The Clean Development Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol and the 'Low-Hanging Fruits' Issue

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Bréchet ◽  
M. Germain ◽  
Vincent van Steenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Development Mechanism

scholarly journals Analisis Kinerja Sistem Proteksi Type M-3425A pada Generator di WHRPG PT. Semen Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Liliana Liliana
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Generator Protection ◽  
Development Mechanism

Waste Heat Recovery Power Generation (WHRPG) adalah sebuah sistem mengkonservasi energi dan menunjang pembangunan bersih atau Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) yang merupakan implementasi dari Kyoto Protocol. Sistem ini terbukti dapat  menurunkan emisi CO2 sebesar 47.000 ton per tahun. WHRPG menggunakan generator sinkron dengan kapasitas 8,5 MW dilengkapi dengan sistem eksitasi tanpa sikat.  Pengoperasian WHRPG yang kontinyu harus didukung dengan pengoperasian generator dengan pengamanan yang optimal. Generator harus terus dilindungi dari gangguan-gangguan yang mungkin terjadi. Pengamanan Generator telah dilengkapi dengan Generator Protection Type M-3425 yang terdiri atas beberapa jenis pengamanan di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja proteksi pada generator khususnya terhadap gangguan tegangan lebih dan frekuensi rendah berupa kenaikan tegangan mencapai 45% dan gangguan penurunan frekuensi mencapai 6 % . Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi ketepatan kinerja relay Over Current Relay dan  under frequency Relay dalam melaksanakan pengamanan gangguan tersebut.  Hasil pemantauan dan analisis dinyatakan bahwa kedua  relay dapat dengan cepat membaca gangguan yang terjadi, selanjutnya memberi isyarat untuk mengaktifkan lock out relay, alarm dan lampu indikator sehingga gangguanpun dengan segera dapat diatasi sehingga potensi kerusakan yang bisa terjadi  pada generator bisa diminimalisir.

scholarly journals Accelerating the implementation of the clean development mechanism in South African industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Little ◽  
T Maxwell ◽  
M Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
South African ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Development Mechanism

One of the responses to the threat of global warming is the Kyoto Protocol and the associated Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to reduce greenhouse gases. South Africa is an ideal country for the implementation of industrial CDM projects, yet lags behind many other countries. This qualitative research determines the factors that cause South Africa to lag other developing countries in the implementation of industrial CDM projects and the interventions that will have the most impact on accelerating implementation. The research involved interviews with 30 experts involved in the South African CDM process. The results identify the factors perceived to be facilitating and inhibiting the use of CDM opportunities and a framework for CDM practitioners to develop an implementation strategy within South African industry is established. 

scholarly journals REDD+ and the Clean Development Mechanism: A comparative perspective

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lovleen Bhullar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Development Mechanism

The program, ‘Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation’ (REDD), which operates within the international climate change policy framework, is projected to emerge as one of the key climate change mitigation mechanisms for developing countries. The existing Afforestation/Reforestation (A/R) mechanism, operating under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, may prove useful for drawing lessons for the emerging REDD program, since both mechanisms represent flexible means for developed countries to achieve compliance with their mitigation targets under the Kyoto Protocol. The possible means include CDM as the basis for a project-based approach for the implementation of REDD (if adopted) or the inclusion of REDD within CDM. This article compares the features of A/R CDM and REDD, identifies similarities and differences, and analyses the extent to which the former can provide guidance for the development of a carbon governance mechanism for REDD.

Applying Remotely Sensed Data to Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1258-1261
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Run He Shi ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Development Mechanism

"Kyoto Protocol" came into force on the February 16th, 2005. It introduced rules on the responsibilities of reducing greenhouse gas emission so as to alleviate and deal with problems caused by climate change. Among the three fulfillment mechanisms in "Kyoto Protocol", the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is the only one related to developing countries. As one of the most important developing countries in the world, it is urgent for China to make rational use of the CDM to support its high-speed economic development. At this point, nation-scale carbon related data are critical. This paper introduced the acquisition of soil, vegetation and land use/land cover data at a large scale using remotely sensed data and the simulation of carbon sink/source by means of ecosystem models. Remotely sensed data play an important role in the extraction of qualitative and quantitative information for CDM related researches and activities.

scholarly journals Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Business in Pakistan: Perceptions and Realities

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (4II) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaz Ahmed ◽  
Aneel Salman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Markets ◽  
Carbon Mitigation ◽  
Global Impacts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Global Carbon ◽  
Human Family ◽  
Development Mechanism

Climate change is the biggest challenge human family has ever faced in world history. It has local as well as global impacts and almost all the ethnic groups, communities, and geographical locations are exposed to it [Stern (2006)]. But comparatively developing countries are more exposed to the changes which are taking places due to climate [Stern (2006) and Barker (2008)]. The degree of their exposure which has a number of determinants varies across different regions [Karen, et al. (2004)]. Climate experts so far have proposed two broader solutions for this problem; mitigation of climate change by reducing the amount of emitted carbon from atmosphere, and adaptation to climate changes [Tompkins and Adger (2005) and Becken (2005)]. Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is dealing with climate change mitigation. It is the milestone towards global carbon mitigation efforts [Miriam, et al. (2007)]. This protocol has resulted in the establishment of carbon markets by adopting the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Pakistan ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and implemented it in 2005. To ensure the smooth functioning of carbon trading business in Pakistan, CDM related infrastructure was developed. Mainly this includes the establishment of CDM Cell in Pakistan, but a number of private consultancies also came into being with the emergence of this mechanism.

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