati
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Children's Education ◽  
Test Tool ◽  
The People ◽  
Children’S Education

Child education is very important to note because children or young generation is the next generation of nation that will soon be built nation building. Parents must pay attention to the quality of children's education. Mother is the first teacher for a child and also the greatest motivator for child development. Therefore, the mother is expected to encourage the success of children's education. A housewife who is an unemployed mother has greater time and opportunity to make it happen. It takes capital to do that. Individual characteristics of the intellectual capital of the housewife who is the greatest driver for the success of children's education. And this encouragement will increase as it happens by the increase in social capital owned by housewives. This study will accommodate the intellectual capital owned by housewives to the success of children's education with social capital as a moderate variable. Statistical test tool used is linear regression. The subject is the people of Central Semarang. Samples were taken by random sampling. The data used are primary data collected by questionnaire. The result of Social Capital has an effect on the success of children's education and intellectual capital expressed as excluded variable�Keywords: Success of Children's Education, Intellectual Capital housewife, Social Capital

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