A Global Perspective on Vertical Distribution Restraints and Other Unfair Competittion Practices: The Carbonated Soft Drink Industry

Association of carbonated soft drink and fast food intake with stress-related sleep disturbance among adolescents: A global perspective from 64 countries

EClinicalMedicine ◽

10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100681 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 100681

Author(s):

Asaduzzaman Khan ◽

Clare Dix ◽

Nicola W Burton ◽

Shanchita R Khan ◽

Riaz Uddin

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Fast Food ◽

Soft Drink ◽

Global Perspective

Download Full-text

A global perspective of ground level, 'ambient' carbon dioxide for assessing the response of plants to atmospheric CO2

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00436.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 789-796 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

L. H. Ziska ◽

O. Ghannoum ◽

J. T. Baker ◽

J. Conroy ◽

J. A. Bunce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Ground Level ◽

Global Perspective ◽

Atmospheric Co2

Download Full-text

Food-Evoked Changes in Humans

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 25-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Peter Walla ◽

Maria Richter ◽

Stella Färber ◽

Ulrich Leodolter ◽

Herbert Bauer

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Startle Response ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Soft Drink ◽

Ice Cream ◽

Response Amplitude ◽

Response Modulation ◽

Motivational States ◽

Localization Analysis ◽

Study Participants

Two experiments investigate effects related to food intake in humans. In Experiment 1, we measured startle response modulation while study participants ate ice cream, yoghurt, and chocolate. Statistical analysis revealed that ice cream intake resulted in the most robust startle inhibition compared to no food. Contrasting females and males, we found significant differences related to the conditions yoghurt and chocolate. In females, chocolate elicited the lowest response amplitude followed by yoghurt and ice cream. In males, chocolate produced the highest startle response amplitude even higher than eating nothing, whereas ice cream produced the lowest. Assuming that high response amplitudes reflect aversive motivation while low response amplitudes reflect appetitive motivational states, it is interpreted that eating ice cream is associated with the most appetitive state given the alternatives of chocolate and yoghurt across gender. However, in females alone eating chocolate, and in males alone eating ice cream, led to the most appetitive state. Experiment 2 was conducted to describe food intake-related brain activity by means of source localization analysis applied to electroencephalography data (EEG). Ice cream, yoghurt, a soft drink, and water were compared. Brain activity in rostral portions of the superior frontal gyrus was found in all conditions. No localization differences between conditions occurred. While EEG was found to be insensitive, startle response modulation seems to be a reliable method to objectively quantify motivational states related to the intake of different foods.

Download Full-text